BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis (English Literature Step-01)

A Gateway to English Literature  S M Shamim Ahmed 1
BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis (English Literature Step-01)

Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ covi cªwZ AvMªn m„wói Rb¨ G Avgvi GKvšÍ cÖqvm| BCS Preliminary-‡Z Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ As‡k 15 gvK©m eivÏ _v‡K
hv wcÖwj‡Z K…ZKvh© nIqvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ Riæix| wKš‘ GUv AZ¨šÍ cwiZv‡ci welq †h, Avgv‡ì AwaKvsk cwiÿv_©x Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨fxwZ †_‡K
GB As‡k h_vh_ cÖ¯‘wZ ‡bIqv †_‡K wb‡R‡ì weiZ iv‡L| ZvB BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis K‡i †Kvb Ask
†_‡K co‡j Avcwb mn‡RB 10-12 gvK©m Kgb cv‡eb Zvi GKUv we‡kølYag©x ZvwjKv wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv| English Literature ‡_‡K
†Kgb Questuion nq Zv jÿ¨ Kiæb |
1. Literary Terms /Figure of Speech (1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. The literary terms ‘Euphemism’ means – [38th BCS ]
Q. The repetition of beginning consonant sound is known as – [37th BCS ]
2. Literary Period (wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. ‘Jacobean Period’ of English Literature is refers to – [38th BCS ]
Q. ‘Restoration Period’ in English Literature refers to – [37th BCS ]
3. Quotation (wbwðZ 2/3 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. ‘Time held me green and dying
Though I sang in my chains like the sea.’ This lines have been quoted from– [41st BCS ]
Q. Man’s love is of man’s life a thing apart ,This woman’s whole existence– [40th BCS]
Q. ‘All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.’ – [40th BCS]
4. Character of famous writings (Play, poem, novel, and story) [ wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|]
Q. Shylock is a character in the play – [41st BCS]
Q. Who is the central character of ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emily Bronte? [40th BCS]
Q. Cordelia is a character of – [38th BCS]
5. Who is the author/writer? ( wbwðZ 2-3 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. The play ‘The Birthday Party’ is written by – [41st BCS ]
Q. ‘Ulyssess’ is a novel written by – [40th BCS ]
Q. The play ‘Arms & the Man’ is by – [35th BCS ]
6. What type / kind of writing is ..... (fvM¨ fvj n‡j 1 gvK© Kgb ‡c‡Z cv‡ib|)
Q. ‘Riders to the Sea’ is a – [35th BCS]
Q. ‘ The Rainbow’ is a – [13th BCS]
7. Who is called the father /poet of......? (Poet of nature / beauty) (wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. Who is known as ‘The poet of nature’ in English Literature – [36th BCS]
Q. Who is the greatest modern English dramatist? – [12th BCS]
8. Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï weL¨vZ †kvKMv_v Ges hvi g„Zÿ‡Z †jLv| (1 gvK© Kgb ‡c‡Z cv‡ib|)
Q.Tennyson’s ‘In Memoriam’ is an elegy on the death of – [40th BCS]
Q. P.B. Shelley’s ‘Adonais’ is an elegy on the death of – [37th BCS]
9. Real name & pen name of writers
Elaboration of the names of some famous Authors (GB 3wU UwcK †_‡K wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Homonymous / Nearly Homonymous Writings
Q. What is the full name of the greatest American writer O’Henry? [14th,13th BCS]
Q. Dr. Johnson’s full name is –
10. Find odd man / one out. (1 gvK© Kgb ‡c‡Z cv‡ib|)
Q. (a) George Eliot (b) Thomas Hardy [35th BCS]
(c) Joseph Conrad (d) James Joyce
Q. (a) The Bluest Eye (b) Sula [35th BCS]
(c) As I Lay Dying (d) A Mercy
11. Prominent English Poet Laureates. (GB 2 wU UwcK †_‡K 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Nobel Prize winners in Literature.
Q. Who among the following is not a recipient of the Nobel Prize in English literature?
Q. Who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2013?
12. Thematic Questions (GwUI 1 wU ¸iæZ¦c~Y© UwcK|)
Q. ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is Shakespeare’s play about – [36th BCS ]
Q. ‘Othello’ is Shakespeare’s play about – [35th BCS ]
13. Personal Information (Biography)
Q. William Shakespeare was born in – [40th BCS ]
Q. T.S .Eliot was born in – [13th BCS ]
14. KwZcq Bs‡iwR M‡íi evsjv Abyev`|
National Poets of Different Countries (GB 3wU UwcK †_‡K Kgc‡ÿ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡e|)
BCS Previous years questions
Q. The climax of a plot is what happens – [36th & 35th BCS]
Q. ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’ is written by – [37th & 36th BCS]
we:`ª: BCS English Literature As‡k GKUz fvj K‡i ¸wQ‡q preparation wb‡j Lye mn‡RB 10-12 gvK©m cvIqv m¤¢e|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avcbviv cixÿvi Question Pattern, Level of difficulty BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ¯^”Q aviYv †c‡q‡Qb| Dc‡i ewY©Z
Av‡jvPbv AbymiY Kiæb| cieZ©x As‡k Rvb‡eb wKfv‡e study Ki‡j mn‡R AšÍZ 95% cÖ‡kœi mwVK DËi w`‡Z mÿg
n‡eb|
The most important writers for 43rd & 44th BCS (Step-02)
1. **** William Shakespeare -------- [41st BCS, 40th BCS, 39th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th
BCS, 29th BCS, 28th BCS,16th BCS]
2. *** Christopher Marlowe ----------- [41st BCS, 40th BCS, 35th BCS]
3. *** Charles Dickens ------------------[41st BCS , 39th BCS , 36th BCS, 29th BCS]
4. ** Thomas Kyd ----------------------- [38th BCS]
5. *** William Wordsworth ----------- [36th BCS , 35th BCS]
6. *** S. T. Coleridge ------------------ [38th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS, 13th BCS]
7. *** W. B. Yeats ---------------------- [40th BCS,36th BCS,35th BCS]
8. *** Ernest Hemingway ---------------[37th BCS, 12th BCS, 11th BCS,10th BCS ]
9. *** John Keats -------------------------[40th BCS, 15th BCS]
10. *** George Bernard Shaw ----------- [41st BCS, 38th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th BCS, 12th BCS]
11. *** John Donne ------------------------ [40th BCS, 38th BCS]
12. *** Percy Bysshe Shelley ----------- [37th BCS, 28th BCS]
13. ** Jonathan Swift ---------------------- [38th BCS, 12th BCS]
14. ** Alexander Pope --------------------- [40th BCS, 38th BCS, 16th BCS]
15. ** John Milton --------------------------[38th BCS]
16. ** T.S. Eliot--------------------------- [41st BCS, 37th BCS, 35th BCS, 17th BCS, 13th BCS]
17. ** Thomas Gray --- -------------------- [36th BCS, 35th BCS]
18. ** Alfred Lord Tennyson-------------- [41st BCS, 40th BCS]
19. ** Robert Browning --------------------[37th BCS, 17th BCS, 11th BCS]
20. ** Ben Jonson --------------------------- [37th BCS, 15th BCS]
21. ** Thomas Hardy----------------------- [36th BCS]
22. * William Blake------------------------- [15th BCS]
23. Thomas Kyd ---------------------------- [38th BCS]
24. James Joyce ---------------------------- [40th BCS]
Avoiding Risk
25. George Orwell
26. Toni Morrison
27. Joseph Conrad
28. Geoffrey Chaucer
29. Lord Byron
30. Mathew Arnold
31. Sir Thomas More
32. Edmund Spenser
33. John Dryden
34. Daniel Defoe
35. Chinua Achebe
36. Jane Austen
37. Henry Fielding
Literary Terms
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Literary Terms ‡_‡K 1 gvK© Av‡mB | Literary Terms (Aj¼vwiK kã) n‡jv English Literature
Gi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨/¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask| mvwnZ¨Kg© iwPZ nq mvwnwZ¨‡Ki cÖÁvq, B”Qvq Ges †m”QvPvwiZvq| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ ‡hgb
Q›`, bvUK, Dcb¨vm, ‡QvUMí BZ¨vw` mvwnwZ¨K Terms i‡q‡Q, Abyiæcfv‡e Bs‡iwR mvwn‡ZÏ A‡bK Terms i‡q‡Q hv
‘Literary Terms’ bv‡g cwiwPZ| we.wm.Gm wek^we`¨vjq fwZ©mn cÖvq me cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cix¶vq Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ As‡k
Literary Terms ‡_‡K cÖkœ _v‡K| ZvB Literary Terms ¸‡jv AvqË¡ Kiv Acwinvh©|
 Alliteration: ( AbycÖvm ) : (37Zg wewmGm )
Alliteration kãwU j¨vwUb kã ÒLitteraÓ ‡_‡K G‡m‡Q hvi A_© - Òletter of the alphabet.Ó hLb ci¯úi Lye KvQvKvwQ
Ae¯’vbiZ k‡ã e¨ÄbeY© mg~‡ni cybt cybt eënvi nq (D”PviY aŸwb‡Z) ZLb Zv‡K Alliteration ev AbycÖvm ejv nq|
mvaviYZ e¨ÄYe‡Y©i ‡¶‡Î Ges k‡ãi Avw`‡Z eënvi n‡j Zv‡K G¨vwjUv‡ikb ejv n‡q _v‡K| (The repetition of a
consonant sound especially at the beginning of two or more words or within words. The words
can be adjacent or can be separated by one or more words.)
†hgbt
➢ Ruins seize thee, ruthless King! (Thomas Gray)
➢ Fair is foul, and foul is fair. ( Macbeth: William Shakespeare )
➢ Alone, alone,all,all alone,
Alone on a wide, wide sea! (Coleridge)
e¨vL¨vt 1 bs ev‡Kï GKB mvwi‡Z Òru’ Ges ÒthÒ -Gi cybive„wË N‡U‡Q, ZvB GwU Alliteration -Gi D`vniY|
✓ evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Anaphora - Gi eënvi t
iex›`ªbv‡_i Òelv©g½jÓ KweZvq †`Lv hvq :
†KZKx †Kk‡i †Kkcvk K‡iv myiwf
¶wY KwUZ‡U Mvuw_ j‡q c‡iv Kiex|
Avevi,
I‡i wen½, I‡i wen½ †gvi,
GLb AÜ, eÜ K‡iv bv cvLv|
✓ bRiæ‡ji weL¨vZ Õwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq †`Lyb:
f‚‡jvK `~‡jvK †MvjK †fw`qv
bRiæ‡ji GB PiYwU‡Z Ahy³ e¨ÄY¸”Q Ô‡jvKÕ aŸwbi µg iÿv K‡iB evi evi D”PvwiZ n‡q Abycªv‡mi m„wó n‡q‡Q|
➢ Samuel Taylor Coleridge Gi Ò The Rime of the Ancient Mariner KweZv ‡_‡K
ÒThe fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,
The furrow followed free;
We were the first that ever burst
Into that silent sea.Ó
Alliteration- Gi cÖavb êwkó¨vewj:
1. GLv‡b GKB cÖKvi eY©, D”PviY ev kãvs‡ki cybive„wË NU‡e|
2. GB cybive„wË mvaviYZ k‡ãi cÖ_g w`‡K _vK‡e|
3. kã¸‡jv nq ch©vqµwgK bv nq cÖvq ch©vqµwgK n‡e|
4. Alliteration Avgv‡ì Kv‡b Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨ Av‡e`‡bi m„wó K‡i|
More Examples :
➢ But a better butter makes a batter better.
➢ A big bully beats a baby boy.
➢ Sick soul to happy sleep. (P. B. Shelley)
➢ Peter picked a peck of pickled peppers.

Grammar:
The word ‘Alliteration is an uncountable noun ; Adjective: Alliterative ; Adverb: Alliteratively .
 Allegory (iƒcKag©x iPbv/ cÖwZKvkªqx Kvwnbx)
Allegory kãwU wMÖK kã Ò allegora Ó ‡_‡K G‡m‡Q hvi A_© - Òspeaking in another way (Ab¨fv‡e ejv)Ó. cÖavbZ
K_vmvwn‡Z¨ GKwU M‡íi Avov‡j ‡jLK hLb Ab¨ GKwU Mí e‡j Zv‡K Allegory ejv nq| evsjvq GwU iƒcKag©x mvwnZ¨
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| (The term ‘Allegory’ is dervied from Greek ‘allegora’ which means speaking in
another way. A literary form in which one story is told in the guise of another story.)
Allegory ‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K ÒA story within a story or a story of double meaning” A_©vr M‡íi g‡a¨ Av‡iK
Mí ev wØZ¡ A‡_©i Mí| †h‡nZz †jLK GLv‡b GKwU Mí‡K Avkªq K‡i Ab¨ GKwU Mí Zz‡j a‡ib|
Allegory memgq `yBwU A_© enb K‡i| h_vt-
1. Primary or surface meaning (gyL¨ ev evwn¨K A_© )
2. Secondary or symbolic meaning (†MŠY ev cÖZxKx A_© )
Allegory cÖavbZ 2 cÖKvi| h_v:
1. Historical and political allegory (HwZnvwmK Ges ivR‰bwZK A¨vwjMwi)
2. Symbolic allegory (fvev`‡k©i A¨vwjMwi)
More Examples:
➢ Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift
➢ The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser
➢ Animal Farm by George Orwell
➢ The Nun’s Priest’s Tale by Chaucer
➢ The Tempest by William Shakespeare
➢ The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan.
➢ Absalom and Achitophel by John Dryden .
Grammar: Singular countable noun ; Plural – Allegories ;
Adjective: Allegorical; Adverb: Allegorically.
 Elegy (‡kvKMv_v): (30Zg wewmGm )

Elegy kãwU wMÖK Ô ElegosÕ I j¨vwUb Ô ElegiaÕ kã †_‡K DrcwË jvf K‡i‡Q hvi A_© n‡jv ‘Lament’ ev †kvKµ›`b|
cÖvPxb wMÖK I †ivgvb mvwn‡Z¨ we‡kl (cici †n·vwgUvi I †c›UvwgUvi Pi‡Y) GwjRxq Q‡›` iwPZ KweZv‡KB elegy ejv
n‡Zv| GwjwR wQj Foot song hv g~jZ hš¿ m½xZ| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b g„Z e¨w³ ev †kvKven NUbvi ¯§i‡Y Kwei e¨w³MZ wejvcB
Elegy wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| (The word elegy derived from the Greek ‘Elegos’ and the latin word ‘Elegia’
which means lament. In ancient Greek literature it was foot song. In Greek and Latin poetry,
elgey refers to a special type of meter (Hexameters and pentameters). At present elegy refers to
a lyric poem of mourning for the death of an individual or lamenting over a tragic event.)
GwjwR KveïxwZwU Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï A½ n‡jI wcÖqRb we‡qv‡M ev †kvKven †Kvb g„Zy¨ NUbvq Kve¨wejvc iPbvi aviv c„w_exi
me©‡`kxq mvwn‡Z¨B cÖPwjZ| wKš‘ GB we¯§q †e`bv fvlvi ewntcÖKv‡k KZ bv êwPÎ¨gq! Ò In death we are all one but
in our respones to death how various!” GwjwR m¤ú‡K© K_vUv LyeB mv_©K| ZvB elegy-‡K ejv nq AvZ¥vi mvwnZ¨|
†hgb: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï weL¨vZ elegy-i bvg wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv:
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï weL¨vZ GwjwR/‡kvKMv_v

Writers Elegy (‡kvKMv_v ) On the death of whom
Alfred Tennyson In Memoriam Arthur Henry Hallam
Edmund Spenser Astrophel Sir Philip Sydney (Bswjk Kwe)
John Milton Lycidas (Pastoral Elegy) Milton’s Friend Edward King
Mathew Arnold Thyrsis Friend Arthur Hugh Clough
Mathew Arnold Memorial Verses Wordsworth, Byron, Goethe
Thomas Gray Elegy Written in a Country Fore Fathers
(Graveyard Poet) Churchyard (1751)
P.B. Shelley Adonais John Keats
W.H. Auden In memory of W.B. Yeats W.B. Yeats
John Dryden Heroic Stanzas on the Death of Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell
GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi elegy n‡jv Pastoral Elegy ev ivLvwjqv ‡kvKMv_v| K¬vwmK¨vj ivLvwjqv ‡kvKMv_v Kv‡e¨ ïay †kv‡Ki
KweZv bq Ab¨vb¨ welqI ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|
S.T.Coleridge- Gi g‡Z. ÒElegy is a form of poetry natural to the reflective mind A_©vr ms‡e`bkxj g‡bi
Mfx‡i AviI A‡bK welq Qvqv †dj‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: MÖvg¨ cÖK…wZ, †glcvj‡Ki Rxeb, AZxZ cyiv‡Yi RMr, kvk^Z Rxeb BZ¨vw`|
GLv‡b hvi g„Zÿ‡Z †kvKcÖKvk Kiv nq Ges †h †kvK cÖKvk K‡i Dfq‡KB †glcvjKiƒ‡c wPwÎZ Kiv nq| Pastoral Elegy-
Gi D™¢veK n‡jb cÖvPxb wmwmjxq Kwe w_IwµUvm| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ †hgb †kvKMv_v i‡q‡Q evsjv mvwn‡ZÏ †Zgwb †kvKMv_v
i‡q‡Q |
†hgb:
Ò‡Zvgvwi Av‡jv‡Z iwe kwk R¦‡j,
Ze i~c gvayh© MM‡b f~Z‡j,
Ze ‡cÖg ivM Kwi‡Q civM
weKvwk ü`q Kzmyg `‡j| (kvwšÍ - Kv`w¤^bx †Nvl)
Avevi iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zvui ‘¯§iY’ KweZvq wj‡L‡Qb-
ÒN‡i †gvi bvwn †Zvi †h Ag„Z im,
wek^ gv‡S cvB †mB nviv‡bv cik|Ó
Grammar:
Elegy is a noun ; Plural – Elegies ; Adjective: Elegiac .
 Oxymoron (we‡ivavj¼vi /wecixZvj¼vi)

