REVIEWER IN 27.

A vapor that is about to condense

THERMODYNAMICS 14. What form of energy refers to is called ___ vapor.
those a system possesses as a Answer: Saturated
whole with respect to some 28. A vapor that is not about to
1. The term “thermodynamics”
outside reference frame, such as condense is called ___ vapor.
comes from Greek words
potential and kinetic energies? Answer: Superheated
“therme” and “dynamis” which
Answer: Macroscopic form of
means ___.
energy 29. A substance that has a fixed
Answer: Heat power
chemical composition is known as
15. What refers to the portion of the ___ substance.
2. What law asserts that energy is a
internal energy of a system Answer: Pure
thermodynamic property?
associated with the kinetic
Answer: First law of
energies of the molecules? 30. What refers to the temperature at
Thermodynamics
Answer: Sensible energy which a pure substance changes
phase at a given pressure?
3. What law asserts that energy has
16. What is the internal energy Answer: Saturation temperature
quality as well as quantity?
associates with the phase of a
Answer: Second law of
system called? 31. What refers to the pressure at
Thermodynamics
Answer: Latent energy which a pure substance changes
phase at a given temperature?
4. What refers to the series of state
17. What are the only forms of energy Answer: Saturation pressure
through which a system passes
interactions associated with a
during a process?
closed system? 32. What is the amount of heat
Answer: Path
Answer: Heat transfer and work needed to turn 1 kg of the
substance at its melting point
5. How many independent
18. What states that if two bodies are from the solid to liquid state?
properties are required to
in thermal equilibrium with a third Answer: Heat of fusion
completely fix the equilibrium
body, they are also in equilibrium
state of pure gaseous compound?
with each other? 33. What is the amount of heat
Answer: 2
Answer: Zeroth law of needed to turn 1 kg of the
thermodynamics substance at its boiling point from
6. What is a process with identical
the liquid to the gaseous state?
end states called?
19. The first law of thermodynamics is Answer: Heat of vaporization
Answer: Cycle
the:
Answer: Law of conservation of 34. What refers to the amount of
7. What is a process during which
energy energy absorbed or released
the temperature remains
during a phase-change process?
constant?
20. What refers to the amount of heat Answer: Latent heat
Answer: Isothermal process
needed to raise the temperature
of an object by one degree Celsius 35. What is the latent heat of fusion of
8. What is a process during which
or 1K? water at 1 atm?
the pressure remains constant?
Answer: Heat capacity Answer: 333.7 kJ/kg
Answer: Isobaric process
21. What is the heat capacity of one 36. What is the latent heat of
9. What is a process during which
gram of a substance? vaporization of water at 1 atm?
the specific volume remains
Answer: Specific heat Answer: 2257.1 kJ/kg
constant?
Answer: Isochoric or Isometric
22. What refers to the measure of the 37. What refers to the point at which
process
disorder present in a given the saturated liquid and saturated
substance or a system? vapor states are the same or
10. What does the term “steady”
Answer: Entropy identical?
implies?
Answer: Maximum point
Answer: No change with mass
23. Entropy is measures in ___.
Answer: Joule/ Kelvin 38. What is defined as the direct
11. What is defined as a process
conversion of a substance from
during which fluid flows through a
24. What is the energy absorbed the solid to the vapor state or vice
control volume steadily?
during chemical reaction under versa without passing the liquid
Answer: Steady-flow process
constant volume conditions? state?
Answer: Enthalpy Answer: Sublimation
12. The sum of all the microscopic
form of energy is called ___.
25. When water exists in the liquid 39. The amount of heat required to
Answer: Internal energy
phase and is not about to raise the temperature of 1 kg of
vaporize, it is considered as ___ water through 1𝑜 𝐶 is called ___.
13. What type of system energy is
liquid. Answer: Kilocalorie
related to the molecular structure
Answer: Compressed or
of a system?
subcooled 40. The amount of heat requires to
Answer: Microscopic form of
raise the temperature of 1 pound
energy
26. A liquid that is about to vaporize is of water by 1𝑜 𝐹 is called ___.
called ___ liquid. Answer: BTU
Answer: Saturated
41. 1 British thermal unit (BTU) is
equivalent to how many joules?
Answer: 1054
42. The term “enthalpy” comes from
Greek “enthalpen” which means
___.
Answer: Heat
43. The “equation of state” refers to
any equation that relates the ____
of the substance.
Answer: Pressure, temperature
and specific volume
44. What is constant for a substance
that is considered
“incompressible”?
Answer: Specific volume or
density
45. If there is no heat transferred
during the process, it is called a
____ process.
Answer: Adiabatic
46. The term “adiabatic” comes from
the Greek “adiabatos” which
means _____.
Answer: Not to be passed
47. How is heat transferred?
Answer: All of the above
48. What states that the net mass
transfer to or from a system
during a process is equal to the
net change in the total mass of the
system during that process?
Answer: Conservation of mass
principle
