RÉPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

Paix-Travail-Patrie Peace-Work -Fatherland

………… …………
MINISTÈRE DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
…………. ………….
COMMISSION NATIONALE D'ORGANISATION DE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE ORGANIZATION
L'EXAMEN HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) EXAM
…………. ………….

National Exam of Higher National Diploma - 2023 Session

Specialty/Option: Network Security (NWS)

Paper: General Physics
Duration: 3 Hours Credit: 04
SETTING II
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
You are reminded of the necessity of good English and orderly presentation of your
material. Where calculations are required, clearly show your working and be chronological
in your answer
SECTION A: ELECTROSTATICS AND ELECTROKINETICS (40 Marks)
1. What must be the distance between point charge q 1 = 26.0 µC and point charge q2 = -47.0 µC for

the electrostatic force between them to have a magnitude of 5.70 N?

2. Explain what happens to the magnitude of the electric field of a point charge as r approaches zero
3. A proton accelerates from rest in a uniform electric field of 640 N/C. At one later moment, its speed
is 1.20Mm/s (non relativistic because v is much less than the speed of light). (a) Find the acceleration of
the proton. (b) Over what time interval does the proton reach this speed? (c) How far does it move in this
time interval? (d)  What is its kinetic energy at the end of this interval?
4. Two capacitors, C1 = 4.00 µF and C2 = 13.0 µF, are connected in parallel, and the resulting
combination is connected to a 9.00-V battery.
(a) Find the equivalent capacitance of the combination.
(b) Find the potential difference across each capacitor.
(c) Find the charge stored on each capacitor.
5. Why does the energy stored in a capacitor increase when the separation of parallel plate capacitors
increases?
6. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the speed of the electron is approximately 2.32 × 106 m/s.
a. Find the central force acting on the electron as it revolves in a circular orbit of radius 5.28 ×
10−11 m.
b. Find the centripetal acceleration of the electron. (Mass of electron = 9.1x10-31kg)
7. Why does a current carrying conductor experience a force when placed in an external magnetic field?
8. List the factors that affect the size of the force experienced by a current-carrying wire.
9. Two long parallel current carrying wires are separated by 6.3cm. One wire carries a current of 3.4A
up the page and the other carries a current of 2.5A down the page. Find the force acting on a 45cm
length of these parallel wires.
10. State Maxwell’s first law! Given the following point charges in a spherical surface. Q1=+5pC,
Q2=+6pC, q3= -5pC, q4=-3pC, q5=+3pC
a. Determine the enclosed charge qenc
b. The flux (given Ɛ0=8.85x10-12 C/Vm)

SECTION B: WAVE PROPAGATION (20 Marks)

1. Calculate the wavelengths of a 1530-kHz AM radio signal, a 105.1-MHz FM radio signal, and a
1.90-GHz cell phone signal 4Marks)
2. A small helium-neon laser emits red visible light with a power of 5.80 mW in a beam that has a
diameter of 2.90 mm .
a) What is the amplitude of the electric field of the light? (2Marks)
b)What is the amplitude of the magnetic field of the light? 2Marks)
c)What is the average energy density associated with the electric field? 2Marks)
d)What is the average energy density associated with the magnetic field? 2Marks)
e)What is the total energy contained in a 1.00-m length of the beam? 2Marks)

3. On its highest power setting, a certain microwave oven projects 1.00 kW of microwaves onto a 30.0
by 40.0 cm area.

(a) What is the intensity in W/m2? (2Marks)

(b) Calculate the peak electric field strength E0 in these waves. (2Marks)

(c) What is the peak magnetic field strength B0 ? (2Marks)

SECTION C: OPTICS (40 Marks)

1.

i. A converging lens is used as a magnifying glass.Draw a ray diagram to show how an

erect image is formed by a magnifying glass. (3marks)
ii. A diverging lens cannot be used as a magnifying glass. Explain why. (1marks)
iii. The converging lens has a focal length of 8 cm.Determine the two positions that an
object can be placed to produce an image that is four times the size of the object?
(4marks)
iv. The power of an eye when looking at a distant object should be 60 m–1.A person with
defective vision has a minimum power of 64 m–1.Calculate the focal length of the lens
required to correct this defect (2marks)
v. What type of lens is used? (1mark)
 vi. Name the defect. (1marks)
2.
i. State the laws of refraction of light. ( 2marks)

ii. A lamp is located centrally at the bottom of a large swimming pool, 1.8 m deep.
Draw a ray diagram to show where the lamp appears to be, as seen by an observer
standing at the edge of the pool. ( 3marks)
iii. At night, when the lamp is switched on, a disc of light is seen at the surface of the
swimming pool. Explain why the area of water surrounding the disc of light appears
dark. ( 2marks)
iv. Calculate the area of the illuminated disc of water. ( 4marks)
(refractive index of water = 1.33)

3. Read the following passage and answer the accompanying questions. The Irish Low
Frequency Array, or I‐LOFAR, is part of a 150 million network of radio telescope
stations spread across seven European countries. It detects radio waves with
wavelengths between 1.3 m and 30 m. The system is used to study celestial objects
such as the Sun, black holes, magnetic fields and emerging galaxies in the early
universe. I‐LOFAR links into the international LOFAR network, which comprises
thousands of antennae that record measurements at the lowest frequencies that can be
observed from the Earth. This network comprises 51 stations and is the largest virtual
radio telescope dish in the world; it has a diameter of 2000 km. Each station connects
to a central core in the Netherlands via high‐ speed fibre optic cable.I‐LOFAR is run
by a consortium of Irish astrophysicists, software engineers and data scientists. It is
located at Birr Castle which has a long history in astronomy. In 1845 the 3rd Earl of
Rosse built the 15‐metre long Leviathan, which was the biggest optical telescope in
the world at the time and which remained so for 75 years. It was a reflecting telescope
that contained a concave mirror with a focal length of 16 m.

An example of a modern telescope is the Hubble telescope, which is in low Earth orbit 570
km above the ground. It undergoes 15.1 orbits per day. Hubble’s position allows it to take
extremely high‐resolution images. Adapted from rte.ie and nasa.gov

a. Calculate the minimum frequency of the radio waves detected by I‐LOFAR . (2marks)
b. Draw a diagram of the magnetic field around the Earth (4marks)
c. Explain how information is transmitted using optical fibres. (3marks)
d. Calculate the position of the image of a person standing 75 cm from the Leviathan
mirror. ( 2marks)
e. Where, with respect to the concave mirror, will an image of the moon be formed?
Justify your answer. (2marks)
f. A concave mirror can also be used as a microscope to magnify images. Draw a ray
diagram to show the formation of an upright, magnified image in a concave mirror.
( 4marks)
g. Calculate the velocity of the Hubble telescope as it orbits the Earth. (2marks)
h. Name one optical phenomenon which reduced the effectiveness of the Leviathan and
which is eliminated by the location of the Hubble telescope. How does the location of
the Hubble telescope eliminate this problem? (2marks)
(radius of the Earth = 6400 km)