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Mathematics
Fourth Quarter
Module 3: Week 3 – 5
Angles of Elevation and
Angles of Depression

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Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4, Week 3 - 5 Module 3: Angles of Elevation and Angles of Depression
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: GERTRUDES R. AMORES

Editor: JESUSA C.LOPEZ
Grammarian: BERNADETTE M. MIRANDA
Layout Artist: RYAN B. REDOBLADO
Subject Area Supervisor: OLIVER A. CAMPUGAN
Management Team: RONALD G. GUTAY
ESTELA B. SUSVILLA
MARY JANE J. POWAO
AQUILO A. RENTILLOSA
CRISTINA T. REMOCALDO
ADM Coordinator: RYAN B. REDOBLADO

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Carcar City Division

Office Address: Department of Education
Learning Resources Management Section
P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City, Cebu
Telefax: (032) 487 - 8495
E-mail Address: carcarcitydivision@yahoo.com

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 9
Mathematics
Quarter 4
Week 3 - 5 - Module 3

Angles of Elevation and

Angles of Depression

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Triangle

Trigonometry!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents
of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you
already know about the lesson to take.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways
such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This

aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify

your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help transfer
your new knowledge or skill into life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in
achieving the learning competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich
lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

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At the end of this module, you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
2. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
3. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
4. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
5. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
6. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
7. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What This Module is about?

In the lesson about the trigonometric ratios of special angles, you have illustrated the
special acute angles 300,450and 600. You have also studied how to evaluate the trigonometric
ratios of special angles. You were given a chance to do some activities that apply what you
learned in the lesson. Your understanding of this lesson and other previously learned
mathematics concepts and principles will facilitate your understanding of the succeeding
lessons.

In this module, we will illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression; and use
trigonometric ratios to solve real-life problems involving right triangles.

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 What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression ( M9GE – IVd – 1 );

2. use trigonometric ratios to solve real-life problems involving right triangles.
(M9GE – IVe – 1).

What I Know

PRE – ASSESSMENT
Let us find out first what you have already known about the content of this module. Read each item carefully
and try to answer all items. Take note of the items/questions that you were not able to answer correctly and
review them as you go through this module for self correction.
1. What is the length of the hypotenuse of a 300-600-900 triangle if the shorter leg is 12 cm?
A. 12 cm C. 6 cm
B. 24 cm D. 36 cm
2. With respect to the given angle, what is the ratio of the hypotenuse to the opposite side?
A. sine B. cosine C. tangent D. cosecant

3.Which of the following statements is correct?

A. x = 8 C. sin 60° = y/ 4
B. sin30° = 1/ x D. cos 60° = 4 /x

4.Given the figure on the right, which refers to the angle of depression?
A. ∠MKN C. ∠LKN
B. ∠MKL D. none of these

5.In the triangle PQR, what is the length of PQ?

A. 1 cm C. 9 cm
B. 5 cm D. 12 cm

6. What is the value of x?

A. 3 C. 6
B. 3 √2 D. 6 √2

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 7.With the sun, a girl 1.4 m tall casts a 3.6 m shadow. Find the angle of elevation from the
tip of the shadow to the sun. Express your answer to the nearest degree.
A. 19° B. 20° C. 21° D. 22°

8. If p = 30 and q = 60, what is the measure of ∠R?

A. 40° C. 60°
B. 55° D. 65°

9.What side of a right triangle opposite the 900 angle?

A. hypotenuse C. base of the triangle
B. altitude D. none of these
10. A kite held by 125 m of string makes an angle of elevation with the ground of 45°.
About how high is the kite above the ground?
A. 62.8 m C. 88.4 m
B. 75.1 m D. 113.6 m

Lesson
ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND
1 ANGLE OF DEPRESSION

As you go through this lesson, analyze these situations:

“Suppose you are on top of a mountain looking down at a certain village, how will you directly
measure the height of a mountain? An airplane is flying a certain height above the ground.
Is it possible to find directly the distance along the ground from the airplane to an airport using
a ruler?” The trigonometric ratios as you learned in the previous lesson will help you answer
these questions.

Perform the succeeding activities to apply these concepts in solving real-life problems.
If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the assistance of your older sibling/s
or refer to another book reference and go over to the page where the topic is being discussed .

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 What’s In

Activity 1: Look Up! Look Down!