Bs‡iwR oxymoron kãwU, MÖxK kã oxis Ges moros †_‡K 1657 mv‡j cÖ_gev‡ii gZ kãwU Bs‡iwR‡Z cÖPwjZ n‡q‡Q|
oxis A_© “sharp, keen, pointed" (avivj,Ávbx, Zxeª), Avi moros A_© ”dull, stupid, foolish"(Avnv¤§K,
†evKv)| A_©vr Oxymoron Gi A_© `vuov‡jv – “sharp-dull”, “keenly stupid”, or “pointedly foolish”
The word oxymoron is itself an example of an oxymoron. Oxymoron kãwU GKePb| Avi Gi enePb nj
Oxymora. Oxymoron Gi AvaywbK A_© `vuwo‡q‡Q - Ggb me kã¸”Q (mvaviYZ `yB kã) †h¸‡jv fxlYfv‡e ci¯úi
we‡ivax| A_©vr, `ywU ci¯ci we‡ivax kã GKwU gvÎ Awfe¨w³‡Z Ave× K‡i GKwU avuavi fveKí ˆZwi Kiv nq Zv‡K
oxymoron e‡j|
mnR K_vq, Oxymoron nj ev‡K¨ cvkvcvwk eëüZ `ywU ci¯ciwe‡ivax /wecixZag©x kã|
‡hgbt
He is irregularly regular in his attendence in the class.
Their love affair is an open secret .
Dc‡ii ev‡K¨ irregualarly regular GKwU Oxymoron | KviY e¨vcviUv hw` irregualar nq Zvn‡j regular wKfv‡e
n‡jv? Giv ci¯ci we‡ivax Ges kã `yBwU wecixZ A_© enb K‡i |
Ab¨ D`vniY :
He is a wise fool. GLv‡b wise fool ci¯ci we‡ivax |
AviI GKwU D`vniY w`‡j welqwU wK¬qvi n‡e All the politicians agreed to disagree. (Agreed & disagree)
Their love affair is an open secret. (open & secret )
He is irregularly regular in his attendance his class (irregularly & regular )
Dc‡ii evK¨¸‡jv c‡o mn‡RB Abygvb Kiv hvq , kã¸‡jv ci¯úiwe‡ivax | ZvB G¸‡jv oxymoron Gi D`vniY|
✓ More examples:
➢ I am looking for the original copy of my certificate.
➢ Guest host, wise fool,
➢ O miserable abundance, O beggarly riches. (John Donne)
➢ And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true. ( Alfred Tennyson)
➢ I like a smuggler. He is the only honest thief. (Charles Lamb)
➢ Living dead.
➢ He is constructively destructive.
➢ Why, then, O brawling love! O loving hate! (William Shakespeare)
➢ Great Depression .
➢ Alone in a crowd.
➢ It is a painful pleasure.
✓ evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Oxymoron - Gi eënvi t
Kwe iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi Mv‡b wj‡L‡Qb -
ÒPi‡Y Zvi wbwLj fyeb bxie MM‡b‡Z
Av‡jv-Avuavi AvuPjLvwb Avmb w`j ‡c‡Z|
GZ Kv‡ji fq fvebv ‡Kv_vq ‡h hvq m‡i,
fv‡jvg›` fvOv‡Pviv Av‡jvq I‡V fÕ‡i,Ó
GLv‡b Av‡jv-Avuavi I fv‡jvg›` kãhyMj cvkvcvwk eëüZ `ywU ci¯ci we‡ivax /wecixZ ag©x kã| ZvB GwU oxymoron
Gi D`vniY|
Avevi Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Zvui Ô cÖj‡qvjøvm Õ KweZvq wj‡L‡Qb-
✓ ÒH fvOv-Mov †Ljv †h Zvi Z‡e wK‡mi Wi?
‡Zviv me RqaŸwb Ki&|
ea~iv cÖ`xc Zz‡j ai&|Ó
Oxymoron ¸‡jv mvaviYZ Metaphysical poetry ‡Z eënvi Kiv nZ| GQvov eZ©gv‡bI KweZvq GUv eënvi nq|
D`vniY:
A careless shoe-string, in whose tie
I see a wild civility → (Delight in Disorder, by Robert Herrick)
Grammar: Oxymoron is a countable noun ; Plural –Oxymorons, Oxymora . Adjective:
Oxymoronic ; Adverb: Oxymoronically.
 Paradox (AvcvZ`„wó‡Z ci¯úiwe‡ivax wee„wZ/ K~Uvfvm)
Paradox n‡jv Ggb GKwU evK¨ hv ‡`LvgvÎ Avcwb confused n‡q hv‡eb| g‡b n‡e G information wU fyj| wKš‘ hLb
Mfxifv‡e wPšÍv Ki‡eb ZLb g‡b n‡e- wVKB ‡Zv Av‡Q| G RvZxq expression ¸‡jvB Paradox. A_©vr, Paradox n‡jv
AvcvZ`„wó‡Z ci¯úiwe‡ivax ‡Kvb wee„wZ hvi g‡a¨ †hŠw³K A_© jywK‡q _v‡K| (An apparently self-contradictory
statement that hides a rational meaning.)
Av‡iv mnR K‡i ewj, Avcwb fve‡Qb GK, Avm‡j welqUv Av‡iK, GB c¨vivi bvg Paradox. bvgwU ï‡bB c¨viv g‡b nq,
hwÌ Avm‡j welqwU ZZUv c¨vivi bv wKQzUv gRviI e‡U|
g‡b ivLvi mnR Dcvqt
g‡b ivL‡eb paradox Gi mv‡_ evsjv c¨viv K_vUvi wgj Av‡Q A_©vr ‡h welq Avcbv‡K c¨viv w`‡e ZvB Paradox.
Paradox- Gi c«avb ‰ewkó¨vewj:
1. AvcvZ`„wó‡Z ci¯úiwe‡ivax wee„wZ|
2. eûj¯^xK„Z gZ we‡ivax |
3. cÖ_‡g covi mgq D™¢U g‡b n‡jI c‡i GKwU hyw³MÖvn¨ A_© Avwe®‹…Z nq |
4. Paradox-G evwn¨K A_© wg_¨v wKš‘ AšÍwb©wnZ A_© mZ¨ nq|
5. GwU cvVK‡K cyiv‡bv fvebv‡K bZzbfv‡e fve‡Z eva¨ K‡i|
‡hgbt
➢ Child is the father of man. (wkïwU nj ‡jvKwUi evev|) (36Zg wewmGm)
(GwU Wordsworth Gi KweZv 'My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold' ‡_‡K ‡bqv)
cª_‡g ‡`‡L evK¨wU‡K fyj I Awek¦vm¨ g‡b n‡e| KviY AvcvZ`…wó‡Z ‡Kvb wkï evev n‡Z cv‡ibv| wKš‘ hLb Avgiv Mfxifv‡e
wPšÍv Kie ZLb mZ¨wU Luy‡R cv‡ev | Kwe ej‡Z ‡P‡q‡Qb AvR‡Ki wkïivB AvMvgxw`‡bi c«vßeq¯‹ gvbyl| A_©vr, Nywg‡q Av‡Q
wkïi wcZv me wkïiB AšÍ‡i| ZvB GwU Paradox.
wVK GKB K_v e‡j‡Qb evOvwj Kwe ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯Ídv | wZwb e‡j‡Qb,
"fwel¨‡Zi j¶ Avkv ‡gv‡ì gv‡S mšÍ‡i
Nywg‡q Av‡Q wkïi wcZv me wkïiB AšÍ‡i|Ó → ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯Ídv|
✓ More examples:
➢Sweet are the uses of adversity. (‡h‡Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡MI Kj¨vY wbwnZ _v‡K / K‡ói dj wgwó nq|)
➢More haste, less speed. (hZ ‡ewk Zvovû‡ov ZZ ‡ewk wcwQ‡q cov|)
➢The world will be saved by failure.
➢Ignorance is strength. (George Orwell)
➢I must be cruel only to be kind. (Hamlet-Shakespeare)
➢There is none as poor as a wealthy miser.
➢Cowards die many times before their deaths. (Julius Caesar )
➢The quarrels of lovers are the renewal of love. (Terence)
➢The golden rule is that there is no golden rule. (G.B. Shaw)
➢Silence is sometimes more eloquent than words. (Thomas Carlyle)
m‡µwUm e‡j‡Qb, "I know that I know nothing" (Avwg Rvwb †h Avwg wKQyB Rvwb bv)| GUv wKš‘ c¨vivW‡·i D`vniY|
‡KD hw` KL‡bv e‡jb- "Avwg wKQyB Rvwb bv", Z‡e GwU Aek¨B c¨vivW· n‡e| KviY wZwb ‡h wKQyB Rv‡bb bv, GUvI ‡Zv
wZwb Rv‡bb| Zvi gv‡b c¨vivW· n‡jv ci¯úiwe‡ivax e³e¨|
Grammar: Singular countable noun ; Plural – Paradoxes ;
Adjective: Paradoxical; Adverb: Paradoxically.
[
Oxymoron I Paradox-Gi cv_©K¨t (Distinction between Oxymoron & Paradox)

Basis for Comparison Oxymoron Paradox
Oxymoron is a combination of Paradox is a statement that hides a
msÁv two contradictory terms. rational meaning.
(Oxymoron nj ev‡K¨ cvkvcvwk (Paradox n‡jv AvcvZ`„wó‡Z ci¯úiwe‡ivax
eëüZ `ywU ci¯úi we‡ivax kã ) ‡Kvb wee„wZ hvi g‡a¨ †hŠw³K A_© jywK‡q _v‡K)
kãMZ cv_©K¨ ci¯úi we‡ivax kã `ywU kã cvkvcvwk ci¯úi we‡ivax kã¸”Q |
e‡m |
Oxymoron is a description of a Paradox is considered to be an action
GUv Kx? that is contradictory.
phrase, which is contradictory.
D‡Ïk¨ cvVK g‡b PgKcÖ` cÖfv‡ei m„wó Kiv| cvVK‡ì g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Kiv Ges bZzb wPšÍvi
D‡`ªK NUv‡bv|
D`vniY Truth is honey which is bitter. I want to die young at a ripe old age.
A Comparative study between Bengali & English Literature

(evsjv I Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Zzjbvg~jK cvV)
Zzjbvi welq evsjv mvwnZ¨ Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨
cÖvPxb hyM (650-1200) (450-1066)
ga¨hyM (1201-1800) (1066-1500)
AÜKvi hyM (1201-1350) (1400-1500)
AvaywbK hyM (1800-1860) (1901-1939)
Avaywb‡KvËi hyM (1860- eZ©gvb ) ( 1939- eZ©gvb )
Avw` Kwe jyBcv Caedmon (K¨vWgb)
Avw` wb`k©b Ph©vc` Beowulf (weDjd)
M‡`ï RbK CkîP›`ª we`¨vmvMi John Wycliffe (Rb DBwK¬d)
KweZvi RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Geoffrey Chaucer (wRI‡d« Pmvi )
cÖe‡Üi RbK ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævvcva¨vq Francis Bacon (d«vwÝm ‡eKb)
‡QvU M‡íi RbK iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Edgar Allan Poe (GWMvi A¨vjvb †cv)
Dcb¨v‡mi RbK ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævvcva¨vq Henry Fielding (‡nbwi wdwìs)
bvU‡Ki RbK `xbeÜz wgÎ William Shakespeare(DBwjqvg ‡k·wcqi)
m‡b‡Ui RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Sir Thomas Wyatt (m¨vi Ugvm IqvU)
AvaywbK mvwn‡Zï RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë G.B.Shaw (RR© evb©vW k)
gy`ªY wk‡íi RbK Pvj©m DBjwKbm William Caxton ( DBwjqvg Kv·Ub)
Kwe‡ì Kwe wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y Edmund Spenser (GWgÛ †¯úbmvi)
`ytLev`x Kwe hZx›`ª‡gvnb ‡mb¸ß Matthew Arnord (g¨vw_D Avibì)
we‡`ªvnx Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Lord Byron ( jW© evqiY)
RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg William Shakespeare (DBwjqvg ‡k·wcqi)
mgv‡jvPbvi Kwe CkîP›`ª we`¨vmvMi John Dryden ( Rb WªvB‡Wb)
gnvKv‡eï Kwe †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq John Milton (Rb wgëb)
cÖ_g gnvKve¨ ‡gNbvè`Kve¨ Beowulf (weDjd)
cÖ_g Dcb¨vm Avjv‡ii N‡ii `yjvj Pamela or Virture Rewarded
cÖ_g e¨½ iPwqZv cÖg_ †PŠayix Jonathan Swift (Rbv_b myBd&U )
cÖ_g mv_©K †kvKMv_v Elegy cÖfveZx m¤¢lY-CkîP›`ª we`¨vmvMi Lycidas - John Milton
PviY Kwe gyKz›` `vm William Shakespeare (DBwjqvg ‡k·wcqi)
mfvKwe myfvm gy‡Lvcva¨vq William Wordsworth (DBwjqvg IqvW©mIqv_©)
¯^M‡Zvw³i Kwe Rmxg D`&`xb Robert Browning (ievU© eªvDwbs)
wK‡kvi Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© John Keats (Rb KxUm& )
‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jv:
m‡b‡Ui RbK BZvjxq Kwe †cÎvK©
evsjv m‡b‡Ui RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv fvlvq BZvjxq m‡b‡Ui RbK cÖg_ †PŠayix
Bs‡iwR m‡b‡Ui RbK Sir Thomas Wyatt (m¨vi Ugvm IqvU)
Homonymous writings and the writers (mgRvZxq MÖš’ I ‡jL‡Ki bvg )

SL.No Homonymous writings Writer’s name Types of works
1  Antony and Cleopatra W. Shakespeare Play
 Caesar and Cleaopatra G.B. Shaw Play
2  An Ideal Husband Oscar Wilde Play
 The Modern Husband Henry Fielding Novel
3  Adonais P.B.Shelley Poem
 Venus and Adonais W. Shakespeare Poem
4  A Christmas Carol Charles Dickens Short Novel
 A Christmas Carol S.T. Coleridge Poem
5  A Midsummer Night’s Dream W. Shakespeare Play
 Midsummer Night John Masefield Poem
6  Arabian Nights Sir Richard Burton Fairy Tales
 New Arabian Nights R.L. Stevenson Short Story
7  A Passage to India E.M.Forster Novel
 A passage to England Nirad C. Chaudhuri Novel
8  A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens Novel
 A Tale of Two Parts Joseph Conrad Coll. of short stories
 A Tale of a Tub Jonathan Swift Fiction
 A Tale of the Pacific Ocean R.M. Ballantyne Adventure Fiction
9  A Way of the World V.S. Naipaul Novel
 The Way of the world William Congreve Play
10  Candida G.B. Shaw Play
 Candide Voltaire Satire
11  Crime & Punishment F. Dostoyevsky Novel
 Punishment Seamus Heaney Poem
12  Daffodils W. Wordsworth Poem
 Daffodils Ted Hughes Poem
 To Daffodils Robert Herrick Poem
13  The Death of the Hired Man Robert Frost Poem
 Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller Play
14  Every Man in His Humour Ben Jonson Play
 Every Man out of His Humour Ben Jonson Play
15  Endymion John Keats Poem
 Endymion John Lyly Play
16  Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad Novel
 Heart of the West O’ Henry Coll. of short stories
 The Heart of India Alexander Campbell History Book
17  Holy Living Jeremy Taylor a sermon in prose
 Holy Dying Jeremy Taylor (both)
18  Lord of the Flies William Golding Novel
 The Lord of the Rings J.R.R. Tolkien Adventure Fiction
19  Morte d’ Arthur Sir Thomas Malory Prose
 Morte d’ Arthur Alfred Tennyson Poem
20  Prometheus Bound E. B. Browning Poem

 Prometheus Unbound P. B Shelley Lyrical Drama
 Prometheus Unbound Aeschylus Play
21  Paradise Lost John Milton Epic
 Paradise Regained John Milton Epic
 The Earthly Paradise William Morris Epic
22  Preface to the Fables John Dryden Literary criticism
 Preface to Shakespeare Dr. Samuel Johnson Literary criticism
 Preface to the Lyrical Ballads W. Wordsworth Literary criticism
23  The Patriot Robert Browning Poem
 Patriotism Sir Walter Scott Poetry
24  The Rainbow D. H. Lawrence Novel
 The Rainbow W. Wordsworth Poem
25  The Rape of the Lock Alexander Pope Mock epic
 Rape Upon Rape Henry Fielding Novel
 The Rape of Lucrece W. Shakespeare Poem
 The Rape of Bangladesh Anthony War History
Mascarenhas
26  The Old Man and the Sea Ernest Hemingway Novel
 Riders to the Sea J.M. Synge Play
27  The Scholar Gypsy Mathew Arnold Poem
 The Spanish Gypsy George Eliot An epic Poem
 Time, You Old Gypsy Man Ralph Hudson Poem
28  The Birthday Party Harold Pinter Play
 The Cocktail Party T.S. Eliot Play
 The Garden Party Katherine Mansfield Short story
29  The Light House Edgar Allen Poe Story
 To the lighthouse Virginia Woolf Fiction
30  The Sun rising John Donne Poem
 The Sun Also Rises Ernest Hemingway Novel
31  The Way of the World William Congreve Play
 The Way of All Flesh Samuel Butler Fiction
32  Tom Jones John Osborne Play
 Tom Jones Henry Fielding Novel
33  The Origin of species Robert Darwin Fiction
 The Origin of Life on Earth Sir James Jeans Prose
34  The Alchemist Ben Jonson Play
 The Alchemist Paulo Coelho Novel
35  Ulysses James Joyce Novel
 Ulysses Alfred Tennyson Poem
36  Under the Greenwood Tree W. Shakespeare Poem
 Under the Greenwood Tree Thomas Hardy Novel
37  Waiting for Godot /The Dumb Waiting Samuel Beckett Play
 Waiting for Mahatma R.K.Narayan Novel
Periods of English Literature (Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï hyMwefvM )

evsjv mvwn‡Zï g‡Zv Bs‡iwR mvwn‡ZïI hyMwefvM i‡q‡Q| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï hyMwefvM Bs‡iR BwZnv‡mi mv‡_ IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e
RwoZ hv GKwU RvwZi Af~¨`‡qi gva¨‡g ïiæ n‡qwQj| G Kvi‡Y RvwZ wn‡m‡e Bs‡iR‡ì BwZnvm hZUv êwPÎ¨gq Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Zï BwZnvm wVK ZZLvwb êwPÎ¨gq| BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i †`Lv hvq †h, Bs‡iR RvwZ MV‡b A‡bK ag©xq, ivR‰bwZK,
AvÂwjK, HwZnvwmK I A_©‰bwZK cwieZ©b mvwaZ nq, †ek wKQz êÁvwbK Avwe®‹vi I D™¢veb Zv‡ì Rxeb-hvc‡bi aiY I
ixwZ-bxwZ‡Z cwieZ©b NUvq| GB cÖwZwU cwieZ©b I cwigvR©b Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ cÖfve ‡d‡j| ZvB Avgiv †Lqvj Kwi gv‡S
gv‡S wbw`©ó ivRv ev ivYxi bv‡g hy‡Mi bvgKiY Avevi gv‡S gv‡S cÖfvekvjx mvwnwZ¨K, ag©xq cÖfv‡ei bvgvbymv‡i bvgKiY Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï hyMwefvM wb‡q BwZnvmwe`‡ì g‡a¨ gZcv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| ZeyI M.H. Abrams Gi hyMwefvM AwaK
MÖnY‡hvM¨ I mycwiwPZ|
1 2
The Old English Period The Middle English Period
Or, The Anglo-Saxon 1066-1500
450-1066 I. Anglo Norman Period 1066-1340
II. Age of Chaucer - 1340-1400
III. Barren Age/Dark Age - 1400-1485
3 4
The Renaissance Period
1500-1660
The Neo-Classical Period
I. Preparation for Renaissance-1500-1558
1660-1798
II. Elizabethan Age -1558-1603
I. The Restoration Period - 1660-1700
III. Jacobean Age -1603-1625
II. The Augustan Age /Age of Pope - 1700-1745
IV. Caroline Age -1625-1649
III. Age of Sensibility/Age of Johnson - 1745-1785/98
V.Common Wealth Period -1649-1660
VI. Puritan Age-1620-1660
5 6
The Victorian Period
The Romantic Period
1832-1901
1798-1832
I. The Pre-Raphaclitics - 1848-1860
II.Aestheticism & Decadence 1880-1901
7 8
The Modern Period
1901-1939 The Post Modern Period
I. The Edwardian Period - 1901-1910 1939 - Present
II. The Georgian Period - 1910-1939

