PAPER

ENGLISH SUBJECT
Prepared for:
MS. KARTIKA S, M.Pd

Prepared by :
ATIKA VERONIKA EFFENDY
(1821020482)

STUDY PROGRAM OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

FACULTY OF SHARIA
RADEN INTAN STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, LAMPUNG
2022
 PART 1
PASSIVE VOICE
Passive voice is a quality of a verb that describes when the subject of a sentence is acted upon
by the verb(The Writing Center). The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or
object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. In
other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence.

Tenses Positive Negative Interrogative Description

Sentence Sentence Sentence
Simple Present Object + be (am, Object + be (am, Am/is/are + Passive
Tense is, are) + past is, are) + not + object + V3 sentence on
participle/V3 past participle/V3 e.g = Is your the object
e.g = Your e.g = Your motorcycle and puts the
motorcycle is motorcycle is’nt stolen by Dewi? subject as
stolen by Dewi stolen by Dewi the
recipient. In
the present
simple
passive
sentence, the
verb used is
the past
participle
form.
Simple Past Object + Object + Was/were + Passive
Tense were/was+ verb 3 was/were + not + object+verb 3 sentences in
e.g = The noodle verb 3 e.g = Was the the simple
was cooked by e.g = The noodle noodle cooked past tense
Lia wasn’t cooked by by Lia? are formed
Lia by the
auxiliary
verb
'was'/'were'.
'Was' is used
for singular
subjects (I,
She, He and
It), while
'were' is for
plural
subjects
(You, We
and They)
Simple Future Object + Object + Will/shall + Simple
Tense Will/shall + be + Will/shall + not + object + be + Future
Verb 3 be + Verb 3 Verb 3 Tense is to
state or
 e.g = You will be e.g = You will not e.g = Will the explain, tell,
given a final be given a final final exam be or ask for
exam tomorrow exam tomorrow given events that
tomorrow? will happen
in the future.
Simple Object + To be Object + To be To be (am, is, Present
Continuous (am,is,are) + (am,is,are) + not are) + Object + continuous
Tense being + V3 + being + V3 being + V3 passive
e.g = A letter is e.g = A letter is e.g = Is a letter sentences
being written by not being written being written by focus on
novy now by novy now novy now? things that
are being
done
Simple Perfect Object + Object + Have/has + the passive
Tense have/has + been have/has + not + Object + been + present
+ past been + past Verb 3 perfect tense
participle/Verb 3 participle/Verb 3 e.g = Has a gets an
e.g = A message e.g = A message message been additional
has been sent has not been sent sent already ? auxiliary
already already verb,
namely:
been.

