NERVOUS

SYSTEM
SIMON SAYS!
 When will you feel happiness?
When will you feel that you are loved?
How can you say that you are in love?
• Learning Objectives:
• Be familiar with the
endocrine system and its
function.
• Distinguish the hormones
released by the pituitary
gland of endocrine system.
 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system
is composed of glands
that secretes different
types of hormones
that affect almost
every cell, organ, and
function of our body.
 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

It is essential in
regulating growth and
development,
metabolism, as well as
reproductive
processes and mood.
How does your endocrine system
functions?
Endocrine glands secrete
chemicals known as
hormones into the
bloodstream, which carries them
throughout the body.
When hormones in the
blood reaches the target
organ it produces a notable
effect in a few hours or
even weeks.
 PITUITARY GLAND
Location Functions

Stimulates growth, and

at the base of controls the functions of
the brain other glands.
PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

OVGAPLF
 PITUITARY GLAND
Oxytocin HORMONES RELEASED

Vasopressin
Growth Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH)
Prolactin
Luteinizing Hormone
Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
 PITUITARY GLAND

Oxytocin
HORMONES RELEASED

- appear to be connected
to human emotions and the
regulation of childbirth and
breast-feeding. It is also
called the love hormone.
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Vasopressin
-helps control the amount
of salt and water in your body
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Growth Hormone
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH)
is a hormone your pituitary
gland releases that triggers
your adrenal glands to
release cortisol, the “stress
hormone.”
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH)
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone
that's responsible for
lactation, certain breast
tissue development and
milk production.
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Prolactin
Higher-than-normal
levels of prolactin in
your blood can cause
certain symptoms, such
as irregular periods,
infertility and erectile
dysfunction.
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Prolactin
The higher the
proclatin the lower the
production of estrogen
or testosterone.
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Luteinizing Hormone
The other reproductive pituitary
hormone, aids in egg maturation
and provides the hormonal trigger
to cause ovulation and the release
of eggs from the ovary.
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Luteinizing Hormone
Hormones responsible for ovulation
 PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONES RELEASED

Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)

plays a role in sexual
development and
reproduction. It
affects the function
of ovaries and
testicles.
 Thyroid Gland

A small butterfly-shape gland in the front

of your neck.
 Thyroid Gland
Function

Below the Voice Box

 Thyroid Gland
Function

Regulates body metabolism, and

causes storage of calcium in bones.
 Metabolism
The chemical reactions
in the body’s cells that
change food into
energy.
 Thyroid Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Thyroxin
•calcitonin
 Thyroid Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

• Thyroxin T3/T4 (active

vs. inactive)

It increases the rate of

chemical reactions in cells and
helps control growth hormone.
 Thyroid Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

• calcitonin
is a hormone that helps
control the level of
calcium in your blood.
 Parathyroid Gland
Location

In the Neck
Parathyroid Gland
Function
Controls the calcium
levels in your body, and
normalizes growth
hormone
 Parathyroid Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Parathyromone
is a hormone that
control the level of
calcium in your blood.
 Thymus Gland
Location

In Front of the Heart

 Thymus Gland
Function

Enables the body to produce certain

antibodies.
 Antibodies
A protein component of the
immune system that circulates
in the blood, recognizes foreign
substances like toxins, bacteria,
viruses or the antigen.
 Thymus Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Thymosin
is a hormone released by
thymus gland which
stimulates the immune
system.
 Adrenal Gland
Location

On top of the kidney

 Adrenal Gland
Function
Prepares the body for action,
controls the heart rate and
breathing in times of
emergency.
 Adrenal Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Adrenaline
is a natural hormone in
response to stress.
 Pancreas Gland
Location

Between Kidneys
 Pancreas Gland
Function

Control maturation and male

characteristics
 Pancreas Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Insulin
•Glucagon
 Pancreas Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Insulin
Essential for body
allowing your body to use
sugar (glucose) for energy.
 Pancreas Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Glucagon
Prevent blood glucose
levels dropping too low.
 Pancreas Gland
HORMONES RELEASED

•Insulin
•Glucagon
 Reproductive Gland
Testes (Male) Ovaries (Female)
Location: Lower Abdomen Location: Lower Abdomen
Reproductive Gland
Testes (Male) Ovaries (Female)
Function: Function:
Control Influence traits
maturation and support
and male reproductive
characteristics functions
 Testes (Male)
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

•Androgen
•Testosterone
 Testes (Male)
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

•Androgen
Sex hormones that help
people enter puberty and
mature physically.
 Testes (Male)
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

•Testosterone
Male sex hormones that
regulate fertility, muscle
mass, fat distribution, and
red blood cells production.
 OVARIES (FEMALE )
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

•Estrogen
•Progesterone
 OVARIES (FEMALE)
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

• Estrogen “Female sex hormones”

Plays an important role in
the normal sexual and
reproductive development
in women.
 OVARIES (FEMALE)
Reproductive Gland
Hormones Released

•Progesterone
supports menstruation and helps
maintain the early stages of a
pregnancy.
EFFECTS OF HORMONES IN THE BODY

 Several processes in the body are

coordinated by hormones which
regulates and balance the working of
organs, tissues and cells, the endocrine
system influences how your heart beats,
how your bones and tissues develop
and even capacity to have a baby.
EFFECTS OF HORMONES IN THE BODY

 Both men and women produces

hormones in the same areas with one
exception, the reproductive
glands. .additional male hormones are
produced in the testes while female
hormones are produced in the ovaries.
EFFECTS OF HORMONES IN THE BODY

 Hormones act in very small amounts. If

the organ and hormones do not produce
the regulated amount of chemicals to your
bod, it may result in an abnormality of
your body. This is called hormonal
imbalance. An increase or decrease in its
amount may have a significant effect in the
human body.
Assignment!
Directions: Explain which gland in the endocrine system
is involved in each dysfunction and explain the effect of
hormonal imbalance that was observed.
DWARFISM
GOITER

GIGANTISM