GQvovI Avgv‡ì g‡b ivLv DwPZ †h, 1590 mvj †_‡K 1616 mvj ch©šÍ mgqKvj‡K Age of Shakespeare ev
Shakespearian Age ejv nq|
Quick Memory Tips: OMR NRV MP
O ̶ Old English Period
M ̶ Middle English Period
R ̶ Renaissance Period
N ̶ Neo-Classical Period
R ̶ Romantic Period
V ̶ Victorian Period
M ̶ Modern Period
P ̶ Post Modern Period
A. The Elizabethan Period (1558-1603)

ivwb cÖ_g GwjRv‡e‡_i mgqKvj 1558-1603 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †kÖô mvwnZ¨Kg©‡K Elizabethan Literature ejv nq| Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Zï me‡P‡q wcwiqW Elizabethan Period. ivwb GwjRv‡e‡_i bv‡g G hy‡Mi bvgKib Kiv nq| G hyMwU mvwn‡Z¨
†hgb ¯§iYxq ivRbxwZ‡Z ev HwZnvwmKfv‡eI †Zgwb ¯§iYxq I eiYxq| 1558 wLªóvã †_‡K ïiæ K‡i 1603 wLªóvã ch©šÍ †gvU
45 eQi ivwb GwjRv‡e_ Bsj¨v‡Ûi kvmb ÿgZvq wQ‡jb| GB mgqKvj‡KB Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Elizabethan Period ejv
nq|
Titles of the Age
➢ GB hyM‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï ¯^Y© hyM (The Golden Age of English Literature) ejv nq|
➢ GB hyM‡K ‘A Nest of Singing Birds’/ ‘An Age of Original Romaticism’ I ejv n‡q _v‡K|
G hy‡Mi wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:
➢ Queen Elizabeth I Gi bvgvbymv‡i G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv nq|
➢ wZwb 1533 mv‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuv‡K Virgin Queen of England ejv nq|
➢ Elizabethan Tragedy is centred on Revenge .
➢ GB hyM w_‡qUvi ev †k·wcq‡ii bvU‡Ki Rb¨ weL¨vZ|
➢ GB hy‡Mi AwaKvsk bvUK Queen Elizabeth Gi mvg‡b gÂ¯’ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖ_g gÂ¯’ bvUK ‘Gorboduc’. Elizabeth I
we:`ª: ‘Gorboduc’ n‡jv First Tragedy of English Literature. Gi †jLK n‡jb Thomas Sackville Ges
Thomas Norton. ( evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g mv_©K Uªv‡RwW n‡jv gvB‡Kj g`ym~`b `‡Ëi ÔK…òKzgvixÕ|
Famous Quote of Queen Elizabeth
➢ A good face is the best letter of recommendation (Av‡M `k©Yavix c‡i ¸YwePvix)
University Wits-(7 Rb)
University Wits n‡jv GK`j hyeK Dramatist & Pamphleteers (bvU¨Kvi Ges ÿz`ª cy¯ÍK iPwqZv) hviv
Cambridge I Oxford University Gi witty students. Zuviv ‡lvok kZvãx‡Z (1500-1600) jÛ‡b bvUK
wjL‡Zb| Zuviv wQj Bsj¨v‡Ûi bvU¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi evnK| Zvu‡ì cÖvq mK‡jB Cambridge I Oxford University Gi
witty students wQ‡jb e‡j Ggb bvgKiY Kiv nq|
University Wits
1. Christopher Marlowe (wµ‡÷vdvi gv‡©jv) 4. Thomas Lodge (Ugvm jR )
2. John Lyly (Rb wjwj) 5. Robert Greene (Ugvm MÖxb)
3. George Peele (Rb cxwj) 6. Thomas Nashe (Ugvm b¨vk)
** 7. Thomas Kyd (Ugvm KxW)
Quick memory Tips:
Marlowe Gi †cÖwgKviv Lyly , Peele, Kyd, Lodge ‡Kv¤úvbx‡Z Greene bvkcvwZi †Lvmv Qov‡bvi KvR K‡i|
Gevi wgwj‡q wbB:
Marlowe = Christopher Marlowe
Lyly = John Lyly
Peele = George Peele
Kyd = Thomas Kyd
Lodge = Thomas Lodge
Greene = Robert Greene
bvkcvwZ = Thomas Nashe
we:`ª: Thomas Kyd Oxford ev Cambridge Gi QvÎ bv n‡qI University Wits Gi AšÍf~©³ wQ‡jb|
Edmund Spenser (GWgÛ †¯úÝvi ,1552-1599)
Zuvi Dcvwamg~n:
The Poet of the Poets (Kwe‡ì Kwe)
(Note: evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Kwe‡ì Kwe wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y)
Introducer of Spenserian Sonnet
(Zvi m‡bU msKj‡bi bvg- ‘Amoretti’)
The Second Father of English Poetry
The Divine Master/Quote Poet Edmund Spenser
The child of Renaissance & Reformation
The Prince of Poet/ Court Poet of England
we:`ª: Zvui g„Zzï ci eû Kwe mvwnwZ¨K we‡kl K‡i †ivgvw›UK wcwiq‡Wi KweMY Spenser Gi iPbv‰kjx AbymiY Ki‡Zb
e‡jB Zvu‡K Kwe‡ì Kwe ejv nq|
Zuvi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Epic (gnvKve¨)  The Faerie Queen (fvev_©: cixi b¨vq my›ìx ivbx) Faerie Queen GKwU Amgvß Bs‡iwR
gnvKve¨| GwU g~jZ GKwU iæcKag©x †ivgvÝ|
Major Characters:
Arthur - ‡K›`ªxq PwiÎ, wZwb jW© jvBwm÷v‡ii cÖZxK |
Faerie Queen (Also known as Gloriana) - ivwb GwjRv‡e_|
Redcross knight (St.George) - Redcross knight Bsj¨v‡Ûi ag© msµvšÍ wel‡qi iÿK |
Duessa - ‡ivgvb Pv‡P©i cÖZxK, wZwb Una Gi wecixZ PwiÎ Ges wg_¨vi cÖZxK|
Una - Bsj¨v‡Ûi cwiï× PvP©, Redcross Gi ney ¯¿x Ges m‡Zï cÖZxK|
The Faerie Queen wel‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨: The Faerie Queen n‡jv GWgvÛ †¯úbmv‡ii
me©‡kÖô I GK Agi m„wó| wek eQi a‡i iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Faerie Queen GKwU Amgvß Bs‡iwR
gnvKve¨ hv ivwb GwjRv‡e‡ì cªksmv K‡i iwPZ| 7 L‡Ûi g‡a¨ †¯úbmvi 6wU LÛ mgvß Ki‡Z
†c‡iwQ‡jb; mßg LÛwU Amgvß| hwÌ Kwei B‡”Q wQj †h, Ggb GKwU gnvKve¨ m„wó Ki‡eb hv
AZx‡Zi mg¯Í gnvKv‡eï mgZzj¨ n‡e| GwU GKwU agx© (Allegorical) DcvL¨vb| Kve¨wUi welqe¯‘
n‡jv cix‡ì †`‡ki ivwb Gloriana 12 w`b e¨vcx GKwU Drm‡ei Av‡qvRb K‡iwQ‡jb| cÖ‡Z¨K
w`b GK`j DrcxwoZ gvbyl G‡m ivwbi Kv‡Q ‰`Z¨ KZ…©K Drcxo‡bi Awf‡hvM Ki‡e Avi ivwb
cÖwZw`b GKRb K‡i bvBU†K cvwV‡q Drcxob eÜ K‡i †`b| cÖ‡Z¨KwU bvB‡Ui `ytmvnwmK Awfhvb‡K
†K›`ª K‡i iPbv Ki‡eb ev‡ivwU Kve¨ Ggb B‡”Q wQ‡jv ‡¯úbmv‡ii| wKš‘ Zv Ki‡Z wZwb mÿg nbwb|
G gnvKv‡eï bvqK Redcross Knight Avi bvwqKv Una. Redcross Knight Bsj¨v‡Ûi ag©
wel‡qi iÿK| Dbv n‡”Q mZ¨ I Bsj¨v‡Ûi cwiï× Pv‡P©i cªZxK Avi WªvMb n‡jv Rxe‡bi fzjåvwšÍi
cªZxK| 1590 mv‡j cÖ_g 3wU ce© Øviv gnvKve¨wU cÖKvwkZ nq| wØZxq 3wU ce© cÖKvwkZ nq 1596
mv‡j| Ges me©‡kl 1609 mv‡j Zvi g„Zzï ci 2q Gi 2q mM© cÖKvwkZ nq| G‡Z 5 ai‡Yi iƒc‡Ki
cwiPq cvIqv hvq| h_v:
1. Moral (‰bwZK),
2. Political (ivR‰bwZK), 3. Spiritual (Ava¨vwZ¥K),
4. Chivalric (exiZ¡), 5. Aristotelian (Gwi÷Ujxq)
GB gnvKv‡eï cÖavb welqe¯Íy †`k‡cÖg|
Poetry Amoretti (G‡gv‡iwU): GwU 89 wU m‡bU ev PZz`©kc`x KweZvi msKjb| ¯¿x Gwihvv‡e` i‡qj‡K
D‡Ïk¨ K‡i KweZv¸‡jv ‡jLv|
The Shepherd’s Calendar (‡gl cvj‡Ki Rxeb msµvšÍ Pastoral Poem. GB Kve¨MÖš’wU
wZwb DrmM© K‡iwQ‡jb Sir Philip Sidney †K|)
Four Hymns (‡dvi nvBgm): Edmund Spenser’s Four Hymns, a series of four
hymns praising Love, Beauty, Heavenly Love, and Heavenly Beauty, combine
the worlds of philosophy and theology into a masterful 4-part poem in praise
of true Love and true Beauty.
The Epithalamion (Gwc_vjvwgqb): GwU weevn wel‡q 33 wU ¯Íe‡K iwPZ GKwU KweZv|
Astrophel (G‡÷ªv‡dj): A Pastoral Elegy upon the death of the most noble and
valorous Knight, Sir Philip Sidney. It was probably composed in 1580.
Francis Bacon (dªvwÝm †eKb ,1561-1626)

Zuvi Dcvwamg~n:
Father of English Essay (cÖe‡Üi RbK)
First Essayist in English Literature
Father of modern Prose (AvaywbK M‡`ï RbK)
Father of Empriricism (cÖ‡qvMev‡ì RbK)
Father of Experimental Science ( cixÿvg~jK weÁv‡bi RbK)
Francis Bacon
Master of Aphorism & Terseness
Francis Bacon m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:
➢ Francis Bacon GKvav‡i Attorney General Ges Lord Chancellor `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
➢ wZwb GKRb Bs‡iR Courtier (statesman), lawyer and natural philosopher.
➢ wZwb 1584 mv‡j cvj©v‡g‡›Ui m`m¨ n‡qwQ‡jb Ges 1603 mv‡j Knight Dcvwa jvf K‡ib|
Zvui weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
➢ Essays  Of Studies  Of Truth
 Of Love  Of Friendship
 Of Revenge  Of Great Place
 Of Marrige & Single Life  Of Death
 Of Plantation  Of Beauty
 Of Suitors  Of Adversity
 Of Antheism  Of Envy
 Of Boldness  Of Superstitions
 The Advancement of Learning  The Wisdom of Ancients
➢ Other works  Novum Organum (A_©: New Method)  New Atlantis
(j¨vwUb fvlvq wjwLZ)  Historie of the Raigne of
 Instauratio Magna Henry VII.
 Divine and Human
Of Studies Gi mvi-ms‡ÿc:
d«vwÝm †eKb‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ M‡`ï RbK ejv nq| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Rb¨ †h mvwnwZ¨K cÖeÜ¸wj wZwb iPbv K‡i‡Qb Zv
AvZ¥MZ fvebvq mg„×| Zuvi †jLv AZ¨šÍ hyw³c~Y© Ges AjsK…Z| d«vwÝm †eK‡bi “Ad ÷vwWmÓ cÖeÜwU Aa¨qb ev cvV wel‡q
iPbv K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b wZwb cvV¨vf¨v‡mi ¸iæZ¡, Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, mydj BZ¨vw` wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| †eKb e‡j‡Qb †h,
e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b fvlvMZ gvayh©Zv Dbœq‡b cv‡Vi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| KviY GKRb gvbyl cv‡Vi gva¨‡gB wb‡R‡K AwfÁ I weØvb
K‡i Zz‡jb| GKRb gvbyl wfbœ wfbœ welq Aa¨q‡bi gva¨‡g H wel‡q we‡kl Ávb I AwfÁZv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb e‡jb,
“Histories make men wise; poets,witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral,
grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.” A_©vr, ÒBwZnvm gvbyl‡K weÁ K‡i †Zv‡j, Kwe n‡q D‡V Dcw¯’Z
eyw×m¤úbœ, MwYZ K‡i m~² eyw×m¤úbœ, `k©b K‡i †Zv‡j Mfxi, ˆbwZKZvm¤úbœ, hyw³we`¨v Ges evK¨vjs¼vi hyw³‡Z cvi`k©x
K‡i †Zv‡j|Ó †jLK GUvI †`Lv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb †h, †Kvb ai‡bi welq cvV¨vf¨v‡m _vKv DwPZ Ges †Kvb welq¸‡jv Gwo‡q Pjv
DwPZ| wZwb AviI e‡jb, ÒSome books are tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed
and digested.” A_©vr wKQz wKQz eB Av‡Q †h¸‡jvi ïay ¯^v` MÖnY Ki‡Z nq, wKQz wKQz eB bv ey‡SB gyL¯Í Ki‡Z nq Ges
wKQz wKQz eB ax‡i ax‡i MÖnY I AvZœ¯’ Ki‡Z nq|
wZwb g‡b K‡ib †h, kixi wVK ivLvi Rb¨ †hgb e¨vqvg Acwinvh© wVK †Zgwb Kv‡iv AvZœvi weKv‡ki Rb¨ cvV¨vf¨vm Acwinvh©|
➢ Father of English Prose Francis Bacon
➢ Father of English Prose John Wycliffe we:`ª: Father of English Prose
➢ Founder of English Prose Alfred the Great cÖ‡kœ Alfred the Great ev John
Wycliff Gi bvg bv _vK‡j Francis
✓ jÿbxq Zuvi AwaKvsk cÖe‡Üi bvg Of w`‡q ïiæ n‡q‡Q| Bacon mwVK DËi n‡e|
✓ Essay kãwU wZwbB cÖ_g eënvi K‡ib|
Exceptional Notes:
Of Reformation (Pamphlet) -1641 John Milton
Of Education (Prose)-1644 John Milton
Of Human Bondage (Novel)-1915 William Somerset Maugham
William Shakespeare (DBwjqvg †k·wcqi ,1564-1616)

 Birth 23rd April 1564
 Death 23rd April 1616
 Father John Shakespeare
 Mother Mary Shakespeare
 Wife Anne Hathaway
 Children Hamnet , Susanna Hall, Judith Quiney
 Birth Place Stratford-upon-Avone, UK.
William Shakespeare
 Profession Playwright, Poet & Actor
wet `ªt William Shakespeare 1564 mv‡ji GwcÖ‡j Bsj¨v‡Ûi ÷ªvU‡dvW© Ab G‡fv‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi mwVK
Rb¥ZvwiL Rvbv hvqwb, Z‡e mviv wekê¨vcx 23 †k GwcÖj Zvui Rb¥w`b cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| 1564 mv‡ji 26 †k GwcÖj
(eyaevi) nwi wUªwbwU Pv‡P© Zuvi e¨vwÞRg ( wLªó a‡g© `xwÿZKiY Abyôvb †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K cweÎ evwiØviv AwfwmuPb K‡i
†bIqv nq) m¤úbœ nq|‡h‡nZz R‡b¥i Z…Zxq w`‡b e¨vwÞRg n‡Zv, ZvB William Shakespeare Rb¥ 1564 mv‡ji 23 †k
GwcÖj e‡j avibv Kiv nq|
[Source: History of English Litearture by William J Long & website]
Zuvi Dcvwamg~n
➢ National Poet of England (Bsj¨v‡Ûi RvZxq Kwe)
➢ King without Crown (gyKzUwenxb m¤ªvU)
➢ The Greatest Dramatist/Playwright (me©‡kÖô bvU¨Kvi)
➢ Bard of Avon (Gf‡bi PviY Kwe) (Avon GKwU b`xi bvg)
➢ The Greatest Superstar of the World (c„w_exi me©‡kÖô ZviKv)
➢ Father of English Drama (Bs‡iwR bvU‡Ki RbK)
➢ Poet of Human Nature (Dr. Samuel Johnson Zv‡K GB Dcvwa‡Z AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib|)
➢ The Dazzling Sun (Lord Alfred Tennyson Zuv‡K GB Dcvwa †`b|)
William Shakespeare m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:

