Earth Science

QUARTER 1 / TOPIC 1 / CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTH THAT ARE NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE

CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTH oThe regions of the surface,

atmosphere, and hydrosphere of
TOPIC OUTLINE the earth (or analogous part of
1 Introduction other planets) occupied by living
2 Temperature organisms.
3 Water → Atmosphere
4 Atmosphere o The envelope of gases surrounding
5 Energy the earth or another planet.
6 Nutrients
TEMPERATURE
INTRODUCTION

→ It has an effect on how fast atoms,

molecules, or organisms move.
→ Low temperatures cause chemical
reactions to slow down and produce ice,
making liquid water unavailable.
→ High temperatures can cause important
biological molecules to break down.
EARTH → Temperature on earth is just right for
→ Earth has been existing 4.543 billion life.
years.
EARTH’S SUBSYSTEMS WATER
→ Everything in Earth's system can be
placed into one of four major
subsystems: land, water, living things, or
air. These four subsystems are called
"spheres."  → It is an essential component of many
→ Specifically they are:
biological processes.
o Lithosphere (land)
→ The absence of this will interfere with
o Hydrosphere (water)
necessary life reactions. However, the solid
o Biosphere (living things) form of this will make it difficult for living
o Atmosphere (air) organisms to use.
THE “SPHERES” → Water exists in a variety of forms on
→ Lithosphere Earth.
o The rigid outer part of the earth, → It is solid (ice) in the two poles and liquid
consisting of the crust and upper along the equator, allowing it to be
mantle. consumed by living organisms.
→ Hydrosphere
o All the waters on the earth’s ATMOSPHERE
surface, such as lakes and seas, and
sometime’s including the water
over the earth’s surface, such as
clouds.
→ Biosphere

STEM JUDE 1
Earth Science
QUARTER 1 / TOPIC 1 / CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTH THAT ARE NECESSARY TO SUPPORT LIFE

→ It offers significant protection from the o Oxygen and carbon cycle

Sun and the impact of small to medium- o Phosphate and nitrogen cycle
sized meteorites. → Volcanism also aids in nutrient cycling.
→ Carbon dioxide (C02) and methane (CH4) → Volcanism – the eruption of molten rock
are greenhouse gases that trap heat and from inside the earth to the surface. This
keep our planet from freezing. occurs because of Earth’s internal heat, and
→ Furthermore, the ozone (O3) layer is associated with tectonic processes and a
protects the Earth’s surface from harmful part of the rock cycle.
UV radiation.
→ The atmosphere provides necessary
chemicals such as nitrogen and carbon
dioxide which are essentials in sustaining
life.
→ The Earth’s size and distance from the
sun allow it to have the appropriate
amount of atmosphere. The presence of
gravity also aids in the preservation of its
atmosphere.

ENERGY

→ To support life on Earth, there is

abundant energy-rich sunlight.
→ Light is the source of energy for living
organisms such as plants and
photosynthetic bacteria.
→ Chemical energy is used by some
chemosynthetic organisms to support
various biological process.
→ The Earth’s position in relation to sun
allows it to capture an adequate amount of
sunlight.

NUTRIENTS

→ It is an important factor in the formation

and maintenance of an organism’s body
structure.
→ Nutrient deficiency or absence can
impede the synthesis of various biological
molecules.
→ Nutrient recycling exist on our planet.
→ Here are a few samples:
o Water cycle

STEM JUDE 2