Central Government

 centralized system

 Governor or Captain-General

 King’s representative

 “little King”

 Commander in chief

 Royal Audiencia – supreme court

The Provincial and Municipal Government

 Alcaldias – province

Alcalde Mayor

 Town – “pueblo”

Gobernadorcillo “little Gobernador”

 Cabeza de barangay

Encomienda system- commission or reward given to those who help in colonizing,

Encomendero- holder of an encomienda; has right to collect taxes

Taxation During Spanish Control

1. Tribute- general tax paid by the Filipinos especially workers; 8 reales

a. 18 to 50 yrs old

b. carpenters, bricklayers, blacksmiths, tailors, and shoemakers

c. town workers

2. Sanctorium- for church, Christianity; 3 reales

-construction of churches, purchase of materials for religious celebrations

3. Donativo- intended for military, armed forces; half real

-military campaign of the government against the Muslims

4. Caja De Comunidad- constructions of improvement, roads, bridges; 1 real

-construction of roads, repair of bridges, improvement of public buildings

5. Servicio Personal- polos y servicios; forced labor system for all able-bodied males from 16 to 60
years old, 40 days annually, part of government are exempted to servicio personal and paying of
falla

Falla- fine to be paid to be exempted in polos y servicios

REVOLTS

1. Magalat Revolt- leadership by Magalat, in Cagayan, resented the payment of tribute and polos y
servicios
 2. Sumuroy Revolt- Agustin Sumuroy, Samar, against polos y servicios

3. Maniago/Pampanga Revolt- Francisco Maniago, against tributo and polos y servicios, rised
exploitation, abuse, unpaid workers

4. Malong Revolt- Andres Malong, maestoe de campo of Binalatongan, now San Carlos City, polos
y servicios abuse, Malong wanted to be the King of Pangasinan and succeded

TAX REFORM OF 1884, Royal Decree of March 6, 1884

2 IMPORTANTS PROVISIONS

1. Abolition of tribute replace to Cedula tax, cedula tax served as income and personal tax

2. Reduction of 40-+day annual forced labor to 15 days

The Founding Katipunan

 Dr. Jose Rizal

1. Noli me Tangere

2. El Filibusterismo

3. July 3, 1892 – La Liga Filipina

4. July 7, 1892 – Katipunan or KKK

 KKK – Kataastasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayam

 Andres Bonifacio – leader of Organization

 Emilio Jacinto – utak ng Katipunan/ brain of the Revolution

 Emilio Aguinaldo – has the control of the organization

American Era and Independence

 Cuba – one of the colonies of Spain.

 June 12, 1898

1. Philippine Independence

2. Emilio Aguinaldo

 December 10, 1898 - Treaty of Paris

 Mock war

Revolutionary Government

 Emilio Aguinaldo

 established a Revolutionary government

 first Filipino President

 Apolinario Mabini – adviser

  Malolos Congress – September 15, 1898

 Malolos Constitution

 Political Constitution of 1899

 First Republican Constitution

 Sovereignty of the People

 Basic civil rights

 Separation of Church and State

 February 4, 1899 - fighting erupted between US soldier and Philippine soldier.

 English – primary language

 William Howard Taft –first Governor / chief executive

 Philippine Bill of 1902 or Cooper Act -first law introduced by the Americans

 freedom of speech, press, assembly and religion

 William Jones – Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 or Jones Law

 Manuel L. Quzeon

 Sergio Osmena

 Tydings Mc. Duffie Law or Commonwealth Law

 March 24, 1934

 complete Independence of the Philippine Island