➢ William Shakespeare wQ‡jb GKRb Bs‡iR Kwe , bvU¨Kvi I Awf‡bZv|
➢ Zuv‡K Bs‡iwR fvlvi †kÖô mvwnwZ¨K I mviv we‡kî †miv bvU¨Kvi g‡b Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
➢William Shakespeare Gi WvK bvg n‡jv The Swan of Avon.( Dcvwa †`b: Ben Jonson)
➢ Shakespeare is known/famous mostly for his plays.
➢ He belongs to the Elizabethan Period.
➢ He belongs to 16th Century.
➢ wZwb Iambic Pentameters (cuvP gvÎvi Q›`wewkó jvBb) cÖ‡qv‡M AwaKvsk bvUK iPbv K‡ib|
➢ ‡ckvMZ Rxe‡b Awf‡bZv †k·wcqv‡ii m½x mv_x‡ì wb‡q 1599 wLª. jÛ‡b Globe Theatre cÖwZôv K‡ib|
➢ Zuvi bvU‡K cuvP AsK wewkó ( Five Act ) Climax ‡`Lv hvq|
➢ wZwb Zuvi wcZvgvZvi AvU mšÍv‡bi g‡a¨ Z…Zxq Ges RxweZ mšÍvb‡ì g‡a¨ me©‡R¨ô wQ‡jb|
➢ 1585 ‡_‡K 1592 mv‡ji gaëZ©x mg‡q wZwb Awf‡bZv I bvU¨Kvi wn‡m‡e jÛ‡b e¨vcK L¨vwZ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb|
➢ (1590-1616) mvj A_©vr 16 eQi mgq‡K William Shakespeare-Gi mvwnZ¨Rxeb aiv nq|
William Shakespeare Gi bvUK (Plays)
Shakespeare g~jZ Pvi ai‡bi bvUK wj‡L‡Qb|
 Tragedy -12wU  Tragi-Comedy -3wU
 Comedy -15wU  Historical Play -10 wU
William Shakespeare Gi Sonnet

✓ wZwb Shakespearean Sonnet Gi cÖeZ©K
✓ wZwb †gvU 154 wU m‡bU iPbv K‡ib| wZwb Zuvi m‡bU eÜz Earl of Southampton ‡K DrmM© K‡ib|
✓ Zvi m‡b‡Ui AšÍ¨wgj abab, cdcd, efef, gg .
➢ William Shakespeare Gi wKQz weL¨vZ KweZv
➢ A Lover’s Complaint ➢ Under the Greenwood Tree
➢ The Passionate Pilgrim ➢ Venus and Adonis Narrative Poem
➢ The Phoenix & the Turtle ➢ The Rape of Lucrece

GK bR‡i William Shakespeare Gi First, Last, Smallest & Largest Play:

➢ cÖ_g bvUK - Henry VI (Part-2)
➢ ‡kl bvUK - The Tempest (Swan song)
➢ ÿz`ªZg bvUK - Comedy of Errors
➢ `xN©Zg bvUK Hamlet
William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg© (Notable works)
Tragedies Comedies Historical Plays
 Hamlet  As You Like it  Henry IV, Part I
Notable Works of William Shakespeare
 King Lear  A Midsummer Night’s  Henry IV, Part II

Dream
 Macbeth  Measure for Measure  Henry V
 Othello  The Taming of the Shrew  Henry VI, Part I
 Romeo and Juliet  The Tempest  Henry VI, Part II
 Julius Caesar  All’s Well That Ends well  Henry VI, Part III
 Titus Andronicus  The Merchant of Venice  Henry VIII
 Antony and Cleopatra  Twelfth Night  King John
 Coriolanus  The Two Gentlemen of  Richard II
Verona
 Troilus and Cressida  The Winter’s Tale  Richard III
 Timon of Athens  Pericles, Prince of Tyre
 Cymbeline  The Merry Wives of
Windsor
 The Comedy of Errors
 Much Ado about Nothing
 Lover’s Labours Lost
Quick Memory Tips

William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ 7wU Uª¨vwRwW g‡b ivLvi Dcvq:
RJ HAMKO
R Romeo & Juliet
J Julious Caesar
H Hamlet
A Antony and Cleopatra
M Macbeth
K King Lear
O Othello
Tragicomedy: UªvwRK‡gwW
Tragi-comedy is a play or novel containing elements of both comedy and tragedy.(Tragi-comedy
n‡jv Ggb GK ai‡Yi bvUK ev Dcb¨v‡m hv‡Z Uªv‡RwW I K‡gwW Df‡qi welqe¯‘ Avi Avw½‡Ki wgkªY _v‡K|)
wb‡¤œ D‡jøwLZ 5wU bvUK‡K William Shakespeare Tragi-comedy wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| h_v t
I. The Merchant of Venice
II. Measure for Measure

III. All’s Well That Ends well
IV. Cymbeline
V. The Winter’s Tale
GK bR‡i William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ Uªv‡RwWmg~n
Uªv‡RwWi bvg cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨
Hamlet ‘Hamlet’, Shakespeare Gi RbwcÖq GKwU Revenge Tragedy (cÖwZ‡kvag~jK
we‡qvMvšÍK bvUK) GwU †k·wcq‡ii me©e„nr Tragedy.
welqe¯Íy: n¨vg‡jU KZ…©K wcZvi g„Zzï cÖjw¤^Z cÖwZ‡kv‡ai cÖ‡PóvB G bvU‡Ki g~j welqe¯Íy|
Main Characters:
King Hamlet (wKs n¨vg‡jU) → ‡Wbgv‡K©i ivRv|
Prince Hamlet (wcÖÝ n¨vg‡jU) → Son of king Hmalet/Protagonist/central
character (‡Wbgv‡K©i ivRv n¨vg‡j‡Ui cyÎ bvqK/‡K›`ªxq PwiÎ)Rvg©vwbi D‡UbevM©
wek^we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ wQ‡jb|
Claudius (K¬wWqvm) → Hamlet- Gi PvPv| Claudius n‡jb G Uªv‡RwWi Antagonist.
Gertrude (MviUªyW)→ Hamlet- Gi gv|
Ophelia (I‡dwjqv)→ Ophelia (Heroine) n‡jv Hamlet-Gi †cÖwgKv|
Polonius (c‡jvwbqvm)→ Claudius Gi Dc‡`óv Ges Ophelia I Laertes Gi evev|
Horatio (‡nvivwkI) → n¨vg‡j‡Ui eÜz|
Kvwnbx ms‡ÿc:
bvqK Hamlet ‡Wbgv‡K©i hyeivR| fv‡jvevmvi g‡ZvB ü`qevb bvqK †m| bvwqKv Ophelia-i
cÖwZ Zvi fv‡jvevmv KgwZ wQ‡jv bv| Zvi PvPv Claudius Zvi evev‡K nZ¨v K‡i ivR¨ `Lj K‡i
Ges Zvi gv‡K (ivwb MviUªyW) we‡q K‡i| GB NUbv g„Zy¨‡K inm¨gq K‡i †Zv‡j| GKiv‡Z
n¨vg‡j‡Ui wcZvi †cÖZvZ¥v (Ghost) wn‡m‡e Avwe©f‚Z n‡q Rvbvq †h, Zvi PvPv K¬wWqvmB
nZ¨vKvix| n¨vg‡j‡Ui eÜ †nvivwkI †Wbgv‡K© G‡b H f‚Z‡K †`Lvq| G‡Z n¨vg‡jU cÖPÛ nZvkvq
fzM‡Z _v‡K|
gv‡qi cÖwZ wei³ n‡q Hamlet e‡jwQ‡jv-
“Frailty (noun), thy name is woman.” → ‡n Qjbvgqx (webóKvix), †Zvgvi Aci bvg
bvix| n¨vg‡jU cÖwZ‡kva MÖn‡Y Zrci nq wKš‘ Claudius Gi Aciva m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ bv n‡q
n¨vg‡jU Zvi weiæ‡× †Kv‡bv c`‡ÿc wb‡Z Pvb bv| ZvB n¨vg‡jU cvM‡ji Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g ivRv
K¬vwWqvm‡K m‡PZbfv‡e ch©‡eÿY K‡i wbwðZ nq †h †mB Zvi wcZvi nZ¨vKvix| Zvi PvPv
Claudius- B †h Zvi wcZvi nZ¨vKvix Zv wbwðZ nevi Rb¨ n¨vg‡jU Zvi eÜz ‡nvivwkIi
mnvqZvq
Ô`¨v gvW©vi Ae MbRv‡MvÕ (The Murder of Gonzago) bv‡g GKwU bvU‡Ki Av‡qvRb K‡i
Ges Claudius Gi gvbwmK Ae¯’v †`‡L eyS‡Z cv‡i Zvi PvPvB Zvi evevi nZ¨vKvix I cÖK…Z
Acivax|
wKšÍy †m cÖwZ‡kva MÖn‡Y Kvj‡ÿcY Ki‡Z _v‡K| Polonius (c‡jvwbqvm) ivRvi mv‡_ lohš¿
K‡i n¨vg‡jU‡K Bsj¨v‡Û nZ¨v Ki‡Z Pvq| me‡k‡l Ophelia cvwb‡Z Wz‡e, Hamlet Gi gv
Gertrude welcv‡b, Claudius Hamlet Gi nv‡Z Ges Hamlet Zvi wcÖqZgv Ophelia-i
fvB Laertes Gi nv‡Z g„ZÿeiY K‡i| Gfv‡eB we‡qvMvšÍK cwiYwZ †b‡g Av‡m `ywU AwfRvZ
cwiev‡i|
GKB KiæY Kvwnbx wek^‡K Rvbv‡Z †eu‡P wQ‡jv ïay Horatio.
“To be or not to be that is the question” –Hamlet.

wet `ªt Hamlet Gi kvwãK A_© †QvU MÖvg (A Small village that doesn’t have its own
church) .
King Lear King Lear bvUKwU William Shakespeare Gi GKwU weL¨vZ Uªv‡RwW|
welqe¯Íy: GKRb J×Z¨ ivRvi KiæY Kvwnbx G bvU‡Ki g~j welqe¯Íy|
Main Characters:
King Lear (wKs wjqvi) → Protagonist (bvqK) Ges Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRv|
Goneril (M‡bwij) → myweav‡fvMx Ges wek^vmNvZK| King Lear Gi eo †g‡q|
Regan (wiMvb) → myweav‡fvMx Ges wek^vmNvZK| King Lear Gi ‡g‡Sv †g‡q|
Cordelia (K‡W©wjqv) → myweavewÂZ wKšÍy wek^¯Í| King Lear Gi †QvU †g‡q|
Gloucester (Møy‡P÷vi) → ivRv wjqv‡ii AbyMZ wWD‡Ki wb¤œ càvix e¨w³ Ges GWgÛ I
GWMv‡ii evev|
Edmund (GWgÛ) → LjbvqK (Antagonist). Gloucester Gi A‰ea mšÍvb|
Edgar (GWMvi) → Gloucester Gi ‰ea mšÍvb|
Kvwnbx ms‡ÿc:
weª‡U‡bi `vw¤¢K ivRv Lear ‡`k kvm‡bi `vqfvi †_‡K gyw³ ‡c‡Z Zvui ivR¨‡K wZb Kb¨v (eo
†g‡q Goneril, †g‡Sv †g‡q Regan ,‡QvU †g‡q Cordelia) Gi g‡a¨ fvM K‡i w`‡Z
‡P‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ AvMgyn~‡Z©, wZwb hvPvB Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb ivRKb¨viv Zuv‡K †K KZUyKz
fv‡jvev‡m| ZvB ivRv avivevwnKfv‡e wZb †g‡q‡K cÖkœ Ki‡j eo †g‡q Goneril Ges †g‡Sv
†g‡q Regan Zv‡ì PvUz ev‡K¨ ivRv‡K mš‘ó K‡i Ges †gvU m¤úwËi wZb fv‡Mi `yB fvM AR©b
K‡i| wKšÍy QvU †g‡q Cordelia-i Rev‡e ivRv mšÍyó n‡Z cvi‡jbbv| Cordelia-i Reve wQ‡jv
“My heart into my mouth; I love your majesty, according to my bond, no
more no less” A_©vr, K‡W©wjqv e‡j,Ò Avwg Avgvi evev‡K ZZUv fv‡jvevwm GKRb †g‡q
wn‡m‡e evev‡K hZUv fv‡jvevmv DwPZ|Ó Avm‡j †m eySv‡Z †P‡q‡Q †m ivRv‡K KZUzKz fv‡jvev‡m
Zv K_vi gva¨‡g ev k‡ã †evSv‡bv m¤¢e bq| Ggb DË‡i ivRv Cordelia ‡K Zuvi cÖvc¨ m¤úwË
†_‡K ewÂZ K‡ib| Cordelia Gi mv‡_ d«v‡Ýi ivRvi Av‡M †_‡KB we‡qi K_v cvKvcvwK wQ‡jv
Ges d«v‡Ýi ivRv mewKQz ‡R‡b ï‡b Zv‡K we‡q K‡i France wb‡q G P‡j hvq| cieZx©‡Z eo
`yB †g‡qi cÖK…Z †Pnviv dz‡U D‡V| eo †g‡q Goneril Ges †g‡Sv †g‡q Regan, Gloucester
Gi A‰ea mšÍvb Edmund Gi cÖ‡ivPbvq King Lear ‡K ivR¨ †_‡K ‡ei K‡i †`q| ivR¨
nvwi‡q eyS‡jb †K Zuv‡K mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© fv‡jvev‡m| wZwb cvMj n‡q hvb| NUbv cÖev‡n mK‡ji
g„Zy¨ nq Ges Goneril Gi ¯^vgx Duke of Albany I Gloucester Gi ‰ea mšÍvb Edgar
iv‡Rï `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| Gfv‡eB ivRv‡K Zvi Rxeb w`‡q fz‡ji cÖvqwðË Ki‡Z n‡qwQj|
Ae‡k‡l ivRvi Dw³- “I am a man, more sinned against than sinning”. (Avwg hZUv
Aciva K‡iwQ Zvi †P‡q Avgvi mv‡_ †ewk m‡qwQ|)
Shakespeare’s plays (Comedies)