QUESTION
1-6
Please change this sentence from active voice to passive voice!
1. Indah is listening to Korean music
Korean music is being listened by Indah
2. Rere has brought a good hat
A good hat has been brought by Rere
3. Lestari will buy the ticket concert tomorrow
The ticket concert will be bought by Lestari tomorrow
4. Silva has picked a guava yesterday
A guava had been picked by Silva yesterday
5. William will visit grandma next month
Grandma will be visited by William next month
6. We have tried this game last week
This game have been tried by us last week
7-11
Choose the correct answer below!
7. Vegetables for us to eat will ….. by my mother.
a. Cook
b. Cooked
c. Be cooked
 d. Being cook
8. You can see many beautiful paintings in my house. They were ……. by my father
a. Be painting
b. Been painting
c. Painted
d. Being painted.
9. Our new restaurant …… by a well known architect.
a. Be designing
b. Is designed
c. Design
d. Is being designed
10. The important email has …. by my secretary.
a. Been sent
b. Sent
c. Being sent
d. Be sent
11. Aisyah cleanes the floor
a. The floor has cleaned by Aisyah
b. The floor is being cleaned by Aisyah
c. The floor is cleaned by Aisyah
d. The floor was clean by Aisyah
12-14
Change the sentences below into passive voice interrogative!
12. Basic English is being learned this month.
Is basic English being learned this month?
13. English has been studied by us for 3 years
Has English been studied by us for 3 years?
14. Some poems were not written by Johny last month.
Were some poems written by Johny last month
15-17
Change the passive voice sentences below into negative sentences!
15. Football will be played by him
Football will not be played by him
16. The documents will be prepared by my secretary
The documents will not be prepared by my secretary
17. The next video is being recorded
The next video is being recorded
18-20
Identify the type of passive voice below
18. Her dress was washed by Rahma
a. Simple past tense
b. Simple present tense
 c. Simple continuous tense
d. Simple future tense
19. We shall be threaten by him kindly
a. Simple past tense
b. Simple present tense
c. Simple future tense
d. Simple perfect tense
20. The job is being finished by Maria
a. Present perfect tense in passive voice
b. Simple Past tense in passive voice
c. Present continuous tense in passive voice
d. Simple future tense in passive voice
 PART 2
COMPARISON DEGREE
An English, degree of comparison is a type of adjective that is used to compare a person or
thing possessing the same quality with another. The adjective or adverb in the sentence is
related to the noun. The Collins Dictionary defines the 'degree of comparison' as the listing of
the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of an adjective or adverb.This is used to
make comparisons between nouns having comparable quality or qualities.
As with other grammatical elements in English, there are some rules and points to keep in
mind when using comparison levels.The first thing to remember about comparative degrees is
that they are used to compare adjectives and adverbs. Positive comparison is the basic form
of an adjective or adverb and cannot be compared. The degree of comparison is used to
compare two nouns that have or do not have the same properties. This is usually indicated by
adding "-er" at the end of the adjective. The degree of comparison of a comparison is always
indicated by adding "more" after the comparative form of the adjective. Best comparison is
used to show which noun has the highest or lowest quality. This is indicated by using the
article "the" before the adjective and adding "-est" at the end of the adjective. If you are using
comparative comparatives or superlatives, be sure to include additions in the sentence.
In English grammar, there are three degrees of comparison and they are,
 Positive Degree of Comparison
 Comparative Degree of Comparison
 Superlative Degree of Comparison
Positive Degree of Comparison
The positive degree of comparison is basically the original form of the adjective. This degree
does not allow you to make any comparison. It only gives the audience the information about
a particular quality possessed by a noun. This positive degree only states something in the
same ratio, so we can use the phrase "as .... as" to complete the sentence.
e.g
John looks as handsome as Wiliiam
Luna is as beautiful as her sister
This can also be applied in a negative context like that :
Luna is not as beautiful as her sister
Comparative Degree of Comparison
Comparative degree is used to compare two things in one sentence. Generally, when using
the comparative degree it is necessary to add the ending -er or -ier. For example, in the word
bright, you can change it to brighter. The comparative degree as an adverb can also be added
to the word more before the adjective, such as more angrily, more happily, and soon
e.g
The sun brighter than yesterday
Superlative Degree of Comparison
The superlative degree of comparison is the highest degree of comparison. It is used to
compare the similar qualities shared by more than two nouns. It shows which of these nouns
being compared has the greatest or least degree of the mentioned quality or qualities.
e.g
The last group was the best of all.
Suho is the richest man in this town.
QUESTION
1. My final exam is … than the old one.
a. Easy
b. Easier
c. Easiest
d. More easy
2. I don’t like chemistry, I think it’s the … subject for every student.
a. Harder
b. More hard
c. Hard
d. Hardest
3. I’m so impressed, your poetry is … than mine.
a. The best
b. Good
c. Better
d. More good
4. Which one is the … between My dress or yours ?
a. Best
b. Good
c. Beautiful
d. More good
5. Who is … (smart) in your group?
a. Smart
b. Smarter
c. The smartest
d. As smart as
6. The elephant is _______ (big) than zebra!
a. Bigger
b. The biggest
 c. As big as
d. Big
7. Lola: Do you think I am pretty?
Ben: Yes, but Intan is ______ than you.
Lola: Ok, fine.
a. More pretty
b. Prettier
c. The most pretty
d. The prettiest
8. My bag are …. than yours
a. Heavy
b. Heavier
c. Heaviest
d. More heavy
9. This road is the … in the town
a. Narrower
b. Narrow
c. More narrow
d. Narrowest
10-20
Fill the blank
10. Iam.... My brother
As smart as
11. Her smartphone is..... among her friends.
The most expensive
12. My painting is ... my brother’s
Worse than
13. She walks.... her sister
As quickly as
14. Veronica is than Eri.
Taller
15. Team A is .... among its rivals
The fastest
16. My brother drives .... than me.
Faster
17. Your flower is....than mine
More beautiful
18. Cindy is the ... girl in my class but she is not taller than her sister
Tallest
19. Joshua pays attention to me ... you do.
More than
20. She walks .... her sister.
as quickly as
 PART 3
IF CONDICIONAL SENTENCE
Conditional sentences are based on the word 'if'. There are always two parts to a conditional
sentence – one part starting with an 'if' to describe a situation that might occur, and the
second part explaining its consequences. There are 4 types of conditional sentences, each of
which uses a different tense. However, basically all conditional sentences consist of an if
clause and a main clause.Here, only 3 types will be discussed as follows:
Conditional Sentence Type 1
Conditional sentence type 1 is used to express something that is very likely to happen in the
future if we do something.
Formula:
 If + simple present tense, simple future tense
 Simple future tense + if + simple present tense
Example : I will buy a new bike if I pass the exam.
Conditional Sentence Type 2
Conditional sentence type 2 is used to express something that is unrealistic or very unlikely to
happen. Therefore, this type is suitable for expressing our dreams.
Formula:
 If + simple past, present conditional
 Present conditional + if + simple past
Example:
If I lived in Seoul, tonight I would go to that concert. (In fact I don’t live in Seoul, so I
can’t go to that concert)
Conditional Sentence Type 3
Conditional sentence type 3 is used to convey presuppositions for events that have occurred
in the past. Because it has already happened and cannot be changed in reality, we can only
state what will happen if the event goes differently from reality.
Formula:
 If + past perfect, perfect conditional
 Perfect conditional + if + past perfect
Example:
If I had left my house earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.
QUESTION
1-8 ( type 1)
Choose one of all option that true!
1. If you come to my house, I… cake for you.
a. Will cook
b. Will be cooked
c. Will cooked
d. Will cooking
2. If I tell the truth, … hurt?
a. Will he gets
b. Will he get
c. He get
d. Will gets
3. If a customer … chocolate ice cream from the restaurant, he or she will get extra
toppings.
a. Orders
b. Order
c. Will order
d. Will orders
4. If you … study hard, you will not pass the exam
a. Didn’t
b. Doesn’t
c. Don’t
d. Did
5. If she …. , I won’t be angry.
a. Don’t come
b. Don’t comes
c. Doesn’t come
d. Doesn’t comes
6. If I can reach the target, my boss will give me reward
a. True
b. False
7. If I call you, will you come?
a. True
b. False
8. If you give me candy, I will give you money
a. True
b. False
9-15 ( Type 2)
9. I would be very angry if I were you
a. True
b. False
10. Our machine ... if we fixed it immediately.
a. Would be worked
b. Would work
c. Would be working
d. Would have worked
11. If I ... you, I’d just go there alone
a. Were
b. Did
c. Was
d. Will
12. I’d invite you to fly with me if I ... a Superman
a. Am
b. Been
c. Was
d. Were
13. If my father … me a new dress, I would … happy
a. Bought – Be.
b. Bought – Been.
c. Buy – Been.
d. Buys – Being.
14. I would buy a yacht if I … a lot of money.
a. Have.
b. Has.
c. Had.
15. My boss would … very pleased if I finished the job.
a. Be.
b. Been.
c. Was.
d. Were.
16-20Type 3)
16. They would have played football if the weather had …. Nice.
a. Be
b. Being
c. Been
17. If you had …. To the meeting yesterday, you would have met Shinta.
a. Came
b. Come
18. If they had taken him to hospital earlier, he …..
a. Would have die
b. Would have died
c. Wouldn’t have died
19. If I had …. You were coming, I would have prepared a delicious meal.
 a. Known
b. Knew
c. Knowed
20. If they had taken him to hospital earlier, he …..
a. Would have die
b. Would have died
c. Wouldn’t have died