Directions: Follow the steps below and answer the questions

that follow.

• Use a tape measure to measure the distance between your eyes and feet.
• Move around the room and find an object that is at the exact height as your
eyes and label.
• Go outside the room and make an illustration of:

a. Tall objects/structures

b. Short objects/structures

Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Describe the illustration or picture you have created from the activity.
3. What mathematical concepts did you learn from the activity? When you look
up to tall objects, is there an angle formed? What about when you look down?
4.Do you think you can directly measure the height, the distance of the object
you have listed in the activity?

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 What’s New

Solving real-life problems involving right triangle requires knowledge of some

significant terms, such as line of sight, angle of elevation and angle of
depression.

Line of sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer

to the object being observed.
Angle of elevation is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight
of the observer to the object above
The angle of depression is the angle from the horizontal to the line of
sight
Of the observer to the object below

What’s More

Activity 2: Identify Me!

In the following figures, identify the segment that represents the line of sight,
and identify the angles (if any) that represent the angle of elevation or angle of
depression.

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Lesson REAL-LIFE PROBLEMS

2 INVOLVING
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

What to Know

The concept of trigonometric ratios which were discussed in the

previous lesson are essential in solving word problems involving right
triangles. Many real-life problems on right triangles can be anchored
on these concepts. Without knowledge of these concepts, you would
be in a dilemma learning the new lesson.

Before you proceed to the new lesson, let us recall these concepts through Activity
1 and 2.

Activity 1: The Perfect Match

Using figures 1 and 2, match each trigonometric concept found in Column A
with the correct ratio found in Column B.

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Questions:
1. Did you find the activity helpful? Why?
2. What guarantees that your answers are correct?
3. How did you get the correct ratios?

The previous activity assessed your knowledge on the concept of trigonometric ratios.
Now that you have recalled the different trigonometric ratios, you may proceed to the next
activity involving the concept of angle of elevation and angle of depression.

What is It
Activity 2: Who Am I?
In each of the following illustrations, identify whether angle A is an angle of
elevation or an angle of depression.

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Questions:

1.Did the activity help you remember the concept of angle of elevation
and angle of depression? How?
2. How do you differentiate angle of elevation from angle of depression?

In the last activity, you have recalled the concept of angle of elevation and
angle of depression. These concepts will be used in the next activity which
will require you to illustrate a real-life problem.

Problem 1.

A tower is 15.24m high. At a certain distance away from the tower, an observer
determines that the angle of elevation to the top of it is 410. How far is the observer
from the base of the tower?

Solution.
tan θ = opposite
adjacent A trigonometric ratio often helps us set up
an equation, which can then be solved for
tan 410 = 15.24 the missing measurements. if two legs of the
x triangle are part of the problem, then it is a
tangent ratio. If the hypotenuse is part of
tan 410 x = 15.24 the problem, then it is either a sine or
tan 410 tan 410 cosine ratio.

but tan 410 = 0.8693

x = 15.24
0.8693

xx == 17.53
17. 54meters
meters

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Problem 2:

An airplane is flying at a height of 4 kilometers above the ground. The distance

along the ground from the airplane to the airport is 6 kilometers. What is the
angle of depression from the airplane to the airport?

How To Solve Word Problems That Involve Angle of Elevation

And Angle of Depression
Step 1: Draw a sketch of the situation.
Step 2: Mark in the given angle of elevation or depression.
Step 3: Use trigonometry to find the required missing length or
angle.

Solution:
tan θ = opposite
adjacent

tan θ = 4 km.
6 km.

tan θ = 0.6667

= tan-1 ( 0.666 )

θθ==33.69
33.690
0

How To Solve Word Problems That Involve Angle of Elevation

and Angle of Depression:

Step 1: Draw a sketch of the situation.

Step 2: Mark in the given angle of elevation or depression.

Step 3: Use trigonometry to find the required missing length or angle.

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 What I Have Learned

Problem Solving
Read each of the following problems carefully and solve.

1. A bamboo pole is leaning against a tree. If the height of the tree is 12 meters
and the angle made by the pole and the ground is 400, what is the length of
the pole?

2. Martha is standing at 15 m from the base of a tree. From where he is

standing, he can see the top of the tree. If the tree is 15 m high and Martha
is 1 m tall, what is the angle of elevation of the top of the tree?