Title Setting(NUbv¯’j) Main charaters Plot summary
All’s Well that France/Italy Bertram (Count of Rousillon), Woman finally
Ends Well Countress of Rousillon, Duke wins love of her
of Florence, King of France husband.
As You Like It Arden Forest Celia, Duke Frederick, Duke Rosalind and her
Senior, Oliver, Orlando, family live in
Rosalind Arden Forest.
The Comedy of Ephasus Adriana, Aegeon, Amelia, Twins separated in
Errors Antipholus of Ephasus, youth search for
Antipholus of Syracuse, Pinch, each other.
Solinus (Duke of Ephasus)
Love’s Labours Navarre Aridano de Armado, Boyet, King tries to avoid
lost Don Princess of France, women, but
Jaquenetta, Mercade, Vncentio succumbs.
Measure for Vienna Angelo, Claudio, Francica , Deputy tries to
Measure Isabella, Juliet, Mariana. enforce fornication
The Merchant of Venice Antonio, Bassanio, Jessica, law.
Money-lender
Venice Portia, Prince of Aragon, demands a pound
Prince of Morocco, Shylock of flesh.
The Merry England Anne Page, Dr. Cauis, Falstaff Man foiled trying
Wives of (Sir John), Fenton, Mr. Ford, to dupe women of
Windsor Mrs. Ford, Mr. Page, Mrs. money.
A Midsummer Athens Page
Bottom, Demetrius, Egeus, One wedding ends
Night’s Dream Helena, Hermia, Hippolyta, up three weddings.
Lysander,Theseus, Titania
Much Ado about Aragon Beatrice, Benedick, Claudio, Two couples and
Nothing Don Juan, Don Pedro, Hero their tales of
marriage.
Shakespeare’s plays (Tragedies)
Title Setting (NUbv¯’j) Main charaters Themes
King Lear Ancient Britain King Lear, Goneril, Rega, The downfall of
Cordelia, Edmund , Edgar. an arrogant King.
Hamlet Denmark Hamlet, Claudius, Gertrude, Mysterious death,
Ophelia, Polonius. Rhetoric and
Power .
Macbeth Scotland Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, Duncan, The world as a
Macduff, Malcon, Three Witches. stage .
Othello Venice Othello,Desdemona, Iago, Emilia, Fatal
Cassio. consequence of
doubt.
Romio and Juliet Italy (Verona Romio, Juliet, Tybalt, Mercutio, A tragedy of
and Mantua) Friar Laurence. eternal love.
Julius Caesar Rome Brutus , Julius Caesar , Antony, The dilemma of
Cassius, Calpurnia, Flavius. loyalty and also
demonstrates the
dark sides of
human nature.
Antony and Roman Empire Mark Antony, Cleaopetra, Honor , Loyality
Cleapatra Lepidus, Octavia, Enobarbus. and betrayal.
“Under the Greenwood Tree” KweZv †_‡K wek^we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿvmn Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq cÖkœ
Av‡m| ZvB Avgiv KweZvwU evsjv A_© + mvi-ms‡ÿcmn we¯ÍvwiZ coe|
g~j KweZv evsjv Abyev`
meyR Ai‡Y¨ Mv‡Qi wb‡P
Under the Greenwood Tree
Ñ DBwjqvg †kKm&wcqi
-William Shakespeare
meyR Ai‡Y¨ Mv‡Qi wb‡P
Under the greenwood tree
†h fv‡jvev‡m ï‡Z Avgvi mv‡_ ,
Who loves to lie with me,
Ges †h Zvi Avb‡›ì Mvb MvB‡e
And turn his merry note
Unto the sweet bird’s throat, wgwó cvwLi mv_ KÉ wgwj‡q,
Come hither, come hither, come hither: GLv‡b G‡mv, GLv‡b G‡mv, G‡mv GLv‡bB,
Here shall he see GLv‡b †m †`L‡Z cv‡e
No enemy †Kvb kÎæ †bB
But winter and rough weather. wKš‘ ˆkZ¨ Avi iæÿ AvenvIqv|
Who doth ambition shun, †K D”PvKv•ÿvi Zvobv Gwo‡q,
And loves to live ‘the sun’ fv‡jv‡e‡m eu vP‡e †iŠ‡`ª i Av‡jv‡Z|
Seeking the food he eats, ‡LvivK †Luv‡R †m Ki‡e †fvR,
And pleas’d with what he gets Ges cwiZ…ß nq hv cv‡e ZvB wb‡q|
Come hither, come hither, come hither: GLv‡b G‡mv, GLv‡b G‡mv, G‡mv GLv‡bB,
Here shall he see GLv‡b †m †`L‡Z cv‡e
No enemy †Kvb kÎæ †bB
But winter and rough weather. wKš‘ ˆkZ¨ Avi iæÿ AvenvIqv|
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿct Kwe DBwjqvg †kKm&wcqi ÔUnder the greenwood treeÕ KweZvq MÖx‡®§i Qvqvgq meyR e‡bi
g‡bvgy»Ki cÖkvwšÍi K_v eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges †jvK‡ì‡K †mLv‡b †hvM w`‡Z Avgš¿Y Rvbvb| Kwe †mB mv‡_ g‡b Kwi‡q †`b
†h, ˆkZ¨ Avi iæÿ Rjevqy Qvov GLv‡b mewKQzB Dc‡fvM¨| Kwe e‡j‡Qb hviv kvwšÍ Luy‡R †c‡Z Pvq Zviv ‡hb meyR Ai‡Y¨
Mv‡Qi wb‡P Av‡m, Zviv GLv‡b cv‡e eÜz‡Z¡i †Quvqv Avi Abvwej myL| Z‡e Qvqvgq e‡bi kvwšÍ Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z cvw_©e me
wPšÍv I D”PwejvwmZv‡K Z¨vM K‡i Avm‡Z n‡e| Kwe G KweZvq kn‡ii Rxe‡bi †Kvjvnj I Kg©e¨¯ÍZvi cwie‡Z© mnR-
mij wKš‘ kvwšÍc~Y© Rxe‡bi Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb|
“Shall I Compare Thee” KweZv †_‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq wewfbœfv‡e cÖkœ Av‡m| ZvB Avgiv KweZvwU evsjv
A_© + mvi-ms‡ÿcmn we¯ÍvwiZ coe|
Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day k¨vj AvB Kg‡cqvi w` Uz G mvgvim †W
-William Shakespeare - DBwjqvg ‡kKm&wcqi
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Avwg wK Zzjbv Kie MÖx‡®§i w`‡bi mv‡_ †Zvgvq?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate. †Zvgvi †mŠ›`h© Av‡iv †ewk my›ì Av‡iv ‡ewk ¯’vqx G aivq;
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of nVvr `gKv nvIqv bó K‡i my›ì †g dz‡ji Kuywo,
May, KZ bv ¯^íKv‡j dzivq MÖx®§Kv‡ji gvayix ;
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. KL‡bv ¯^M© Pÿzmg m~h© cÖLi DòZvq wKiY †`q,
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, Avevi KL‡bv †mvbviO nVvr nvivq;
And often is his gold complexion dimmed; Avi me †mŠ›`h©B GK`v nvwi‡q hvq wcÖqZgv,
And every fair from fair sometime declines, ˆ`‡ei e‡m wKsev cÖK…wZi A‡gvN wjjvq;
By chance, or nature’s changing course, wKš‘ Abvw` MÖx†®§i kvk^Z †hŠeb Zzwg, n‡e bv †Kvbw`b
untrimmed; gwjb
But thy eternal summer shall not fade, †Zvgvi iƒc _vK‡e †Zvgvi gv‡SB wPiw`b|
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, g„Zzï `vw¤¢KZv e¨_© †Zvgvq XvK‡Z Zvi Qvqvq,
Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, w`b hv‡e Zzwg i‡e fv¯î KweZvq|
When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st. hZw`b wb‡e k¦vm gvbyl, †`L‡e †Pv‡Li Zvivq ,
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, ZZw`b euvP‡e GB KweZv Avi G KweZv Rxeb w`‡e
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. †Zvgvq|
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿct gnvKwe DBwjqvg †kKm&wcqi Zuvi Kwe-Rxe‡b 154wU m‡bU KweZv wj‡L‡Qb| Gi g‡a¨ cÖ_g 126wU m‡b‡Ui
g‡a¨ GKwU my›ì hye‡Ki iƒ‡ci eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb| k¨vj AvB Kg‡cqvi w` Uz G mvgvim †W ev m‡bU-18 †Z wZwb GK my›ì hye‡Ki
iƒ‡ci my›ì eY©bvi gva¨‡g Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi eY©bv g‡Z GUv ¯úó †h, Bsj¨v‡Ûi MÖx®§Kvj me‡P‡q my›ì GKwU mgq| KviY Kwe
cÖ_‡gB Zuvi eÜzi ‡mŠ›`h©†K GB MÖx®§Kv‡ji †mŠ›`‡h©i mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb wKš‘ c‡ivÿ‡YB wZwb Avevi MÖx®§Kv‡ji wecixZag©x Qwe AsKb
K‡i‡Qb, e‡j‡Qb Avgvi eÜzi †mŠ›`h© MÖx®§Kv‡ji †P‡q A‡bK my›ì, A‡bK AwePj| ZvB wZwb Zv‡K Avi MÖx®§Kv‡ji mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z
ivwR bb| ZvQvov MÖx®§Kv‡ji ˆ`N©¨ `xN© bq, el©v Avmvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡K we`vq wb‡q P‡j †h‡Z nq| Kwe Av‡iv e‡jb, MÖx®§Kv‡j KL‡bv
KL‡bv m~‡h©i cÖPÐ Zv‡c †hb mewKQz cy‡o hvq, gwjb n‡q hvq MÖx‡®§i cÖK„Z †mŠ›`h©| Avevi KL‡bv w`‡bi †ejvq †g‡N AvKvk †X‡K
hvq, Pvwiw`K AÜKvi n‡q hvq| wKš‘ Kwei eÜzi †mŠ›`h© KL‡bvB ¤øvb n‡ebv| ZvB Zuvi eÜz‡K MÖx®§Kv‡ji †mŠ›`‡h©i mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv
hvq bv KviY †m †Zv Agi| Kwei wek^vm Zuvi eÜzi †mŠ›`‡h©i eY©bv Zvui KweZvq ¯’vb ‡c‡q‡Q Ges GB KweZv gvbyl AvRxeb co‡e|
ZvB m‡MŠi‡e Kwe K‡i‡Qb, Zuvi eÜz‡K Rxeb †Ìqv n‡q‡Q GB KweZvi gva¨‡g| ZvB g„Zz¨ GLv‡b wbR©xe, †m cvi‡e bv Zvi Rxeb
†K‡o wb‡Z| ‡m GB KweZvi gva¨‡g †eu‡P _vK‡e Abvw` AbšÍKvj| Gfv‡e wZwb GB KweZvq my›ì hye‡Ki iƒc Agi I gwngvwš^Z
K‡i‡Qb|
A. The Restoration Period (cybtcÖwZôvi hyM ,1660-1700)

1660 wLªt †_‡K ïiæ n‡q 1700 wLªt ch©šÍ †gvU 40 eQi‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï The Restoration Period ejv nq| G hy‡Mi
Ggb bvgKib Kiv nq KviY Charlers II †K ÿgZvq Aw`wôZ Kivi gva¨‡g ivRZš¿ cybt cÖwZôvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨
PP©vi HwZnÏ cybiæ×vi (Restore) Kiv nq| G hy‡M John Milton Gi me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© iPbvi Rb¨ GB hyM‡K The
Age of Milton e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq| Avevi Kwe-cÖvewÜK-bvU¨Kvi John Dryden cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i‡Qb e‡j A‡b‡K
GB hyMUv‡K The Age of Dryden e‡jI AwfwnZ K‡i _v‡Kb|
GB hy‡Mi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© êwkó¨¸‡jv n‡jv-
➢ 1660 mv‡j Charlers II Gi bvgvbymv‡i G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv nq|
➢ G hy‡Mi mvwn‡Zï cÖavb êwkó¨ wQj Satirical (e¨½vZ¥K)|
➢ 1662 mv‡j weÁvbx m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDU‡bi wewfbœ Avwe®‹vi|
➢ Bsj¨v‡Û wkívqb (Industrialization) ïiæ|

➢ GB hy‡M `ywU political party MwVZ nq:
1) Whig- against the king (miKvi we‡ivax `j)
2) Tory- on the favour of king ( miKvi mg_©bKvix `j)
➢ 1695 mv‡j gZ cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv Ges QvcvLvbv Db¥y³KiY BZ¨vw`|
➢ Richard Cromwell-Gi cZ‡bi ci England-Gi †jv‡Kiv Caroline hy‡Mi ivRv Charles I-Gi cyÎ Charles
II ‡K wmsnvm‡b emvb| GB wmsnvmb D×vi (Restoration) ‡_‡K G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
➢ 1697-1712 mv‡j evsjvi my‡e`vi kvnRv`v AvwRgym-kvb kvmbKv‡j B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb myZvbwU, KwjKvZv I †Mvwe›`cyi
GB wZbwU MÖv‡g Rwg`vix mb` jvf K‡i| Rb Pvb©‡Ki cÖ‡Póvq KwjKvZv e›ì I kn‡ii wfwË cÖ¯Íi ¯’vwcZ nq| 1698
mv‡j B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb KwjKvZvq †dvU© BDwjqvg `~M© ¯’vcb K‡i|
Restoration hy‡Mi K‡qKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvwnwZ¨K:
John Milton (Rb wgëb ,1608-1674)
Zuvi Dcvwamg~n:
➢ Epic Poet (weL¨vZ gnvKwe) (evsjvi wgëb ejv nq †ngP›`ª‡K)
➢ Zuv‡K ejv nq Blind Poet .
➢ Great master of verse.
➢ Zuv‡K †iu‡bmv hy‡Mi me©‡kl gnvKweI ejv nq| John Milton
 Epics (gnvKve¨) ➢ Paradise Lost (1667)
AÜ Ae¯’vq †j‡Lb
➢ Paradise Regained (1671)
 Elegy poem (‡kvKMxwZ) ➢ Lycidas (1637) Kwei eÜz Edward King Gi g„Zz¨ wb‡q †jLv|
➢ On Shakespeare
 Poems (KweZv) ➢ On the Blindness (Sonnet)
➢ On the Late Massacre (Sonnet)
➢ On the morning of Christ’s Nativity (1629): 1st Poem
 Tragic Drama ➢ Samson Agonistes (1671)
 Prose (M`¨) ➢ Areopagitica
 Sonnet ➢ O Nightingale
 Essay (cÖeÜ) ➢ Of Education (1645)
Zuvi weL¨vZ Dw³mg~n: ‡Kv‡Ukb cvU© †`Lyb|
Paradise Lost Gi Kvwnbx ms‡ÿc: GwU John Milton Gi GKwU †ivgvw›UK gnvKve¨| Paradise Lost ‡K Bs‡iR
Kwe John Milton Gi †kÖô gnvKve¨ ejv n‡q _v‡K|
welqe¯Íy: Paradise Lost Gi g~j welqe¯Íy n‡jv Bible.
Theme: To justify the way of God to man (gvby‡li cÖwZ mªóvi `„wófw½ cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| g~jZ Ggb c_ AbymiY
Kivi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q hv Ck^‡ii Kv‡Q gvby‡li Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi n‡e|)
Main Characters:
Adam → RM‡Zi cÖ_g gvbyl| Avw` wcZv I Eve Gi ¯^vgx|
Eve → Eve n‡”Q Avw` gvZv| Adam Gi ¯¿x|
Satan → Antagonist, we‡`ªvnx †d‡imZvM‡Yi cÖavb, hv‡K ¯^M© †_‡K weZvwiZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Mammon → evB‡e‡ji g‡Z Zv‡K m¤ú‡ì cÖZxK ejv nq|

Kvwnbx ms‡ÿc:
evB‡e‡j ewY©Z Adam I Eve KZ…©K wbwl× dj Avnvi Kivi ìæb ¯^M© †_‡K weZvwoZ nIqvi Kvwnbx wb‡q GB gnvKve¨wU
iwPZ n‡q‡Q| 1658 †_‡K 1664 mv‡ji g‡a¨ iPbv K‡ib Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost Gi Book msL¨v 12 wU
(12wU m‡M© iwPZ)| GwU gy³ Q‡›` iwPZ gnvKve¨ hv 1667 mv‡j 10wU L‡Ð cÖKvwkZ n‡jI 1674 mv‡j 2q L‡Û ms¯‹i‡Y GwU
12 L‡Û cÖKvwkZ nq| kqZvb Ck^‡ii weiæ‡× hy× †NvlYv K‡i Ges wb‡Ri c‡ÿ Angel ‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i| Ckî kqZvb I
Zvi m½x‡ì‡K ¯^M© †_‡K bi‡K wb‡ÿc Ki‡j Zviv Ck^‡ii weiæ‡× hy‡×i cÖ¯ÍywZ †bq| Zv‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ kqZvb e³…Zv †`q|
bvUKwU‡Z kqZv‡bi GKwU weL¨vZ Dw³: “Better to reign in Hell, than serve in Heaven.” (¯^‡M© `vmZ¡ Kivi †P‡q
bi‡K ivRv nIqv AwaKZi fv‡jv)| ewY©Z Kv‡e¨ Adam I Eve Gi NUbv _vK‡jI g~jZ GLv‡b Ckî I kqZv‡bi weev`‡K
†K›`ª K‡iB g~j Kvwnbx AvewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| Milton ivRZ‡š¿i `y:mn e¨v_v wb‡q Ck^‡ii wewa-weavb‡K ¯§iY K‡i‡Qb| “To
justify the way of God to man”.
Paradise Regained: GwU 4 (Pvi) L‡Ð wef³| G Kve¨wU c~e©eZx© Paradise Lost Gi cwic~iK Ask| D‡jøL¨,
Paradise Lost I Paradise Regained Kve¨ `ywU Kwe AÜ Ae¯’vq wj‡LwQ‡jb|
Quick Memory Tips: Rb wgë‡bi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg© g‡b ivLvi †KŠkj: SP Lycides
S= Samson Agonistes
P= Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained
Lycides= Lycides.
John Keats (Rb KxU&m ,1795-1821)

Zuvi Dcvwamg~n:
➢ Poet of Beauty (‡mŠ›`‡h©ï Kwe)
➢ Poet of Sensuousness (Bw›`ªqcivqYZvi Kwe)
➢ A Pure Poet (LuvwU/weï×Zvi Kwe)
➢ Man of Medicine (wPwKrmvwe` )
John Keats m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:

➢ Keats wQ‡jb Romantic Kwe‡ì g‡a¨ me‡P‡q Young.
➢ wZwb wQ‡jb Worshipper of Beauty (‡mŠ›`‡h©ï c~Rvix)
➢ Zuv‡K ejv nq Poet of beauty ÔwPimy›`‡ii KweÕ|
➢ Keats Gi Kvwe¨K RMZUv‡K we‡klvwqZ Kiv hvq- Sensuousness, Hellenism, negative capability,
aestheticism Ges escapism wn‡m‡e|
➢ Keats AwaK cwiwPZ Zvi Sense of beauty Gi Rb¨|
➢ Negative capability: It means the ability to keep one aloof from one’s poetry.
➢ Keats gvÎ 26 eQi eq‡m h²v (Tuberculosis-T.B) †iv‡M gviv hvb|
 Poems (1817)
 Endymion (1818)
Poetry  Lamia and other poems (1820)
 Isabella (1820)
 Hyperion (1820)
 Ode to a Nightingale (IW Uz bvBwUs‡Mj)

 Ode on a Grecian urn (IW Ab G †MÖwmqvb Avb©)
 Ode on Melancholy (IW Ab †gjvbKwj)
Poems
 Ode to Autumn (IW Uz AUvg)
 Ode to Psyche
 Ode to Fancy
Sonnet  On First looking into Chapman’s Homer (1816)
Quick Memory Tips:

Keats Gi Poems g‡b ivLvi †KŠkj: MEGH NILA
MEGH NILA
M = Melancholy N = Nightingale
E = Endymion I = Isabella
G = Grecian Urn L = Lamia
H = Hyperion A = Autumn
Zuvi weL¨vZ Dw³: ‡Kv‡Ukb cvU© †`Lyb|
wb‡¤œ John Keats Gi weL¨vZ KweZvmg~‡ni Askwe‡kl e½vbyev` + KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿc †Ìqv n‡jv|
Ode on Grecian Urn IW Ab G †MÖwmqvb Avb©
–– John Keats –– Rb wKUm
When old age shall this generation waste, hLb Avm‡e e„×Kvj, eskvwj wb‡e we`vq
Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe ZLbI Zzwg †gv‡ì c‡iI A‡bï †e`bvq i‡e weivRgvb
Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st, gvby‡li eÜz i‡e Avi i‡e Zzwg
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,"—that is all my›ìB mZ¨, mZ¨B my›ì , GB †kl K_v
Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.” g‡Z©ï Rv‡bv mevB, Rvbvi ìKvi ZvB|
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿc t Kwe Rb wKUm& Zuvi weL¨vZ MxwZ KweZv Ò Ode on Grecian Urn Ó KweZvq cÖvPxb wMÖ‡mi KviæKvh©gq
GKwU f®§vav‡ii ˆkwíK w`KwU eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb: “Life is short but art is long” (gvby‡li Rxeb bkî wKš‘ wkí
Awebkî,k^vkZ|) Kwe g‡b K‡ib, GB f®§vav‡I AswKZ n‡q‡Q cÖvPxb wMÖ‡mi ‡jvKMuv_v, cÖvPxb Av‡K©wWqvi cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©|
Av‡K©wWqv cÖvPxb wMÖ‡mi GKwU AÂj|
Ode on Melancholy IW Ab †gjvbKwj
She dwells with Beauty—Beauty that must die; ‡m (wcÖqvi) Ae¯’vb †mŠ›`‡h©i gv‡S-†mŠ›`‡h©i giY n‡e wbðq
And Joy, whose hand is ever at his lips Avi Avb›`, hvi nvZ _v‡K †Vvu‡Ui Dc‡i|
Bidding adieu; and aching Pleasure nigh, cÖ¯‘wZ †bq we`vq Rvbv‡Z Zxeª †e`bv Ae¯’vb †bq KvQvKvwQ
Turning to poison while the bee-mouth sips: cy‡®ú c‡o _v‡K wel †gŠgvwQ gay †U‡b †bevi ci;
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿc t Kwe Rb wKUm& Zuvi weL¨vZ MxwZ KweZv Ò Ode on Melancholy Ó KweZvq myL I `yt‡Li wewfbœ w`K bvbv
Dcgv I iæc‡Ki gva¨‡g Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Kwe e‡j‡Qb `ytLev`xiv ïay `ytL Luy‡R †eovq wKš‘ Zviv Rv‡bbv †h `yt‡Li mvM‡i AeMvnb
K‡iB myL‡K wQwb‡q Avb‡Z nq| wZwb e‡jb, mwZ¨Kvi †h †e`bv‡eva †mwU Ae¯’vb K‡i G‡Kev‡i myL †fv‡Mi gwa¨Lv‡b|
Ode to Autumn IW Uz IUvg
Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness, Kzqvkv Avi imv‡jv dj djvwÌ wgó FZz
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun; Zzwg Nwbó wcÖqmx m~‡q©i ;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless AvMgb †Zvgvi dw›` K‡i †Kg‡b Ki‡e imv‡jv Avi Avwk©ev`
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run; cyó
Kzu‡o N‡ii Qov‡bv jZv, wN‡i Av‡Q Av½y‡ii Øviv;
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿc t wZb ¯Íe‡Ki G KweZvq Kwe Rb wKUm& kir FZz‡K bvbv iyc êwP‡Î¨ my›ìfv‡e dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb| GB KweZvq
cÖ_‡g Kwe kir FZzi ¯^vfvweK Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Gici wØZxq ¯Íe‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, kir Avi †Kvb FZz bq eis †m ZLb †`Lv
hvq bvixiæ‡c Ges em‡šÍi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i Kwe e‡jb-
Where are the songs of spring? Ay, Where are they? (‡Kv_vq AvR emšÍ m½xZ? I‡n,Zviv †Kv_vq?
Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,( ‡f‡evbv GK`g Zv‡ì, †ZvgviI i‡q‡Q †miKg nvRviI Mvb gb Kvov,)
hv‡nvK, GwU GKwU ‡kvKMvu_v KweZv hv Kwe kir‡K Dcjÿ K‡iB iPbv K‡i‡Qb|
On First Looking into Chapman's Homer Ab dv÷ jywKs Bb Uy P¨vcg¨vbÕm †nvgvi
Much have I travell'd in the realms of gold, A‡bK Ny‡iwQ Avwg ¯^Y©gwÛZ bvbv iv‡R¨,
And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; ‡`‡LwQ A‡bK ivR¨, Rbc`, †mŠ›`‡h©i cÖKvk;
Round many western islands have I been Ny‡iwQ `~i cwð‡gi KZ bv Øx‡c
Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold. †m_v KZ bv Kwe‡ì evm A¨v‡cv‡jvi AvIZvq|
KweZvi mvi-ms‡ÿc t Kwe Rb wKUm& Zuvi “On First Looking into Chapman's Homer” KweZvq RR© P¨vcg¨vb KZ…©K
Ab~w`Z †nvgv‡ii gnvKve¨ cvV K‡i ixwZg‡Zv wew¯§Z| KweZvi ïiæ‡ZB wZwb e‡jb, wZwb A‡bK eY©vW¨ ivR¨ cwiågY K‡i‡Qb, Ny‡i
†`‡L‡Qb KZbv ØxccyÄ, A‡bK Rbc‡_i †mŠ›`h© Ae‡jvKb K‡i‡Qb `yÕ‡PvL f‡i wKš‘ G‡ZvUv gy» nbwb hZUv n‡q‡Qb †nvgvii
Abyev` cvV K‡i|
Figure of Speech:
✓ Much have I travell'd in the realms of gold – Metaphor.
‡R‡b ivLv fvj:
Title Name
A poet who was professionally known as a man of medicine John Keats
A poet who was clergyman by profession George Herbert
A police officer in Burma of the Indian sub-continent George Orwell
Elizabeth Barrett Browning (GwjRv‡e_ e¨v‡iU eªvDwbs ,1806-1861)

Elizabeth Barret Browning m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:
➢ Elizabeth Barret Browning n‡jb wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi weL¨vZ bvix mvwnwZ¨K|
➢ wZwb weL¨vZ Kwe Robert Browning Gi ¯¿x|
➢ eªvDwbs Gi mv‡_ Zvi †cÖg I weev‡ni Kvwnbx mvwn‡ZÏ BwZnv‡mi cvZvq
Awe¯§iYxqfv‡e ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|

Poems  How do I love thee GwU Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZv|
 Sonnets from Portuguses
 Consolation
 Grief
 Lost Mistress
Novel  Aurora leigh

How Do I Love Thee? (Sonnet 43) ‡Kg‡b †Zvgvq evwm‡Mv fv‡jv ?
Elizabeth Barrett Browning GwjRv‡e_ e¨v‡iU eªvDwbs
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. KZUv fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq? Ki‡Z `vI Zvi wn‡me Avgvq|
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height ‡Zvgvq Avwg fv‡jvevwm Mfxifv‡e, wbtk^v‡m-cÖk^v‡m Avi ZZUv
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight D”PZvq| Avgvi AvZ¥v _v‡K †Zvgvi cv‡k, h‡e hvI `„wói Avov‡j
For the ends of being and ideal grace. Avgvi mg¯Í mË¡v Luy‡R wd‡i †Zvgvi Av`k© Avi gvqvRvj|
I love thee to the level of every day's ‡Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm ZZ, †eu‡P _vK‡Z wRwb‡mi cÖ‡qvRb hZ;
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. hv GKvšÍB cÖ‡qvRb Rxeb c‡_, kc_ Kwi w`b Avi iv‡Zi |
I love thee freely, as men strive for right. fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq ¯^vaxbfv‡e, †hgb gvbyl jovB K‡i AwaKv‡ii Z‡i
I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq mwZ¨Kv‡i, †hgb K‡i Zviv cÖksmv K‡i wd‡i
I love thee with the passion put to use fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq †mB mZ¨ Av‡eM wb‡q
In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. ‡hgb mZ¨ Avgvi eva©‡Kï e¨_v Avi evj¨Kv‡ji wek^vm|
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq, †hb AvcvZ nvwi‡q †djv fv‡jvevmv e‡j
With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, ¯ªóvi fv‡jvevmvq- wbtk^v‡m fv‡jvevwm †Zvgvq,
Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, nvwm‡Z evwm, evwm Kvbœvq fv‡jv, evwm AvRxeb awi! hw` Ckî
I shall but love thee better after death. Pvq
gi‡Yi c‡iI Av‡iv †ewk fv‡jvevme †Zvgvq|
KweZvi mvi- ms‡ÿc t Òm‡bU 43Ó GwjRv‡e_ e¨v‡iU eªvDwbs Gi 1847 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ Òm‡bUm& d«g w` ciZzMxRÓ Kve¨MÖš’
†_‡K †bIqv| wZwb GB Kv‡eï 44wU m‡bU ievU© eªvDwbs‡K wN‡iB iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi cÖwZwU m‡b‡Ui gv‡S dz‡U D‡V‡Q
Zuvi Zuvi ¯^vgxi cÖwZ Zuvi Mfxi kÖ×v I fw³ I AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmvi wbweoZg cÖKvk|
Òm‡bU 43Ó KweZvi gv‡S Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB e¨v‡iU Zuvi ¯^vgx‡K KZUv fv‡jvev‡mb GUv wZwb nVvr K‡iB ej‡Z cvi‡eb
bv| wZwb Zuvi ¯^vgx‡K KZUv fv‡jvev‡mb Gi Rb¨ wn‡me Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Kwe e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi Rb¨ fv‡jvevmv Zuvi ü`‡qi
me Lvwb RvqMv Ry‡o weivRgvb| wZwb ¯^vgx‡K wbtk^v‡m-wek^v‡m. Rxe‡b I gi‡Y Mfxifv‡e fv‡jve‡mb| Kwe GUvI e‡j‡Qb
Ckî PvB‡j gi‡Yi c‡iI Zuv‡K fv‡jvevm‡eb|
wZwb Zv‡K †Pv‡Li Avovj n‡jI me mgq †hb cv‡kB cvb, KviY Kwei ü`‡q evm K‡ib Zuvi ¯^vgx| wZwb Zv‡K Zuvi ˆ`bw›`b
Rxe‡bi me KvRK‡g©i gv‡S wewiofv‡e Rwo‡q _v‡Kb| ZvB wZwb w`b I iv‡Zi kc_ K‡i e‡jb, Zuvi Rxe‡b ievU© eªvDwbs
GK AZ¨vek¨Kxq Dcv`vb hv bv n‡j Zuvi c‡ÿ Rxeb aviY K‡i †eu‡P _vKv Am¤¢e| Avi Zuvi cÖwZ Zuvi †h fv‡jvevmv Av‡Q
Zv‡Z †Kvb Awek¦v‡mi †Quvqv †bB eis Zv‡Z Av‡Q evj¨Kv‡ji mijZv Avi wek¦vm| KviY wkgyKvj †_‡K e„×Kvj ch©šÍ Zuv
fv‡jvevmv KL‡bvB ¤øvb n‡e bv| Rxe‡bi nvwm-Kvbœv, Avb›`-‡e`bv, Rxe‡bi me wKQzi mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q ievU© eªvDwbs| ZvB
wZwb KweZvi †k‡l wZwb e‡j‡Qb, hw` Ck¦i Pvb Z‡e wZwb Zuvi m¦vgx‡K (ievU© eªvDwbs‡K) g„Zzï c‡iI fv‡jvevm‡eb|
Quotations from Drama /Poetry of different ages

BCS mn AwaKvsk cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvq weL¨vZ Bs‡iR Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K Ges gbxlx‡ì Dw³i Dci cÖkœ n‡q _v‡K| Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Z¨ cÖPzi †Kv‡Ukb i‡q‡Q, hv mswÿß cwim‡i †Ìqv m¤¢e bq| William Shakespeare Gi †jLv †_‡K me‡P‡q †ewk †Kv‡Ukb
cvIqv hvq| GQvovI Francis Bacon, Marlowe, Pope, Shelley, Keats, Wordsworth, Coleridge , John Donne
cÖgyL mvwnwZ¨‡Ki weL¨vZ Dw³¸‡jvi Dci we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| ZvB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvwnwZ¨K‡ì weL¨vZ Dw³ evsjv A_©, DrmMÖš ’ I
Dw³Kvixi bvgmn ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvovI Quotations from Different Discipline bv‡g Avjv`v Av‡qvRb i‡q‡Q|
William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ Dw³
Source (Drm) Quotation & quoter (Dw³ I Dw³Kvixi bvg )
King Lear ➢ “I am a man more sinned against than sinning.”
(Avwg hZUv Ab¨vq K‡iwQ Zvi †P‡q †ewk m‡qwQ|) – King Lear
➢ “My love is richer than my tongue.” (Avgvi fv‡jvevmv gy‡L †evSv‡bv m¤¢e
bq|) – Cordelia, Lear’s younest daughter
N.B: It is an example of hyperbole.
➢ “Nothing will come of nothing.” (KviY webv Kvh© nq bv)
– Speech of Lear to Cordelia
➢ “How sharper than a serpent’s tooth it is to have than thankless child!
” (AK…ZÁ mšÍvb mv‡ci wel `vu‡Zi †P‡qI Zxÿè) – King Lear
➢ Unhappy I am, I can’t heave
My heart into my mouth, I lve your majesty
According to my bond, no more, nor less. (AmyLx Avwg,g‡bi K_v gy‡L ewj‡Z
cvwibv ZvB, fv‡jvevwm Avcbv‡i i‡³i eÜ‡b, Zvi Kg wKsev †ewk bq|)
– Cordelia to King
Lear
➢ As flies to wanton boys are we to the Gods-
They kill us for their sport. (gvwQiv D”Q…•Lj †Q‡j‡ì Kv‡Q †hgwb, †Ljv”Q‡j Lyb
K‡i †èZviv Avgv‡ì †Zgwb|) – Glucester.
➢ Ingratitude, thou marble-hearted fiend,
More hideous when thou showest thee in a child
Than a sea monster! (AK…ZÁ mšÍv‡bi cv_y‡i ü`q, mgy‡`ªi ˆ`Z¨ ev wckv‡Pi †P‡qI
wbôzi|) – King Lear to Goneril
➢ “Here I stand your slave,
A poor, infirm, weak, and despised old man.”
(GLv‡b ùvwo‡q †Zvgvi `vm, `yf©vMv , RivMÖ¯’, `ye©j I N„wbZ e„‡×i _vm|)
➢ Men must endure
Their going hence even as their coming hither;
Ripeness is all. (hLb wec` Av‡m ZLb ‡Zvgv‡K âh©kxj I AvZ¥ mshgx n‡Z n‡e|)
– Edgar to Gloucester.
➢ Come, let’s away to prison
We two alone will sing like birds I’th cage.
(&G‡mvBbv GKUvbv †K‡U hvK KvivMv‡i
LuvPvq Ave× cvwLi g‡Zv Mvb MvB‡Z nvB‡Z hv‡ev Icv‡i|) – King Lear to
Cordelia
➢ “When we are born, we cry that we are come to this great stage of
fools.” ( ‡evKv‡ì wekvj i½g‡Â G‡m covq Rb¥‡ZB Avgiv Kuvw`| ) – King Lear
Hamlet ➢“Frailty (noun), thy name is woman”.(‡n Qjbvgqx (webóKvix), †Zvgvi Av‡iK
bvg bvix) – Prince Hamlet
➢“There is nothing good or bad but thinking makes it so.” (fv‡jv ev g›`
ej‡Z c„w_ex‡Z wKQzB †bB, wPšÍvB †Kvb wKQz‡K fv‡jv ev g›` evbvq) – Prince Hamlet
➢ “Brevity is the soul of wit” (msw¶ßZv iwmKZvi cÖvY / msw¶ßZv eyw×gËvi g~j)
– Polonius to Claudius
➢ Though this be madness, yet there is method in it. ( ) –
➢ “To be or not to be that is the question.” (GB Dw³wU Øviv gvbe g‡bi
wm×všÍnxbZvi ewn:cÖKvk N‡U‡Q|) – Prince Hamlet
N.B: It is an example of soliloquy.
➢ “A little more than kin, less than kind” (AvZ¥x‡qi †P‡q GKUy ‡ewk Ges mvayi
Zzjbvq Kg) – Prince Hamlet
➢ “When sorrows come, they come not single spies but in battalions.”
(wec` KLbI GKv Av‡m bv) –Claudius to Gertrude
➢ “There are more things in heaven and earth.” (¯^M© I c„w_ex‡Z Av‡iv A‡bK
wRwbm i‡q‡Q Avgv‡ì ¯^cœ I `k©‡b) – Prince Hamlet
➢ “I must be cruel only to be kind;
Thus bad begins and worse remains behind.” (Aek¨B Avwg wbôzi n‡ev `qvjy
nIqvi Rb¨; Zv bv n‡j g›` ïiæ n‡e, g›`Zi i‡e wc‡Q) – Hamlet
➢ O God! O God! How weary stale and unprofitable; seem to me all
the uses of this world.( ‡n Ckî wK K¬vwšÍKi, RivRxY© I wbi_©K mewKQz; cvw_©eZv
†hb †RŠjyknxb, Zey Pwj Qy‡U Gi wcQz|) Hamlet
➢ What is a man ; If this chief good and market of this time
Be but to sleep and feed ? A beast, no more. (wK wb‡q gvbyl gË G f‡e!
†L‡q, Nywg‡qB Aw¯ÍZ¡ †kl, cï bq wK Z‡e?) – Hamlet
➢ “Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice; Take each man's
censure, but reserve thy judgment.”(cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki K_v ‡kvb, wKš‘ Aí †jv‡Ki
mv‡_ e‡jv; cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Aby‡hvM †kvb wKš‘ P‡jv Avcb wePv‡i|)
– Polonius to his son, Laertes
➢ One step forward and two steps backward.(GKcv AvMv‡j `yÕcv wcQvB)
➢ Forty thousand brother’s love
Could not with all their quantity of love
Make up my sum. (Avgvi fv‡jvevmv mywekvj| Pwjøk nvRvi fvB‡qi fv‡jvevmv

