GRADE 10 BIOLOGY CLASS

THE
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
PREPARED BY: KRISHAN FAYE R. OPONDA
HYPOTHALAMUS

The hypothalamus is a gland in your

brain that controls your hormone system.
It's main function is to keep the body in a
stable state called homeostasis.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The ENDOCRINE SYSTEM is
composed of glands that secrete
different types of hormones that
affect almost every cell, organ,
and function of our body.
It is essential in regulating
growth and development,
metabolism, as well as
reproductive processes and mood.
ENDOCRINE GLAND
Endocrine glands secretes chemicals known as
hormones into the bloodstream, which carries
them throughout the body. When a hormone in the
blood reaches the target organ, it produces a
notable effect. The endocrine system sends signals
all over the body, much like the nervous system,
but unlike nervous system, the effects can take a
few hours or even weeks.
 PITUITARY GLAND

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released
Oxytocin,
Vasopressin, Growth Stimulates
Pituitary At the base growth, and
hormone,
of the brain Adrenocorticotropic controls the
hormone (ACTH), LH, functions of
and FSH glands.
PITUITARY GLAND
OXYTOCIN: also called "love hormone" is a natural hormone that stimulates
uterine contractions in childbirth and lactation after childbirth.

antidiuretic hormone, plays a key role in maintaining

Vasopressin : osmolality (the concentration of dissolved particles, such

as salts and glucose, in the serum) and in maintaining the
volume of water in the extracellular fluid (the fluid space
that surrounds cells).

Growth Hormone: a natural hormone your pituitary gland makes

and releases that acts on many parts of the
body to promote growth in children.
PITUITARY GLAND
ACHT: a hormone your pituitary gland releases that plays a large
role in how your body responds to stress.

Luteinizing hormone: In male, it stimulates the production of

testosterone; while in female, it stimulates the
release of egg (ovulation).

FOLLICLE STIMULATING In male, it is necessary for sperm production

(spermatogenesis); and in female, it stimulates
HORMONE (FSH): the egg development (oogenesis).
 THYROID GLAND

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released

Regulates body
Below the Thyroxin,
Thyroid Calcitonin
metabolism, and
voice box causes storage of
calcium in bones.
 THYROID GLAND
Thyroxin : play an important role in regulation of your weight,
energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail
growth, metabolism and is an important part of the
endocrine system.

Calcitonin: is a hormone that plays a role in regulating the

level of calcium in your blood by decreasing it.
 PARATHYROID GLAND

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released
Controls the
calcium levels in
Parathyroid In the neck Parathyromone
our body, and
normalizes bone
growth .
PARATHYROID GLAND
Parathormone:
hormone your parathyroid glands release to control calcium
levels in your blood. It also controls phosphorus and vitamin D
levels. If your body has too much or too little parathyroid
hormone, it can cause symptoms related to abnormal blood
calcium levels.
 THYMUS GLAND

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released

Enables the body

In front of
Thymus Thymosin to produce certain
the heart antibodies.
 THYMUS GLAND
Thymosin:
is a hormone secreted from the thymus. Its primary
function is to stimulate the production of T cells, which
are an important part of the immune system. Thymosin
also assists in the development of B cells to plasma cells
to produce antibodies.
 ADRENAL GLAND

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released
Prepares the body
On top of for action,
Adrenal Adrenaline controls the heart
the kidneys
rate and breathing
in times of
emergency.
ADRENAL GLAND
Adrenaline:
is a hormone released from the adrenal
glands and its major action, together with
noradrenaline, is to prepare the body for
'fight or flight'.
 PANCREAS

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released

Between Insulin, Regulates blood

Adrenal sugar levels.
the kidneys Glucagon
 PANCREAS GLAND
Insulin: Insulin is a hormone that is responsible for allowing glucose in
the blood to enter cells, providing them with the energy to
function. A lack of effective insulin plays a key role in the
development of diabetes.

GLUCAGON: Glucagon works along with the hormone insulin to control

blood sugar levels and keep them within set levels.
Glucagon is released to stop blood sugar levels dropping
too low (hypoglycaemia), while insulin is released to stop
blood sugar levels rising too high (hyperglycaemia). It is one
of the ‘’anti-insulin’’ hormones. It works in totally opposite
way to insulin.
 REPRODUCTIVE

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released
Control
Testes Lower Androgen, maturation and
(Males) abdomen Testosterone male
characteristics.
 REPRODUCTIVE
Androgen:
or male sex hormone, is defined as a substance capable of
developing and maintaining masculine characteristics in
reproductive tissues (notably the genital tract, secondary
sexual characteristics, and fertility) and contributing to the
anabolic status of somatic tissues.

Testosterone:
Testosterone is most often associated with sex
drive and plays a vital role in sperm production.
It also affects bone and muscle mass, the way
men store fat in the body, and even red blood
cell production.
 REPRODUCTIVE

Hormones
GLAND LOCATION Function
released
Influence female
Ovaries Lower Estrogen, traits, and support
(Females) abdomen Progesterone reproductive
function.
 REPRODUCTIVE
Estrogen: estrogen plays a key role in your reproductive health. The
development of secondary sex characteristics (breasts,
hips, etc.), menstruation, pregnancy and menopause are all
possible, in part, because of estrogen.

Progesterone:
sometimes called the "pregnancy hormone" a hormone
released by the corpus luteum in the ovary. It plays
important roles in the menstrual cycle and in maintaining
the early stages of pregnancy.
Whale
Done
ACTIVITY TIME