3. From the top of a lighthouse 29 m high, the angle of depression of an observer

To a boat is 28.50. How far is the boat from the lighthouse?

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 What I Can DO

Draw My Problem!
Objectives:
• To develop your accuracy in illustrating the pictures presented by the
information in the given word problem.
• To solve these problems applying the trigonometric ratios of right
triangles.
Materials:
Ruler, protractor, drawing material and scientific calculator
Directions:
1. Draw the picture presented by the information given.
2. Assume the building, ladder, etc. are on level ground.
3. Label your drawing.
4. Solve completely the needed information.
5. Clean, neat and accurate illustrations are necessary.

1. A bird sits on top of a 5-meter lamp post. The angle of depression from
the bird to the foot of an observer standing away from the lamp post
is 350. How far is the observer to the base of the lamp post?

2. A 4-meter ladder leans against a wall. If the foot of the ladder makes an
angle of 800 with the ground, how high up the wall does the ladder reach?

Rubric for Drawing and Solution

5 4 3 2

The drawing is The drawing is not The drawing is

The drawing is
accurately made accurately made but made but not
accurately made,
and appropriate. appropriate. appropriate.
presentable, and
appropriate.

Trigonometric ratio Trigonometric Trigonometric ratio Trigonometric

is accurately ratio is is accurately ratio is
formulated and formulated but are accurately
accurately
solved correctly not solved correctly. formulated but
formulated but not
all are solved are not solved.
correctly.

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 Post-Assessment

Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the correct answer. Write your answer
on your answer sheet.

1.Given the figure on the right, which refers to the angle of depression?
A. ∠MKN C. ∠LKN
B. ∠MKL D. none of these

2.Which of the following statements is correct?

A. x = 8
B. sin30° = 1/ x
C. sin 60° = y/ 4
D. cos 60° = 4 /x

3.What is the length of the hypotenuse of a 300-600-900 triangle if the shorter

leg is 12 cm?
A. 12 cm C. 6 cm
B. 24 cm D. 36 cm
4. What is the value of x?
A. 3 C. 6
B. 3√2 D. 6√2

5. With respect to the given angle, what is the ratio of the hypotenuse to the
opposite side?
A. sine B. cosine C. tangent D. cosecant

6. A kite held by 125 m of string makes an angle of elevation with the ground
of 45°. About how high is the kite above the ground?
A. 62.8 m C. 88.4 m
B. 75.1 m D. 113.6 m

7. A/An _______is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the
observer, to the object above.
A. Line of sight C. angle of depression
B. Angle of elevation D. imaginary angle

8. What side of a right triangle opposite the 900 angle?

A. hypotenuse C. base of the triangle
B. altitude D. none of these

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The angle of elevation of the top of a building from a point 30 meters
away from the building is 650,

9.What trigonometric ratio is used to solve the given problem?

A. sine B. cosine C. tangent D. cosecant
10.How high is the building?
A. 46.43 m C. 34.64 m
B. 64.34 m D. 43.46 m

Additional Activities

Formulate one (1) real-life problem on right triangles using practical situation
in your home or in school and present a solution applying trigonometric ratios
on right triangles. (Illustrate the formulated problem and show your solution.

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 Answer Key
Lesson 1

Pre- Assessment What’s More

1. B Activity 2: Identify Me
2. D
3. D Angle of Elevation Angle of Depression Line of Sight

4. A 1.- /O OA
5. B
2. / 0 - OY
6. B
3. / O - BO
7. C
8. C 4. - /O OX
9. A 5. /Q OP
10. C

Lesson 2

What To Know What Is It What I Have Learned

Activity 1 Activity 2: Who Am I Problem Solving
1. E 1. Angle of elevation
2. A 2. Angle of depression 1. X = 15.67 m.
3. B 3. Angle of depression 2. Θ ≈ 43.020
4. D 4. Angle of elevation 3. X = 15.75 m.
5. C 5. Angle of elevation

Post Assessment:

1. A
2. D
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. B

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References
Mathematics 9 – Module 7 – Triangle Trigonometry
Mathematics 9 – Learner’s Module ( K to 12 )
Mathematics III – SEDP Series

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of education – Carcar City Division (Learning Resources

Management Section)
P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City , Cebu
Philippines 6019
Tel. No. (032) 487 8495
Email Address : carcarcitydivision@yahoo.com

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