LAB 10

Band Gap reference Voltage circuits

Name: Mudassir Ali
Roll No.: 21i-2425
Section: IC Design
Date: June 26,2022
Subject: Mixed Signal IC Design
Submitted to: Google Classroom
 Lab Task
Task 1: Supply Independent Current Source with starting Diode

Figure 1: Schematic for Independent Current Source

Figure 2: Transient plots of VDD and output voltages and currents(I)

Figure 3: Transient plots of VDD and output voltages and currents (II)

Figure 4 Temperature VS output voltages and currents(I)

Figure 5 Temperature VS output voltages and currents (II)

Figure 6: VDD (1.5v and 2.5v) VS output voltages and currents (I)

Figure 7: VDD (1.5v and 2.5v) VS output voltages and currents (II)
2. Supply Independent Current Source without starting Diode

Figure 8: Schematic for Independent Current Source

Figure 9: Transient plots of VDD input and output voltages and currents (I)
 Figure 10: Transient plots of VDD input and output voltages and currents (II)

3. Opamp Bandgap Reference with starting Diode

Figure 11: Bandgap reference Voltage

 Figure 12: Transient plots of VDD and output voltages and currents

Response by temperature variation from -40 to 125C: Variation in Vout = 300mV

Figure 13: Temperature VS output voltages and currents

Response when N = 10 and R2/R3 = 6.46 (Constant)

Figure 14: Transient plots of VDD input and output voltages and currents

4. Opamp Bandgap Reference with offset Reduction

Figure 15: Bandgap reference Voltage

Figure 16: Transient plots of VDD and output voltages and currents (I)

Figure 17: Transient plots of VDD and output voltages and currents (II)
Response by temperature variation from -40 to 125C: Variation in Vout = 300mV

Figure 18: Temperature VS output voltages and currents

Response when Vdd = 3V (PMOS) MO and M1, fw = 5u (Rest is same)

Figure 19: Transient plots of output voltages and currents

 Assignments:

1. Describe the behaviour of starting diode in fig. 4 and fig. 5.

Ans: The circuit in figure 4 can’t work as current source unless a starting mechanism
is available. The PMOS M6 at center provide a current path from VDD to ground
which is connected in a diode configuration. Thus starts the current flow and once the
current starts to flow it is witched off.

2. Simulate, analyse and describe the behaviour of the circuit in fig. 4 by varying the R0
from 50k to
i. R0 = 10K
The transistor M6 is used to turn on the circuit and then turns off once the current starts to
flow but in case of the 10 k Resistor the M6 does not turns off as can be seen from the current
plot of M6 shown below:
The M6 remains on due to the below equation
VGS1+ VTH5 +|VGS3| < VDD

Figure 20: Current flowing through Drain of M6

ii. R0 = 100K
In the case of R=100K The M6 does not turn on at all thus the Current source does
not turn on. The M6 does not turn on due to the below equation. The curve of
current flowing through M6 is shown below:

VTH1+ VTH5 +|VTH3 | > VDD

Figure 21: Current flowing through Drain of M6

3. Simulate, analyze and describe the behaviour of the circuit in fig. 10 by
i. VDD variation
From the below Results it can be seen that when VDD is changes the output value of BGR
also changes for the circuit of Figure 10.

Figure 22: Results of circuit inn Figure 10 when VDD is changed

ii. Without using Starting Diode

Figure 23: Schematic for design without diode

When the diode is removed the circuit does not turn on as shown in results below:

4. Simulate, analyze and describe the behaviour of the circuit in fig. 14 by changing N = 10
and R0/R1=6.46
When the N is changed to 10 and resistor ratio to 6.46 the output voltage is increased as compared
to the voltage in previous case. It is due to the dependence of the output voltage on N and ratio of
resistors thought the voltage is changed but the Vout dependence on temperature variation will
increase thus the circuit will not act as good BGR.
 5. Compare the plots of fig. 17 by simulate the circuit when M = 1.
In this case the output voltage value is decreased due to change in value of M. In previous
case it was around 2.6 now it is 2.08 1 V.