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WMAA- PEDAGOGY
VISION: To be an exemplar Christ-centered institution which produces globally competent graduates empowered to
serve the church and the community
MISSION: To provide holistic Adventist education for the development of 21 st century learners and for the progress
of the community towards a better future.
Mathematics 9: MODULE 9
W-WORSHIP (IFL) & WARM UP – This section provides you opportunity to ponder spiritual emphasis based on
the Bible (Integration of faith and Learning), learn how to value the four core values (Respect, Honesty, Love to God, and
Service) and explore the what I need to know and What I know.
To have a well-conditioned mind while studying and making the activities presented in this module, it’s good to
spend few minutes studying words from the Bible. .
Proverbs 9:10 says, “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy One
is understanding”.
Think about the above text. It entails two closely related concepts: “fear,” as in awe, as in marveling at the glory
and power of God; and “knowledge,” as in learning truth about the character of God. Hence, wisdom, knowledge, and
understanding are rooted in God Himself. This makes perfect sense. After all, God is the source of all existence, the One
alone who created and sustains all existence (John 1:1–3; Col. 1:16, 17). Whatever we learn, whatever we know about—
quarks, caterpillars, supernovas, angels, demons, “principalities and powers in heavenly places” (Eph. 3:10), everything—
they exist only because of God. Hence, all true knowledge and wisdom and understanding ultimately have their source in
the Lord Himself.
Now, you are ready to start doing this module. God bless!
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PRELIMINARIES
i. Title:
To be able to succeed in this module you need to ensure that you have a good understanding of what polygons
are, the relationship been sides and angles as well as concepts of parallel and perpendicular lines.
Instructional materials(APA)
E-Math Worktext in Mathematics; Rex, RBS Mathematics Series; Revised Edition 2019.
E-Math Worktext in Mathematics; Rex, RBS Mathematics Series; Revised Edition 2015.
Oronce, Orlando A. and Mendoza, Marilyn O. (2010). Quadrilaterals. E-Math Geometry. Rex Book Store, Inc.
Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
http://www.nsa.gov/academia/_files/collected_learning/elementary/geometry/quadrilaterals.pdf
http://www.education.com/study-help/study-help-geometry-quadrilaterals/#page2/
http://www.math.com/school/subject3/lessons/S3U2L3DP.html
teachers.sduhsd.net/chayden/documents/5.2Quadrilaterals.ppt
http://www.onlinemathlearning.com/quadrilaterals.html
i. PRE-ASSESSMENT
Directions: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter that you think best
answers the question. Please answer all items. Take note of the items that you were not able to answer correctly
and find the right answer as you go through this module.
2. What can you say about any two consecutive angles in a parallelogram?
a. They are always congruent. c. They are sometimes complementary.
b. They are always supplementary. d. They are both right angles.
6. Which of the following conditions is not sufficient to prove that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram?
a. Two pairs of sides are parallel. c. Two angles are supplementary.
b. Two pairs of opposite sides are congruent. d. Two diagonals bisect each other.
a. 75°
b. 90°
c. 105°
d. 180°
8. Two consecutive angles of a parallelogram have measures (x + 30)° and [2(x – 30)]°. What is the measure of the
smaller angle?
a. 30° b. 80° c. 100° d. 140°
10. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are represented by 4x – 47 and 2x + 31. What is the value of x?
a. 37 b. 39 c. 107 d. 109
11. A cross section of a water trough is in the shape of a trapezoid with bases measuring 2 m and 6 m. What is the
length of the median of the trapezoid?
a. 2 m b. 4 m c. 5 m d. 8 m
12. What are the measures of the sides of parallelogram SOFT in meters?
a. {2 m , 1 m}
b. {5 m , 6 m}
c. {8 m , 13 m}
d. {13 m , 15 m}
13. The perimeter of a parallelogram is 34 cm. If a diagonal is 1 cm less than its length and 8 cm more than its width,
what are the dimensions of this parallelogram?
a. 4 cm 13 cm c. 6 cm 11 cm
b. 5 cm 12 cm d. 7 cm 10 cm
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– INTRODUCTION
M- Mobilize and Firm up- This part takes you to a hook or a motivation and reasons why you
need to study this module.
A. EXPLORE
A.1-MOTIVATION
Below are some pictures of quadrilaterals in real life.
You see why you need to have a good knowledge of quadrilaterals. Identifying these shapes and understanding
the properties will enable you to use appropriately these shapes.
Study the illustrations below and answer the questions that follow.
Questions:
1. What do you see in the illustrations above?
2. Do you see parts that show quadrilaterals?
3. Can you give some significance of their designs?
4. What might happen if you change their designs?
In the following activities you will learn how to classify quadrilaterals. Doing so, will help you identify similarities and
differences between and among quadrilaterals.
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II – INTERACTION
PARALLELOGRAM
RECTANGLE
KITE
TRAPEZOID
RHOMBUS SQUARE
QUADRILATERALS
A. ACQUIRE, ACTIVITIES & ARTICULATE - This sections allows you to firm –up and deepen your
acquire knowledge by engaging more articulate activities to practice the skills needed to accomplish
this module
A. FIRM-UP
Lesson 1: Quadrilaterals
What’s In!
