How sound works.

Every sound is produced by a vibration, which is the back and forth movement of the
sound. As a person speaks, vibration is caused by the vocal cords in the throat. You
can only hear the sound when the sound reaches your ear. Sound energy travels in
the form of sound waves, the two main types of sound waves are Transverse wave
and Longitudinal wave. Transverse waves move in an up and down motion and
vibrate at a right angle to the direction of the wave. A longitudinal wave is when the
vibrations are parallel to the direction of the wave. Sound waves also travel at
different speeds in different mediums; solid, liquid or gas. In a solid the particles are
very close together so the sound energy moves as one particle hits the other
particle, because the particles are so close together sound travels quickest through a
solid. In a liquid, the particles are further apart compared to the solid particles, this
means that the sound energy will take a little longer to travel through a liquid. In a
gas particle the particles are spread out which results in the sound waves travelling
the slowest compared to liquid and solid particles. Sound vibration produces waves,
which is the distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions. Sound
waves travel in all directions and also get reflected, then bounces back on hitting a
solid surface which is called an echo.