49. How does an adiabatic process
compare to an isentropic process?
Answer: Both heat transfer = 0;
isentropic: reversible
50. What remains constant during a
steady-flow process?
Answer: Mass and energy
content of the control volume
51. Thermal efficiency is the ratio of:
Answer: Network output to total
heat input
52. What law states that it is
impossible to operate an engine
operating in a cycle that will have
no other effect than to extract
heat from a reservoir and turn it
into an equivalent amount of
work?
Answer: Second law of
thermodynamics
53. Which statement of the second
law of thermodynamics states
that no heat engine can have a
thermal efficiency of 100 percent?
Answer: Kelvin-Planck statement
54. What is the ratio of the useful heat
extracted to heating value?
Answer: Combustion efficiency
55. What is defined as the ratio of the
net electric power output to the
rate of fuel energy input?
Answer: Overall efficiency
56. What refers to the amount of heat
removed from the cooled space in
BTS’s for 1 watt-hour of electricity
consumed?
Answer: Energy efficiency rating
57. What law states that it is
impossible to build a device that
operates in a cycle and produces
no effect other than the transfer
of heat from a lower-temperature
body to a higher-temperature
body?
Answer: Second law of
thermodynamics
58. What statement of the second law
of thermodynamics states that it is
impossible to build a device that
operates in a cycle and produces
no effect other than the transfer
of heat from a lower-temperature
body to a higher temperature
body?
Answer: Clausius statement
59. A device that violates either the
first law of thermodynamics or the
second law of thermodynamics is
known as ____.
Answer: Perpetual-motion
machines
60. A device that violates the first law
of thermodynamics is called a
____.
Answer: Perpetual motion
machine of the first kind
61. Carnot cycle is the best-known
reversible cycle which was first
proposed in what year?
Answer: 1824
62. Who proposed the Carnot Cycle?
Answer: Sadi Carnot
63. The Carnot cycle is composed of
how many reversible processes?
Answer: 4
64. The Carnot cycle is composed of
____ processes.
Answer: Two isothermal and two
adiabatic
65. hat is the highest efficiency of a
heat engine operating between
the two thermal energy reservoirs
at temperature limits?
Answer: Carnot efficiency
66. What is a heat engine that
operates on the reversible Carnot
cycle called?
Answer: Carnot heat engine
67. What states that thermal
efficiencies of all reversible heat
engines operating between the
same two reservoirs are the same
and that no heat engine is more
efficient than a reversible one
operating between the same two
reservoirs?
Answer: Carnot principle
68. Who discovered the
thermodynamic property
“Entropy” in 1865?
Answer: Second law of
thermodynamics
69. A process during which entropy
remains constant is called ____
process.
Answer: Isentropic
70. “A reversible adiabatic process is
necessarily isentropic but an
isentropic process is not
necessarily reversible adiabatic
process. “This statement is:
Answer: True
71. The term “Isentropic process”
used in thermodynamics implies
what?
Answer: Internally reversible,
adiabatic process
72. What states that the entropy of a
pure crystalline substance at
absolute zero temperature is
zero?
Answer: Third law of
thermodynamics
73. “The entropy change of a system
during a process is equal to the
net entropy transfer through the
system boundary and the entropy
generated within the system”.
This statement is known as:
Answer: Entropy balance relation
74. What law states that entropy can
be created but it cannot be
destroyed?
Answer: Second law of
thermodynamics
75. Entropy is transferred by ____.
Answer: Heat
76. During an adiabatic, internally
reversible process, what is true
about the change in entropy?
Answer: It is always zero
77. Water boils when:
Answer: Its saturated vapor
pressure equals to the
atmospheric pressure
78. Which of the following is standard
temperature and pressure (STP)?
Answer: 0-degree Celsius and one
atmosphere
79. What is the value of the work
done for a closed, reversible
isometric system?
Answer: Zero
80. “At constant temperature, the
volume of a gas is inversely
proportional to the pressure”.
This is known as _____.
Answer: Boyle’s Law
81. Which of the following is the
mathematical representation of
the Charles’s Law?
Answer: V1/T1 = V2/T2
82. For heat engine operating
between two temperatures (T1 >
T2), what is the maximum
efficiency attainable?
Answer: Eff = 1 - (T2/T1)
83. An adiabatic process in which
there is no change in system
enthalpy but for which there is a
significant decrease in pressure is
called _____.
Answer: Throttling process
84. The low temperature reservoir of
the heat reservoir is known as
____.
Answer: Sink reservoir
85. A ____ is a flow in which the gas
flow is adiabatic and frictionless
and entropy change is zero.
Answer: Isentropic flow
86. What law states that one energy
from can be converted without
loss into another form?
Answer: Joule’s Law
87. Which is NOT a correct
statement?
Answer: An ideal gas is a gas that
is not a superheated vapor
88. The amount of heat energy per
kilogram that must be added or
removed when a substance
changes from one phase to
another.
Answer: Latent Heat