You have looked at the illustrations, determined the significance of their designs and some disadvantages that
might happen in changing their designs, and classified the different groups/sets of quadrilaterals. Now, you are
going to refresh your mind on the definition of a quadrilateral and its kinds.
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Parallelogram A flat shape with 4 straight sides where opposite
sides are parallel or a quadrilateral with two pairs of
parallel sides.
Rhombus A flat shape with 4 straight sides that are all equal
length.
Kite
A Kite is a flat shape with straight sides.
It has two pairs of equal-length adjacent (next to each
other) sides.
It feels good when refreshing some definitions taught to you before. This shall
guide you in doing Activity 2 to determine which quadrilaterals are
parallelograms.
Identify whether the following quadrilaterals are parallelograms or not. Put a check mark (✓) under the
appropriate column and answer the questions that follow.
You’”ve just determined kinds of quadrilateral that are parallelograms. This time, you are ready to learn
more about quadrilaterals that are parallelograms from a deeper perspective.
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You will learn in this section the conditions that guarantee that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram. After which, you
will be able to determine the properties of a parallelogram and use these to find measures of angles, sides, and other
quantities involving parallelograms.
Let us begin by getting familiar with the different properties of a parallelogram. These are the following:
Properties of Parallelogram
But before we will study the properties of a parallelogram, do the Activity 3 below.
Study the following parallelograms below and answer the questions given below each figure.
1. A 6 B
7 7
D 6 C
Questions:
What condition guarantees that the figure is a parallelogram?
• Why did you say so?
2.
115o 65o
65o 115o
Questions:
What condition/s guarantee/s that the figure is a parallelogram?
Why did you say so?
3.
E F
G
H
Questions:
What condition guarantees that the figure is a parallelogram?
Why?
4.
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Questions:
What condition guarantees that the figure is a parallelogram?
Why?
What’s Is It!
Focus Discussion 1: CONDITIONS WHICH GUARANTEE THAT A
QUADRILATERAL A PARALLELOGRAM
Parallelogram Property 1
In a parallelogram, any two opposite sides are congruent.
Example:
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Given the Quadrilateral HOME
If HO ≅ ME; OM ≅ HE, then, quadrilateral HOPE is a parallelogram.
Parallelogram Property 2
In a parallelogram, any two opposite angles are congruent.
Example:
Parallelogram Property 3
In a parallelogram, any two consecutive angles are supplementary.
Example:
Parallelogram Property 4
The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
Example:
Parallelogram Property 5
A diagonal of a parallelogram divides the parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
Example:
Given the Quadrilateral AXIS with diagonal AI. If AXI ≅ ISA, then, quadrilateral AXIS is a parallelogram.
This time, we will now apply the properties in order to find the measures of angles, sides and other quantities involving
parallelogram.
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Given: CD = (3x + 5)cm, DE = (2y − 7)cm, EF = (x + 7)cm and CF = (y + 3)cm.
CD = EF
(3x + 5)cm = (x + 7)cm - write the correct equation
What is the value of x? 3x + 5 − 5 = x + 7 − 5 - addition property of equality
3𝑥 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2
2x = 2 - simplify
x = 1cm
CF = DE
(y+3)cm =(2y-7)cm
y+3−3 − 2𝑦 = 2y − 2y − 7 − 3
what is the value of y?
y − 2y = −10
−y = −10
y = 10cm
CF = (y + 3)cm -measure of side CF
CF = (10 + 3) -substitution method
How long is CF? CF = 10 + 3 -simplify
𝐶𝐹 = 13cm
Theorems on Rectangle
Theorem 1.
If a parallelogram has a right angle, then it has four right angles and the parallelogram is a rectangle.
Example:
Given: WINS is a parallelogram with
W, a right angle.
Prove: I, N, and S are right angles.
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. WINS is a parallelogram with 1. Given
W, a right angle.
2. W = 90 m 2. Definition of right triangle.
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3. In a parallelogram, opposite angles are
3. W N congruent.
I S
4. m W = mN 4. Definition of congruent angles
m I = m S
8. 90 = 90 8. Reflexive Property
11. I, N, and S are right angles. 11. If the measure of an angle is 90, then it is a right angle.
Example:
Given: WINS is a rectangle with diagonals WN and SI.
Prove: WN SI
Proof:
Statements Reasons
5. SN NS 5. Reflexive Property
7. WN IS 7. CPCTC
Theorems on Rhombus
Perpendicular symbol: ) means two distinct lines intersecting each other at 90° or a right angle are called
perpendicular.
Example:
Given: Rhombus ROSE
Prove: RS OE
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Rhombus ROSE 1. Given
2. OS RO 2. Definition of Rhombus
3. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
3. RS and EO bisect each other
4. H is the midpoint of RS. 4. EO bisects RS at H
5. RH HS 5. Definition of midpoint
6. OH OH 6. Reflexive Property
7. RHO SHO 7. SSS Congruence Postulate
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8. RHO SHO 8. CPCTC
9. RHO and SHO are right angles. 9. RHO and SHO form a linear pair and are
congruent.