PART 4
GERUND
A gerund is a noun form of a verb ending in -ing. Verbs are words that refer to actions or
states of being, and nouns are words that we use to refer to people, places, things, and ideas.
Like a verb and a noun, the gerund is a mix of two different parts of speech. It seems like a
verb, but behaves like a noun. For example, the word swimming is an example of a verb.We
can use the word swim in a sentence as a noun to refer to the act of moving in the water as in
I swim every day. When used in sentences, the gerund is treated as a singular noun (such as
he, she, and it). A gerund phrase is a phrase that includes a gerund, its objects, and its
modifiers. Gerunds can take objects or be modified by adverbs. Just like nouns, gerund
phrases are treated as nouns in sentences. The sentence I love carefully collecting action
figures refers to the action figures that I carefully collect.
To change a verb to a gerund, you just need to add -ing to the base form of the verb. The
basic forms are the verb forms you will find if you look up verbs in our dictionary. Here are
some things to consider when making a gerund.
 Unless the verb ends in -ee or -ie, we drop the -e ending in the verb before adding -ing
as in joke, take, and make.
 If the verb ends in -ee, add -ing as usual as in agree, escape, and see.
 If the verb ends in -ie, replace it with -y before adding -ing as in lie, tie, and die.
As with the present participle, sometimes we double the last consonant when we make the
gerund. For example, a gerund run is running. In general, these are the rules for when to
double a final consonant to form a gerund:
 If a one-syllable verb ends in a consonant-vowel-consonant, double the final
consonant, as in plucking, cutting, blurring, and twisting.
 Rule 1 is ignored if the verb ends in –w or –y as in knowing or playing.
  For longer verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant, we only double the last
consonant if the last syllable is stressed
Stressed: omitting, referring, forgetting
There are two kinds of gerunds, namely:
 Gerund/simple gerund
Pure gerund. e.g = swimming
 Gerund phrase
Gerund that following by object. e.g = writing a novel is my hoby
Function of gerund :
 Subject of sentence (subject sentence).
Example sentence: Smoking is not good for our health.
 Subjective complement (subject complement).
Example sentence: His hobby is reading.
 Objective complement (object complement).
Example sentence: He enjoys pregnant.