89. The change in physical size of a
substance when its temperature
changes.
Answer: Thermal expansion
90. The energy associated with
individual molecules in a gas,
liquid or solid.
Answer: Internal Energy
91. A plot of pressure vs temperature
for a given substance showing the
various phases possible for that
particular substance.
Answer: Phase diagram
92. _______ is the grand total of all
energies inside a substance.
Answer: Internal energy
93. ______ is a measure of the
average kinetic energy per
molecule in a substance.
Answer: Temperature
94. ______ the very small KE still
present in molecules at absolute
zero temperature.
Answer: Zero-Point Energy
95. _____ is a thermodynamic
potential which measures the
“useful” work obtainable froma a
closed thermodynamics system at
a constant temperature and
volume.
Answer: Helmholtz free energy
96. _____ is a thermodynamic
potential that measures the
“useful” or process-initiating work
obtainable from an isothermal,
isobaric thermodynamics system.
Answer: Gibbs free energy
97. All the energy we consume
ultimately becomes _____.
Answer: Heat
98. A _____ is a quantity whose value
at any state is independent of the
path or process used to reach that
state.
Answer: Point Function
99. A _____ is a quantity whose value
depends on the path followed
during a particular change in
state.
Answer: Path function
100. The contact surface shared by
both the system and the
surroundings is called ______.
Answer: Boundary
101. A closed system is also known as
________.
Answer: Control Mass
102. Open system is also known as
______.
Answer: Control Volume
103. The boiling of water into steam in
an open container is an example
of a/an _____ process.
Answer: Isobaric
104. When liquid water is converted to
steam at 100°C, the entropy of
water
Answer: Increases
105. Only energy can cross the
boundaries.
Answer: Closed System
106. Mixture of liquid and steam of the
same substance in which both are
at saturation temperature.
Answer: Wet Steam
107. The term ____ is traditionally used
to describe steam issuing from
condensate receiver vents and
open-ended condensate
discharge lines from steam traps.
Answer: Flash Steam
108. Defined as the ratio of weight of
dry steam to the weight of stuff.
Answer: Dryness fraction
109. Boiling temperature of a material
is dependent on its _______.
Answer: Pressure
110. Adiabatic heating and Adiabatic
cooling really mean _____ and
______ respectively.
Answer: raising the temp and
lowering the temp
111. The statement “Heat cannot by
itself flow from one body into a
hotter body” is governed by
_____.
Answer: b. The second law of
thermodynamics
112. It is impossible for any process to
have as its sole result the transfer
of heat from a cooler to a hotter
body
Answer: Clausius Statement
113. Gasoline and Diesel Engines are
best described by the _______.
Answer: Otto Cycle
114. A _____ is a reversible process in
which there is transfer of heat and
takes place according to the
relation pVn = C where n is any
constant.
Answer: Polytropic process
115. The most efficient cycle that can
operate between two constant
temperature reservoirs is the
_______.
Answer: Carnot Cycle
116. Who is the father
thermodynamics?
Answer: Sadi Carnot
117. If any one or more properties of
system change, the system is said
to have undergone a ______.
Answer: Process
118. Is a thermodynamic system that
operates continuously with only
energy (heat and work) crossing
its boundaries?
Answer: Heat Engine
119. ___________ is the temperature
at which liquids start to boil or the
temperature at which vapors
begin to condense.
Answer: Saturation Temperature
120. __________ is one which has a
temperature lower than the
saturation temperature
corresponding to the existing
pressure.
Answer: Subcooled Liquid
121. ________ is one which has a
pressure higher than the
saturation pressure
corresponding to the existing
temperature.
Answer: Compressed Liquid
of 127. _______ represents the highest
pressure and highest temperature
at which liquid and vapor can
coexist in equilibrium.
Answer: Critical Point
128. ______ is the difference between
the actual temperature of
superheated vapor and the
saturation temperature for the
existing pressure.
Answer: Degrees of Superheat,
°SH
129. ________ is the difference
between the saturation
temperature for the given
pressure and the actual sub
cooled liquid temperature.
Answer: Degrees of Sub cooled,
°SB
130. _______ is the percent by weight
that is saturated vapor.
Answer: Quality, x
131. ____ is the percent by weight that
is saturated liquid.
Answer: Liquid

122. _________ is a liquid at the

saturations which has
temperature equal to the boiling
point corresponding to the
existing pressure.
Answer: Saturated Liquid

123. ____________ is the name given

to a gaseous phase that is in a
contact with the liquid phase, or
that is in the vicinity of a state
where some of it might be
condensed.
Answer: Vapor

124. ________ is a vapor at the

saturation conditions (saturation
temperature and saturation
pressure).
Answer: Saturated Vapor

125. ___________ is a vapor having a

temperature higher than the
saturation temperature
corresponding to the existing
pressure.
Answer: Superheated Vapor

126. ________ is a combination of

saturated vapor and saturated
liquid.
Answer: Wet Vapor