Technological University of the Philippines

Ayala Boulevard, Ermita, Manila, Philippines

College of Engineering Electrical
Engineering Department

Electrical Apparatus & Devices, Lab

TOPIC

Submitted by:

Tristan C. Diocampo

Submitted to:

Engr. Jayson Jeffe B. Aquino

Date: 28/10/2021
 AIM

To study the speed control of DC Motor by field resistance Control. Draw the graph
between the armature current and motor speed by varying the field resistance.

THEORY

We know that the speed of shunt motor is given by:

N = (V-IaRa)/kФ

Where, Va is the voltage applied across the armature and φ is the flux per pole and
is proportional to the field current If... As explained earlier, armature current Ia is
decided by the mechanical load present on the shaft. Therefore, by varying Va and
If we can vary n. For fixed supply voltage and the motor connected as shunt we can
vary Va by controlling an external resistance connected in series with the armature.
If of course can be varied by controlling external field resistance Rf connected with
the field circuit.

Thus, for shunt motor we have essentially two methods for controlling speed,
namely by:

1. Varying armature resistance.

2. Varying field resistance.

Figure: Equivalent circuit for field control of DC motor

Speed control by varying field current:

In this method field circuit resistance is varied to control the speed of a d.c shunt
motor. Let us rewrite the basic equation to understand the method.

N = (V-IaRa)/kФ

If we vary I f, flux φ will change, hence speed will vary. To change If an external
resistance is connected in series with the field windings. The resistance is called the
shunt field regulator the field coil produces rated flux when no external resistance is
connected, and rated voltage is applied across field coil. It should be understood
that we can only decrease flux from its rated value by adding external resistance.
Thus, the speed of the motor will rise as we decrease the field current and speed
control above the base speed will be achieved. Speed versus armature current
characteristic is shown

Figure: Torque speed characteristics of DC motors

 PRETEST

PROCEDURE

Connect all dots in the following manner:

(a) A to K
(b) A to Y
(c) A to J
(d) B to P
(e) E to M

(f) F to D
(g) G to R

(h) H to I
(i) I to C
(j) C to H
(k) Q to L
Then Check the connections by clicking on Check Button.

If it shows alert "Incorrect Corrections" then press reset button and make
connection again.

If it shows alert “Correct Connections" then Turn On the MCB.

Then set the Voltmeter first with the help of the second slider.

Now, move the first slider to get corresponding values of Ammeter and
Speedometer.

Press the "Add to table" button to insert the values in table.

After inserting values on table click on "Plot graph" to get your required graph.
POSTTEST
REFERENCE:

1. N. Mohan, Electric Machines and Drives: A First Course, Wiley, 2012.

2. A. Veltman, D.W.J. Pulle, and R.W. DeDoncker, Advanced Electrical Drives:
Analysis, Modeling, Control, Springer, 2011.
3. J.L. Kirtley, Electric Power Principles: Sources, Conversion, Distribution, and
Use, Wiley, 2010.
4. A. Veltman, D.W.J. Pulle, and R.W. DeDoncker, Fundamentals of Electrical
Drives, Springer, 2007.
5. I. Boldea and S.A Nasar, Electric Drives, CRC Press, 2nd ed. 2006.
6. J. Chiasson, Modeling and High Performance Control of Electric Machines,
Wiley-IEEE, 2005.
7. P.C. Krause, O. Wasynczuk, and S.D. Sudhoff, Analysis of Electric Machinery
and Drive Systems,IEEE Press, 2nd ed. 2002.
8. B. Amin, Induction Motors: Analysis and Torque Control, Springer, 2002.
9. N. Mohan, Advanced Electric Drives: Analysis, Control and Modeling using
Simulink , published by MNPERE (www.MNPERE.com), 2001.
10. W. Leonhard, Control of Electrical Drives, Springer, 3rd ed. 2001.

CONCLUSION AND OBSERVATION

This is experiment is very interesting, it has discussed the Speed control by

varying field current and shown how to make the graph between the armature
current and motor speed by varying the field resistance, the disadvantages of the
field-control method of speed control, the disadvantage of the Ward-Leonard
system and the procedures in the simulation of connections.

The experiment’s simulation was fun to do, by inserting different values of field
resistance or armature resistance we can observe the visible speed controls from
the front view of the D.C motor and with enough inputs or values it can be graphed
by speed and current. This experiment is a step up from the previous one’s while
being more and more interesting one after another.