GKÎ
Ki‡j Avgvi fv‡jvevmvi mgvb n‡ebv|) – Hamlet
Romeo and Juliet ➢“If love be blind, It best agrees with night.” (hw` fvjevmv nq AÜ, Z‡e ivwÎi
mv‡_ wgZvwjB me‡P‡q fvj) – Juliet
➢“It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.” (GUv nq c~e©, hw` Rywj‡qU nq m~h©) –
Romeo
➢“For you and I are past our dancing day.”(Zywg Ges Avwg Avgv‡ì ‡mvbvjx w`b
cvi K‡i G‡mwQ) – Capulet
➢“Tempt not a desperate man.” (fvev_©t hw` Zzwg Db¥v` gvbyl‡K wei³ K‡iv, Z‡e
Zzwg hv cÖZ¨vkvi †P‡q †ewk k³ cÖwZwµqv †c‡Z cv‡iv) – Romeo
➢“ What light through yonder window breaks.” (A`~‡ii Rvbvjv Mwj‡q Af‚Zc~e©
Av‡jv †hb wVK‡i c‡o) – Soliloquy of Romeo to Juliet
➢“ These voilent love delights have violent ends.”(Ggb gvivZ¥K Av‡e‡Mi
fv‡jvevmv Avb›`B wech©‡hi w`‡K avweZ K‡i‡Q|) – Friar Lawrence to Romeo
Julius Caesar ➢“Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste
of death but once.” (fxiæiv givi Av‡M evi evi g‡i wKš‘ mvnmxiv g‡i GKevi|) –
Julius Caesar to Calpurnia
N.B: It is an example of Paradox .
➢“Veni, Vidi, Vici”(Avmjvg, †`Ljvg, Rq Kijvg ) – Julius Caesar
N.B: It is an example of Climax.
King Henry ➢“Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown. ” (gyKzU cwiwnZ e¨w³ kvwšÍ‡Z Nygv‡Z
cv‡i bv / ‡h wk‡i gyKyU _v‡K ‡m wki ¯^w¯Í‡Z _v‡K bv|) – King Henry
➢ “Men of few words are the best men.” (¯^ífvlx gvbylB DËg gvbyl)
– Speech of Boy in Henry V
➢“A man can die but once.” (ïaygvÎ GKeviB g‡i gvbyl, Kvcy‡li Aw¯ÍZ¡ †hb dvbym)
– Feeble
Twelfth Night ➢“Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have
greatness thrust upon them.” ( †KD †KD L¨vwZgvb n‡q Rb¥vq, †KD †KD L¨vwZ
AR©b K‡i Ges Kv‡iv Kv‡iv Dci L¨vwZ Pvwc‡q †`qv nq|) – Malvalio
➢“All’s well that ends well (that).” (‡kl fvj hvi me fvj Zvi) –Helena, scene
iv
➢“ If music be the food of love, play on” (hw` ev`¨ nq fvjevmvi Lv`¨, Z‡e
evRvI) – Duke Orsino
➢“ Love sought is good but unsought is better.” (fv‡jvevmv Luy‡R †bIqv fv†jv
wKš‘ bv PvB‡Z cvIqv Av‡iv fv‡jv) – Olivia
A Midsummer ➢“ The course of True love never did run smooth.” (mwZ¨Kvi fvjevmvi c_
Night’s Dream KLbI gm„Y nq bv) – Lysander to Hermina
➢“ Love Looks not with the eyes but with mind.” (hvi mv‡_ hvi g‡R gb, wKev
nvwo wKev †Wvg ) – Helena
➢“My soul is in the sky.”(gZ©¨ †Q‡o gg AvZœv K‡i ¯^‡M© weiv‡R )- Pyramus
As You Like It ➢“All the world's a stage

And all the men and women are merely players.” (mgMÖ c„w_exUvB i½gÂ
Ges
mKj bi-bvix G g‡Âi Awf‡bZv-Awf‡bÎx|) – Jaques
➢“Sweet are the uses of adversity”. (‡h ‡Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡MI Kj¨vY wbwnZ _v‡K / K‡ói
dj wgwó nq|) – Duke Senior
➢ “To the last gasp with truth and loyalty.” (mZ¨ Ges AvbyM‡Zï mv‡_B †kl
wbtk^vm Z¨vM Kiv ) – Adam
➢ “I’ll have no husband, if you be not he.” (Avgvi †Kvb ¯^vgx _vK‡e bv, hw` bv
ZzwgB †m nI) – Rosalind to Orlando
➢“ Love is merely a madness.”( fv‡jvevmv DòZv Qvov wK wKQz! Av‡eMx ü‡` avIqv
†bq wcQy !! ) – Rosalind
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï ivRKwe (Court Poets of England)
Poet Laureate n‡jb †Kvb †`‡ki mfvKwe| ‡MÖU weª‡U‡b, †h mKj Kwe‡ì ivR m¤§vbbv †Ìqv n‡Zv A_©vr, ivRv wKsev
ivwb KZ…©K wbhy³ ivR m¤§vwbZ Kwe‡ì Court Poets of England ejv n‡Zv| Poet Laureate †ì KweZvq RvZxq
Rxe‡bi cÖwZdjb †`Lv hvq| Zuviv RvZxq Rxe‡bi we‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`b D`&hvc‡bi Rbª KweZv iPbv K‡ib|
(The poet laureate is the official poet of a country. In Great Britain, a poet appointed for life as
an officer of the royal household, formerly expected to write poems in celebration of court and
national events is called court poet of England.)
wb‡¤œ Zvu‡ì bvg I ZvwjKv †Ìqv n‡jv:
Year Names
1617 Ben Jonson **
1670 John Dryden **
1689 Thomas Shadwell
1785 Thomas Walton
1787 Thomas Gray
1813 Robert Southey
1843 William Wordsworth ***
1850 Lord Alfred Tennyson ***
1896 Alfred Austin
1913 Robert Bridge
1930 John Masefield
KwZcq †jL‡Ki bv‡gi c~Y©iæc (Elaboration of the names of some writers)
Short Names Elaboration of the Names
A.C. Bradley Andrew Cecil Bradley
A.C. Rossetti Andrew Cecil Rossetti
D.G. Rossetti Dante Gabriel Rossetti
D.H. Lawrence David Herbert Lawrence
E.M. Forster Edward Morgan Forster
F.R. Leavis Frank Raymond Leavi
G.B. Shaw George Bernard Shaw

H.G. Wells Herbert George Wells
J.K. Rowling Joanne Kathleen Rowling
J.M. Synge John Millington Synge
M.K. Rowling Marjorie Kinan Rowling
O’ Neill Eugene O’Neill
P.B. Shelley Percy Bysshe Shelley
R.L. Stevenson Robert Louis Balfour Stevenso
R.K. Narayan Rasipuram Krishnaswami Narayanswami
S.T.Coleridge Samuel Taylor Coleridge
T.S. Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot
W.H. Auden Wystan Hugh Auden
W.B.Yeats William Butler Yeats
BPSC Standard-15 Model Tests

Model Test-01
1. Who wrote “A thing of beauty is a joy forever.”?
a. William Wordsworth b. John Keats
c. P B Shelley d. William Shakespeare
2. ‘A Voyage to Lilliput is written by –
a. Thomas Hardy b. S.T. Coleridge
c. Lord Byron d. Jonathan Swift
3. “Youth like summer morn and brave” is an example of --.
a. Metaphor b. Personification
c. Simile d. None
4. Who is the father of modern English Poetry?
a. Cynewulf b. Geoffrey Chaucer
c. Robert Browning d. None of the above
5. Of the following authors, who wrote an epic?
a. John Milton b. Jane Mansfield
c. William Cowper d. Christopher Marlowe
6. Which of the following was not a Romantic poet – ?
a. Tennyson b. William Wordsworth
c. Shelley d. Keats
7. “King Lear” is –
a. Play b. a novel
c. an essay d. a poem
8. What is an Allusion?
a. A kind of old poem b. Literature about children
c. A kind of reference d. A kind of science fiction
9. Who is the author of “Jane Eyre”?
a. Jane Austen b. Charlotte Bronte
c. Virginia Woolf d. Doris Lessing
10. Who is called the “Bard of Avon”?

a. Edmund Spenser b. William Shakespeare
c. Lord Byron d. None of the above
11. Which is the best piece of work by Chaucer?
a. The Utopia b. Canterbury Tales
c. The Faerie Queen d. The Paradise lost.
12. William Shakespeare was born in –
a. 1616 b. 1716
c. 1516 d. 1564
13. The main theme of the poem “ I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” Is – .
a. Nature exists human imagination b. Nature is harmful for human being
c. Nature is beautiful d. We can find solace in nature
14. “Heart of Darkness” is written by-
a. Joseph Conrad b. James Joyce
c. R.S. Eliot d. Charles Dickens
15. Find the odd- one –out
a. The Sound and the Fury b. As I Lay Dying
c. A View from the Bridge d. Light in August
Answer Key
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
b d c b a a a c b b b d d a c
A Gateway to English Literature  S M Shamim Ahmed
10g †_‡K 42Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi cixÿvi e¨vL¨vmn wbf©yj cÖkœ mgvavb
10th BCS Preliminary Test
1. Who is the author of ‘Animal Farm’?

a. Thomas More b. George Orwell
c. Boris Pasternak. d. Charles Dickens Ans- b
Explanation: George Orwell fvi‡Z Rb¥MÖnYKvix weªwUk bvMwiK| Bs‡iR Jcb¨vwmK George Orwell
Gi cªK…Z bvg Eric Arthur Blair (1903-1950)| wZwb GKvav‡i English Novelist, Essayist, Critic
I Journalist wQ‡jb| Animal Farm (1945) Zuvi iwPZ GKwU iƒcKag©x Dcb¨vm A_©vr Allegorical Novel.
GB Dcb¨v‡m wZwb †mvwf‡qZ we‡ivax Kvwnbx Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg© -‘Burmese
Days’(1934), ‘A Clergymen’s Daughter’( 1935) I ‘Nineteen Eighty Four’(1949).
2. Who is the author of ‘India Wins Freedom’?
a. Mahatma Gandhi b. J. L. Nehru
c. Abul Kalam Azad d. Moulana Akram Khan Ans- c
Explanation: ‘India Wins Freedom’ HwZnvwmK MÖšw’ U fvi‡Zi cÖ_g wkÿvgš¿x, fviZxq RvZxq Ks‡MÖm
‡cÖwm‡W›U, ag© we‡klÁ I Ab¨Zg weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi AMÖcw_K gvIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg KZ…©K iwPZ| gvIjvbv
Aveyj Kvjvg (11 b‡f¤î, 1888-22 †deªæqvix, 1958) Gi c~Y© bvgt Aveyj Kvjvg ‡Mvjvg gwnDwÏb Avn‡g` web
LvBiæwÏb Avj&-ûmvBwb AvRv` (Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin Ahmed bin Khairuddin Al-
Hussaini Azad). ‘India Wins Freedom’ MÖ‡š’ wZwb weªwUk kvmbKvjxb mg‡q fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki
bvbvwea mgm¨v-msK‡Ui K_v Ges fviZ KLb, wKfv‡e m¦vaxbZv jvf Kij Zvi we¯Íi eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| fviZxq wkÿv
eë¯’vq we‡kl Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ Zuvi Rb¥w`‡b A_©vr 11 b‡f¤^‡i fvi‡Z wkÿv wèm cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨
ُ
MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qt Ghubar-e-Khatir, Tazkirah, Tarjumanul Quran (Urdu ‫)تذکرہ ترجمان القران‬, etc.
3. Who is the author of ‘A Farewell to Arms’?
a. H.G. Wells b. George Orwell
c. Thomas Hardy d. Ernest Hemingway Ans- d
Explanation: Ernest Hemingway Zuvi iwPZ AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK Dcb¨vm “A Farewell to Arms” G
hy×ve¯’vq bi-bvixi †cÖ‡gi msKU‡K my›ìfv‡e dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb| Av‡gwiKvb ‡jLK Ernest Hemingway Gi
weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm¸‡jv- “The Sun Also Rises (1926)”, “A Farewell to Arms (1929)”, “For Whom
the Bell Tolls (1940)”, “The Old Man and the Sea (1952)”. wek kZ‡Ki †kÖô gvwK©b Jcb¨vwmK I
mvsevw`K ‡jLK Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) 1954 mv‡j ‘The Old Man and The Sea’ Gi
Rb¨ mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|
1. Who is the poet of the ‘Victorian Age’?

a. Helen Keller b. Mathew Arnold
c. Shakespeare d. Robert Browning Ans- d
Explanation: ‘Victorian Age’(1832-1901) Queen Victoria Gi bvgvbymv‡i bvgKiY Kiv nq| G
hy‡Mi Kwe‡ì g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg -Robert Browning, Mathew Arnold, Alfred Tennyson, Charles
Dickens, Emily Bronte, George Eliot, Thomas Hardy cÖgyL| Robert Browning I Mathew
Arnold `yRbB Victorian Age’ Gi Kwe| Z‡e Ack‡b `yR‡bi bvg _vK‡j Robert Browning ‡K
AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e |
A documentary book on Engish Literature for BCS & other competitive Exams
myZivs mwVK DËi d |
‘Victorian Age’ Gi Kwe‡ì bvg g‡b ivLvi †KŠkjt mvwK‡ei e¨v‡U (BAT) e¨vcK †÷ªvK Av‡Q|
B Browning
A Arnold
T Tennyson
2. Who is the author of ‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’?
a. Charles Dickens b. Homer
c. Lord Tennyson d. Ernest Hemingway Ans- d
Explanation: weL¨vZ American mvwnwZ¨K Ernest Hemingway Gi KvjRqx Dcb¨vm ‘For Whom
the Bell Tolls’ (1940)|
3. ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’ was stated by-
a. Disraeli b. Emerson
c. Gladstone d. Shakespeare Ans- c
Explanation:‘wej¤^ wePvi, wePv‡ii bv‡g cÖnmbÕ Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb Gladstone| Gladstone (1809-1898)
wQ‡jb GKRb weªwUk Statesman Ges Liberal Politician. Zuvi c~Y© bvg- William Ewart Gladstone| Zuvi Dcvwa-
“Grand Old Man of Britain.” Zuvi Av‡iKwU weL¨vZ Dw³ n‡jv- “Justice hurried is justice buried.”
( Zvovû‡ov K‡i wePvi Kiv gv‡b b¨vqwePvi‡K Kei †Ìqv|)

1. ‘Caesar and Cleopatra’ is-
a. a tragedy by Shakespeare b. a play by G. B. Shaw
c. a poem by Lord Byron d. a novel by S. T. Coleridge Ans- b
Explanation: G.B. Shaw ‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K AvaywbK hy‡Mi Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï RbK| AvBwik AvaywbK
bvU¨Kvi G.B. Shaw Gi HwZnvwmK bvUK ‘Caesar and Cleopatra’ (1901).Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ bvUK
n‡jv - ‘Arms and the Man’, ‘Man and Superman’, ‘Doctor’s Dilemma’, ‘Caesar and
Cleopatra’, ‘Candida’ I ‘Joan of Arc’ BZ¨vw`| Aciw`‡K, ‘Antony and Cleopatra’, ‘Julius
Caesar’, William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ Uª¨v‡RwW|
2. Who is the greatest modern English dramatist?
a. Virginia Woolf b. George Bernard Shaw
c. P. B. Shelley d. S. T. Coleridge Ans- b
Explanation: AvaywbK Kv‡ji †kÖô bvU¨Kvi n‡jb G.B. Shaw (George Bernard Shaw). G.B. Shaw
‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K AvaywbK hy‡Mi Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï RbK| Virginia Woolf AvaywbK hy‡Mi GKRb novelist.
P. B. Shelley Ges S. T. Coleridge n‡jb †ivgvw›UK hy‡Mi weL¨vZ Kwe| myZivs mwVK DËi b.
3. Who is the author of ‘A Farewell to Arms’?
a. T. S. Eliot b. John Milton
c. Plato d. Ernest Hemingway Ans- d
Explanation: 10g wewmG‡mi 3 bs Explanation ‡`Lyb|
4. Who is the modern philosopher who was awarded Noble Prize in literature?
a. James Baker b. Dr. Kissinger
c. Bertrand Russell d. Lenin Ans- c
Explanation: `vk©wbK‡ì g‡a¨ mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvb Bertrand Russell. wZwb wQ‡jb GKvav‡i weªwUk
`vk©wbK, ‡jLK, MwYZwe` I ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡| wZwb 1950 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|
5. Who is the most famous satirist in English literature?
a. Alexander Pope b. Jonathan Swift
c. William Wordsworth d. Butler Ans- b
Explanation: Jonathan Swift Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï me‡P‡q weL¨vZ Satirist (ig¨‡jLK)| ig¨ mvwnZ¨ iPbvi
Rb¨B wZwb weL¨vZ| Zvui ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ MÖš’wU weL¨vZ Satirical MÖš’| Jonathan Swift Zvui Dcb¨vm
‘Gulliver’s Travels’ iPbv K‡i satirist Dcvwa jvf K‡ib| Alexander Pope GKRb Mock Heroic
Poet. The Rape of the Lock Kve¨wU Kwe Alexander Pope Mock Heroic Epic ixwZ‡Z iPbv
K‡i‡Qb| William Wordsworth GKRb weL¨vZ †ivgvw›UK Kwe| Butler GKRb weL¨vZ Kwe Ges ig¨‡jLK|