10. Perpendicular lines meet to form right angles.
10. RS OE
Examples:
Given: Rhombus VWXY
Prove: 1 2
3 4
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Rhombus VWXY 1. Given
3. WY YW 3. Reflexive Property
5. 1 2; 3 4 5. CPCTC
Line Postulate: Through any two points there is exactly one line.
Reflexive Property:
In geometry, the reflexive property of congruence states that an angle, line segment, or shape is always
congruent to itself.
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Supplementary Angles:
Two Angles are Supplementary when they add up to 180 degrees.
An angle that is supplementary to one of two congruent angles is supplementary to the other also.
III – INTEGRATION
A- ANALYZE, APPLY & APPRECIATE
Activity 4 Yes, You Can!
A. Below is parallelogram ABCD. Consider each given information and answer the questions that follow.
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1. Given: AB = (3x – 5) cm, BC = (2y – 7) cm, CD =(x + 7) cm and AD = (y + 3) cm.
a. What is the value of x? (Solve x using the equation given in AB and CD.)
b. How long is AB? (Solve it by substituting your answer in number 1 to the equation for the measure of AB)
c. What is the value of y? (Solve x using the equation given in BC and AD.)
d. How long is AD? (Solve it by substituting your answer in number 3 to the equation for the measure of AD)
e. What is the perimeter of parallelogram ABCD?
Activity 5
Closure/Synthesis
D.1 Closure/synthesis
Make a journal about your learning experiences in this lesson by completing each statement below;
I learn that …
I feel great when I …
I have difficulty in…
This lesson is somewhat…
The activities I encountered are…
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I have two pairs of consecutive sides that are congruent
Properties of a Parallelogram
1. In a parallelogram, any two opposite sides are congruent.
2. In a parallelogram, any two opposite angles are congruent.
3. In a parallelogram, any two consecutive angles are supplementary.
4. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
5. A diagonal of a parallelogram forms two congruent triangles.
List of Theorems in This Module
Theorems on rectangle:
Theorem 1. If a parallelogram has one right angle, then it has four right angles and the parallelogram is a
rectangle.
Theorem 2. The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.
Theorems on rhombus:
Theorem 3. The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.
Theorem 4. Each diagonal of a rhombus bisects opposite angles.
IV – INTERVENTION
A. ASSIGNMENT
Activity 6
I. Answer the following statements with always true, sometimes true, or never true.
1. A square is a rectangle. 6. A parallelogram is a rectangle.
2. A rhombus is a square. 7. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
3. A parallelogram is a square. 8. A square is a rectangle and a rhombus.
4. A rectangle is a rhombus. 9. An equilateral quadrilateral is a rhombus.
5. A parallelogram is a square. 10. An equiangular quadrilateral is a rectangle.
II. Name all the parallelograms that possess the given. The number one is done for you.
1. All sides are congruent. Answer: Rhombus, Square
2. Diagonals bisect each other. Answer: __________
3. Consecutive angles are congruent. Answer: __________
4. Opposite angles are supplementary. Answer: __________
5. The diagonals are perpendicular and congruent. Answer: _________
B. POST – ASSESSMENT
I. Indicate with a check () mark in the table below the property that corresponds to the given quadrilateral.
Quadrilaterals
Property
Parallelogram Rectangle Rhombus Square
1. All sides are congruent
2. Opposite sides are parallel
3. Opposite sides are congruent
4. Opposite angles are congruent
5. Opposite angles are supplementary
6. Diagonals are congruent
7. Diagonals bisect each other
8. Diagonals bisect opposite angles
9. Diagonals are perpendicular to each other
10. A diagonal divides a quadrilateral into two
congruent triangles
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II. Refer to the given figure at the right and answer the following.
1. MA
2. MAH M
3. MS
4. THM
A H
5. ATH
S
6. If m MHT = 100, then m MAT
7. If m AMH = 100, then m MHT
8. If MH = 7, then AT =
T
9. If AS = 3, then AH =
10. If MT = 9, then SM =
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐷𝐶 , ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐶𝐴
Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐶 2.
3. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐷𝐴 3.
4. 𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐷 4. CPCTC
5. 5. Definition of a parallelogram
B. Four boy scouts are planning to build a rectangular tent. Scout Daryl said that the measurement from pole A
to pole C is the same as the measurement from pole B to D. Another scout doesn’t seem to agree to this,
how will scout Daryl prove that pole A to C is congruent to pole B to D, given that the two parallel sides of the
tent is also congruent?
Given: Rectangle ABCD, 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶
Prove: 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷
Help scout Daryl prove that 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷, by completing the table below.
Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. 𝐷𝐶 ≅ 𝐶𝐷 2.
3. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 and ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 are right angles 3. Definition of a rectangle
4. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 4. All right angles are congruent
5. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐶𝐷 5.
6. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷 6.
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