QUESTION
1-10
Fill the blank in sentence bellow with gerund
1.Indah enjoys... Korean music (listen)
 Listening
2. Rei helped Niha .... her homework. (do)
 Do
3. At campus, the students are not allowed ..... (smoke)
 Smoking
4. Lukas considered... In Australia (study)
 Studying
5. Ria is saving money ..... Photocard idol. (buy)
 To buy
6. We waited ..... a movie ticket. (buy)
 To buy
7. The following questions are difficult ..... (answer)
 To answer
8. Would you mind ..... this food for my best friend? (send)
  Posting
10.My room needs... (Clean)
 Cleaning
11-13
Please choose one (right answer)!
11.We discussed …… (go) to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at home.
a. Going
b. Go
c. To go
12. She delayed ……. (get) out of bed.
a. Get
b. Getting
13. We hope … (visit) Amsterdam next month.
a. Visiting
b. Visit
c. Visited
14-20
Film The blank
14. We insist on ………… (cook) the dinner ourselves.
Cooking
15. I don’t fancy ………… (go) out tonight.
Going
16. She avoided ………… (tell) him about her plans
Telling
17. She is good at ………….(dance) .
Dancing
18. He is crazy about………….. (sing) .
Singing
19.He decided …………. (study) biology.
To study
20.I dislike ………….. (wait)
Waiting
 REFERENCES
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81493085318?pwd=d0dTdkl3YUhKNWJEREFsS1ZTV1N0UT09
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