1. The Rainbow is-
a. a poem by Wordsworth b. a short story by Somerset Maugham
c. a novel by D. H. Lawrence d. a verse by Coleridge Ans- c
Explanation: D. H. Lawrence Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï wesk kZvãxi †miv Jcb¨vwmK‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb| D. H.
Lawrence- Gi GKwU weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm ‘The Rainbow’ (1915)| wZwb wQ‡jb GKvav‡i Jcb¨vwmK, Kwe,
bvU¨Kvi, cÖvewÜK I wPÎKi| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg© -
Dcb¨v‡mi bvg we‡klZ¡
The White Peacock First Novel
Sons and Lovers Autobiographical Novel
Women in Love Romantic Novel
Lady Chatterley’s Lover Romantic Novel
‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jvt ‘My Heart Leaps Up’ (1807) n‡jv W. Wordsworth- Gi GKwU KweZv ‡hwU ‘The
Rainbow’ bv‡gI cwiwPZ|
2. ‘Tom Jones’ by Henry Fielding was first published in-
a. the 1st half of 19th century b. the 2nd half of 19th century
c. the 1st half of 18th century d. the 2nd half of 18th century Ans- c
Explanation: Henry Fielding Gi †kÖô (comic) nvmïmvZ¥K Dcb¨vm ‘Tom Jones’ (1749) Aóv`k
kZvãxi cÖ_g w`‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| ZvB cÖ`Ë Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ the 1st half of 18th century- Gi D‡jøL _vKvq
mwVK DËi c. Zuv‡K Bs‡iwR Dcb¨v‡mi RbK ejv nq| Zuvi QÙbvg Captain Hercules Vinegar.
‘Tom Jones’ Dcb¨v‡m Hero ‘Tom’ Gi AvZ¥cwiPq AbymÜvb I feNy‡i Rxebhvcb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q|
Henry Fielding wQ‡jb e¯‘wbô ev ev¯Íeev`x †jLK|
3. The literary work ‘Kubla Khan’ is -
a. A history by Vincent Smith b. A verse by Coleridge
c. A drama by Oscar Wilde d. A short story by Somerset Maugham Ans- b
Explanation: S. T.Coleridge - Gi weL¨vZ wZbwU KweZvi GKwU Kubla Khan (1816)| Zuv‡K ejv nq “Poet of
Supernaturalism”. Am¤ú~Y© GB KweZvq †gv½j kvlK KzejvB Lv‡bi MÖx®§Kvjxb cÖvmv` RvbvWzi (Xanadu) eY©bv cvIqv
hvq| Coleridge-Gi K‡qKwU weL¨vZ KweZv n‡jv:
KweZvi bvg we‡klZ¡
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Ballad
Ode to Dejection Ode in theme and structure
Love and Hope Love poem
The Nightingale Ballad
Cristabel Long narrative ballad
4. T. S. Eliot was born in-
a. Ireland b. England
c. Wales d. USA Ans- d
Explanation: AvaywbK Kwe T. S. Eliot hy³iv‡óª Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib, wKšÍy ¯’vqxfv‡e Bsj¨v‡Û emevm K‡ib| Zuvi
m¤ú~Y© bvg Thomas Stearns Eliot. wZwb wQ‡jb GKvav‡i GKRb Kwe, cÖvewÜK, bvU¨Kvi, cÖKvkK I
mvwnZ¨mgv‡jvPK| wZwb 1914 mv‡j Bsj¨v‡Û Av‡mb Ges 1927 mv‡j weªwUk bvMwiKZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨
mvwnZ¨Kg© - ‘The Waste Land’ , The Love Song of J.Alfork Ges Gerontion . D‡jøL¨ wZwb ‘The
Waste Land’ KweZvi Rb¨ 1948 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|
5. What was the real name of the great American short writer, O’ Henry?
a. Samuel L. Clemens b. William Sydney Porter
c. Fits- James O Brien d. William Huntington Wright Ans- b
Explanation: William Sydney Porter Av‡gwiKvi GKRb weL¨vZ †QvUMí iPwqZv| Zvi QÙbvg
(pseudonym) n‡jv O’ Henry Ges G bv‡gB wZwb AwaK cwiwPZ wQ‡jb KviY wZwb Zuvi cwiPq †Mvcb †i‡L
Mí wiL‡Zb| ‘The Gift of the Magi’ Zuvi weL¨vZ †QvUMí|
1. ‘Paradise lost’ attempted to-

a. Justify the ways of man to God
b. Justify the ways of God to man
c. Show that the Satan and God have equal power
d. Explain why good and evil are necessary Ans- b
Explanation: ‘Paradise lost’ n‡jv Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï weL¨vZ gnvKwe John Milton Gi gy³ Q‡›` iwPZ
GKwU gnvKve¨| GB gnvKv‡eï g~j welq ev Theme n‡jv Justify the ways of God to man (gvby‡li cÖwZ
¯ªóvi `„wófw½ cÖKvk Kiv)| GLv‡b gvby‡li mv‡_ Ck^‡ii wewfbœ w`K Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| wZwb ivRZ‡š¿i `ytmn e¨_v
wb‡q wewa weavb‡K ¯§iY K‡i‡Qb| myZivs mwVK DËi (b)|
2. What is the full name of the great American short story writer O’ Henry?
a. Walt Whitman b. William Sydney Porter
c. Marjorie Kinnam Rawlings d. Mark Twain Ans- b
Explanation: William Sydney Porter Av‡gwiKvi GKRb weL¨vZ †QvUMí iPwqZv hvi QÙbvg n‡jv O’
Henry| Zvi QÙbvg (pseudonym) O’ Henry bv‡gB wZwb AwaK cwiwPZ wQ‡jb KviY wZwb Zuvi cwiPq †Mvcb
†i‡L Mí wiL‡Zb| ‘The Gift of the Magi’ Zuvi iwPZ GKwU weL¨vZ †QvUMí| Pjyb Av‡iv wKQz weL¨vZ
mvwnwZ¨K‡ì mswÿß bvg I c~Y© bvg †`‡L †bqv hvK|
Short Names Elaboration of the Names
D.H. Lawrence *** David Herbert Lawrence
E.M. Forster Edward Morgan Forster
G.B. Shaw George Bernard Shaw
J.K. Rowling ** Joanne Kathleen Rowling
J.M. Synge ** John Millington Synge
O’ Neill *** Eugene O’Neill
P.B. Shelley Percy Bysshe Shelley
S.T.Coleridge Samuel Taylor Coleridge
T.S. Eliot *** Thomas Stearns Eliot
1. Which of the following ages in literary history is the latest?

a. The Augustan Age b. The Victorian Age
c. The Georgian Age d. The Restoration Age Ans- c
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ The Georgian Age n‡jv AvaywbK hy‡Mi AšÍM©Z me©‡kl hyM|
hy‡Mi bvg mgqKvj
Augustan Age (1700-1745)
Victorian Age (1832-1901)
Georgian Age (1910-1936)
Restoration Age (1660-1700)
2. The first English Dictionary was complied by-
a. Izaak Walton b. Samuel Johnson
c. Samuel Butler d. Sir Thomas Browne Ans- b
Explanation: Izaak Walton (1593-1683) GKRb Bs‡iR ‡jLK| Zvui weL¨vZ MÖ‡š’i bvg ‘The
Compleat Anger’ Ges Ô Waltoniana’.
Samuel Johnson (1709-1784 ) GKRb Bs‡iR †jLK, m¤úv`K I mgv‡jvPK| wZwb bq eQi
mvabv K‡i 1755 mv‡j ‘A Dictionary of the English Language’ bv‡g me©cÖ_g GKwU Dictionary
msKjb K‡ib|
Dictionary  A dictionary of the English Language (1755)
Play (Tragedy)  Irene (1726)
Famous Poem  The Vanity of Human Wishes (1740)
Essays  A preface to Shakespeare (1765)
 Lives of the Poet (1779 )
 Life of Milton (1779)
 Life of Cowley (1779)
Samuel Butler (1832-1902) Gi weL¨vZ `ywU iPbv n‡jv Ô The Way of All Flesh’
(Autobiography) Ges Erewhon (satirical novel) . GQvov wZwb n‡jb ‘ The Illiad’ Ges ‘The
Odyssey’ - Gi Abyev`K|
Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682) wQ‡jb GKRb wewPÎag©x Bs‡iR †jLK| Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv¸‡jv
n‡jv ‘Religio Medici’ (1643) , ‘The Garden of Cyrus’ (1658) , ‘ A Letter to a Friend’ (1656)
, ‘Christian Morals’ (1670).
3. The ‘Poet Laureate’ is-
a. the best poet of the century b. a winner of the Nobel prize in poetry
c. the Court poet of England d. a classical poet Ans- c
Explanation: Poet Laureate n‡jv Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRKwe hvi Ab¨ bvg Court Poet of English. ‡MÖU weª‡U‡b,
†h mKj Kwe‡ì ivR m¤§vbbv †Ìqv n‡Zv A_©vr, ivRv wKsev ivwb KZ…©K wbhy³ ivR m¤§vwbZ Kwe‡ì Court Poets
of England ejv n‡Zv| Zuviv RvZxq Rxe‡b we‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`b D`&hvc‡bi Rb¨ KweZv iPbv K‡ib| weª‡U‡bi ivR
Kwe‡ì gv‡S Ab¨Zg n‡jb - Ben Jonson , John Dryden,Thomas Gray, Robert Southey, William
Wordsworth , Lord Alfred Tennyson , John Masefield cÖgyL|
4. Which of the following school of literary writings is connected with a medical theory?
a. Comedy of manners b. Theatre of the absurd
c. Heroic Tragedy d. Comedy of Humours Ans- d
Explanation: Comedy of Humours GK ai‡bi mvwnZ¨Kg© †hLv‡b medical theory’i mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i
gvby‡li AvPvi-AvPiY Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| Ben Jonson ‡K “Comedy of Humours” Gi RbK ejv nq|
“Comedy of Humours” gvbe †`‡ni Af¨šÍixY A½cÖZ‡½i mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| GLv‡b nvm¨ iwmKZv wb‡q mvwnZ¨
K‡g©i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, A_©c~Y© nvwm Avgv‡ì kixi I g‡bi ¯^v¯’¨‡K iÿv K‡i|
5. Who of the following was both a poet and painter?
a. Keats b. Donne
c. Blake d. Spenser Ans- c
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ †ivgvw›UK Kwe William Blake whwb Poet I Painter wn‡m‡e mgfv‡e
cwiwPZ| William Blake wQ‡jb g~jZ wc-‡ivgvw›UK hy‡Mi poet and painter. wZwb wQ‡jb Precursor of
the Romanticism.
Zvui weL¨vZ `ywU MÖš’ n‡jv:
i. Songs of Innocence
ii. Songs of Experience.
wb‡P Ab¨ K‡qKRb Kwei Dcvwa †Ìqv n‡jvt
Poet Title of the poet Belong to---age
William Blake Poet and painter Pre-Roamntic Age

D.G. Rossetti Poet and painter Victorian Age
John Keats Poet of beauty Roamntic Age
John Donne Metaphysical poet /Poet of love The Jacobean Age
Spenser Poet of poets /Child of Elizabethan Age
Renaissance
6. Who wrote ‘Beauty is truth, truth beauty’?
a. Shakespeare b. Wordsworth
c. Keats d. Eliot Ans- c
Explanation: Poet of beauty bv‡g L¨vZ Kwe John Keats Zvi MxwZKweZv ‘Ode on a Grecian
Urn’ Gi †kl¯Íe‡K Av‡jvP¨ Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb|
John Keats Gi weL¨vZ Dw³
Source (Drm) Quotation (Dw³)
Ode on a Grecian Urn ➢ “Heard melodies are sweet ; those unheard are
sweeter.”
(‡kvbv myi e‡ovB gayi wKš‘ bv †kvbv myi gayiZi/hvi nv‡Zi ivbœv LvBwb,
†m eo ivuaywb ; hv‡K Kfz †`wLwb, †m eo my›`wi / gvbyl ARvbv‡K Rvb‡Z
Pvq)
Endymion,” Book I ➢ “A thing of beauty is a joy forever:”
(my›ì wRwbm wPiKvjB Avb›``vqK / Avb‡›ì)
Ode to a Nightingale ➢ “My heart aches and a drowsy numbness pains. My
sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk.” (‡e`bv KvZi
ü`q Avgvi, wSwg‡q co‡Q Amvo ‡e`bvq, fvwe ‡hb PygyK w`‡qwQ
‡ngj‡Ki ‡cqvjvq|)
To George and ➢ “Nothing ever becomes real ‘till it is experienced,”
Georgiana Keats (bv AvuPv‡j wek¦vm nq bv|)

1. Shakespeare is known mostly for his-
a. poetry b. novels
c. autobiography d. plays Ans- d
Explanation: Bsj¨v‡Ûi RvZxq Kwe William Shakespeare (1564-1616 ) Zvui bvU‡Ki (Play) Rb¨B
me©vwaK cwiwPZ| wZwb 37 wU bvUK, 154 wU m‡bU Ges 3 wU Narrative Poems iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb †Kvb
Dcb¨vm wKsev AvZ¥Rxebx wj‡Lb bvB|
Quick Memory Tips
William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ 7wU Uª¨vRvwW g‡b ivLvi Dcvq:
RJ HAMKO
R Romeo & Juliet
J Julius Caesar
H Hamlet
A Antony and Cleopatra
M Macbeth
K King Lear
O Othello
2. A Person who writes about his own life writes-
a. chronicle b. an autobiography
c. a diary d. a biography Ans- b
Explanation: Autobiography k‡ãi A_© AvZ¥Rxebx / AvZ¥PwiZ| wb‡Ri Rxeb wb‡q wb‡R MÖš’ wjL‡j
autobiography Avi A‡bï Rxeb wb‡q ‡jLv MÖš’‡K biography e‡j| Chronicle – KvjvbyµwgK NUbvcwÄ,
diary – w`bwjwc|
3. A fantasy is-
a. an imaginary story b. a funny film
c. a history record d. a real-life event Ans- a
Explanation: Fantasy k‡ãi A_©-AjxK/KvíwbK Mí; cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ (a) an imaginary
story `¦viv †Kej- fantasy ‡K †evSvq| myZivs mwVK DËi (a).
Imaginary story KvíwbK Mí
Funny film gRv`vi Pjw”PÎ
History record BwZnvm msiÿY
Real-life event ev¯Íe Rxe‡bi NUbv|
4. In which century was the Victorian Period?

a. 17th century b. 18th century
th
c. 19 century d. 20th century Ans- c
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Victorian Period kyiæ nq 1832 mv‡j| cy‡iv 1800 mvj‡K Ebwesk kZvãx
wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ZvB Victorian period (1832-1901) hv 19th century Gi AšÍM©Z| Queen
Victoria Gi bvgvbymv‡i G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv nq Victorian period|
5. Which of the following is a correct proverb?
a. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
b. Fools rush in where an angel fears to tread.
c. A fool rushes in where an angel fears to tread.
d. Fools rush in where the angels fear to tread. Ans- c
Explanation: GLv‡b DwjøwLZ proverb wU n‡jv Neo-classical hy‡Mi weL¨vZ Alexander Pope Gi|
Dw³wU cÖ_g wZwb K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZv An Essay on Criticism (1711) G| cÖev`wUi A_© n‡jvt
“Inexperienced or rash people attempting things that more experienced people avoid. Gi
cieZ©x mgq †_‡K kã¸”QwU Bs‡iwR Awfav‡b cÖev` evK¨ wn‡m‡e ¯’vb cvq|
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread- cÖev`wUi evsjv A_© - ÔnvwZ ‡Nvov †Mj Zj, wcucov e‡j KZ
Rj ev Ávbx †h_v fq cvq g~L© †m_v Av‡M avq|
‡f‡½ †f‡½ A_© we‡kølYt
Fools rush in = ‡evKv †jv‡Kiv `ªæZ GwM‡q hvq; where angels fear to tread = †hLv‡b AwfÁ †jv‡Kiv
†h‡Z fq cvq, (tread = nuvUv; cv ivLv) A_©vr cy‡iv cÖev`wU nj: Ávbx †h_v fq cvq g~L© †m_v Av‡M avq|
Zuvi weL¨vZ Av‡iv wKQz Dw³i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv-
i. To err is human, to forgive is divine. (gvbyl gvÎB fz‡ji Aaxb; Avi ¶gv ¯^M©xq|)
ii. A little learning is a dangerous thing. (Aíwe`¨v fqsKix)
iii.Charms strike the sight but merit strikes the heart. (‡mŠ›`h© †PvL Ryovq, Ávb AvZ¥v‡K)
1. Browning was the composer of any of the followings poems-

a. Two Voices b. The Scholar gipsy
c. Andrea del Sarto d. Oenone Ans-c
Explanation: Robert Browning ( 1812-1889) wQ‡jb Victorian Age-Gi weL¨vZ Kwe| wZwb Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g Dramatic Monologue -Gi mdjfv‡e cÖ‡qvM K‡iwQ‡jb e‡j Zuv‡K “Father of Dramatic
Monologue” ejv n‡q _v‡K| DwjøwLZ KweZv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Andrea del Sarto (1855) KweZvwU Robert
Browning Gi GKwU Dramatic Monologue. Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ weL¨vZ KweZv¸‡jvi gv‡S i‡q‡Q - The Patriot
, My Last Duchess , Fra lippo Lippi Rabbi Ben Ezra, The Pied Piper of Hamelin , A
Grammarian’s Funeral.
2. Any one of the following pairs are literary collaborators-
a. Eliot and Pound b. Yeats and Eliot
c. People and Dryden d. Shelley and Keats Ans-a
Explanation: Collaborators kãwUi A_© n‡jv mn‡hvMx ev GK‡hv‡M Kg©Pvix| Avi literary collaborators
ev mvwnZ¨ mn‡hvMx ej‡Z †evSvq †mB mn‡hvMx‡ì hviv mvwnZ¨ iPbvi †ÿ‡Î GKRb Av‡iKRb‡K mvnvh¨ K‡I ev
cÖfvweZ nq| wU. Gm.Gwj‡qU (1888-1965) Ges GRiv cvDÛ (1885-1972) mgmvgwqK , mnKg©x I eÜz wQ‡jb|
Zvui weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg© Cathay,The CantosPerfonac ,Usura, Hugh Selwyn Mauberly, The Spirit
of Romance. wU. Gm. Gwj‡qU Zuvi ÔThe Waste Land’ KweZvwU †jLvi mgq GRiv cvDÛ-Gi Øviv
e¨vcKfv‡e cÖfvweZ wQ‡jb| ZvQvov GRiv cvDÛ KweZvwU †ek KvUQvU I m¤úv`bv K‡ib| myZivs DwjøwLZ
Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Eliot and Pound DfqB literary collaborators. wb‡¤œ Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï D‡jøL‡hvM¨
mvwnZ¨ mn‡hvMx I Zuv‡ì mvwnZ¨Kg© †Ìqv n‡jv t
mvwnwZ¨K mn‡hvMx I Zuv‡ì mvwnZ¨Kg© (Literary Collaborators & their works)
Name of Collaborators Works
William Worsworth and Lyrical Ballads ***
S.T.Coleridge
T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound The Waste Land
Thomas Norton & Thoams Sacville Gorboduc ***
R.L.Stevenson and Lloyd Osbourne The Wrong Box
Joseph Addison and Richard Steele The Spectator ***
Quick Tips: P. B. Shelley (1972-1822) and John keats (1795-1821) `yRbB mgmvgwqK wQ‡jb|
P. B. Shelley and John keats DfqB n‡jb †ivgvw›UK hy‡Mi mgmvgwqK Kwe Z‡e literary collaborators
bq|
[(18th -26th) BCS cixÿvq Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ Ask ‡_‡K †Kvb Questions nqwb|]
1. A person who writes about his own life writes-

a. A diary b. A biography
c. A chronicle d. An autobiography Ans-d
Explanation: Autobiography k‡ãi A_© AvZ¥Rxebx /AvZ¥PwiZ| wb‡Ri Rxeb wb‡q wb‡R MÖš’ wjL‡j
autobiography Avi A‡bï Rxeb wb‡q ‡jLv MÖš’‡K biography e‡j. Chronicle – KvjvbyµwgK NUbvcwÄ,
diary – w`bwjwc|
1. “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” These lines were written by-
a. Keats b. Frost
c. Eliot d. Shelley Ans-d
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ jvBbwU n‡jv P. B. Shelley Gi weL¨vZ Dw³| Dw³wU Zvi weL¨vZ KweZv Ode
to the West Wind †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q| GwUi A_©:
“If winter comes, can spring be far behind ?” (‡gN ‡`‡L ‡KD Kwim‡b fq Avov‡j Zvi
m~h© nv‡m| fvev_© : AÜKvi †K‡U wM‡q Av‡jvi c„w_ex f‡i DV‡eB )| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ weL¨vZ Dw³¸‡jv n‡jvt
P.B. Shelley Gi weL¨vZ Dw³
Ode to the West Wind ➢ “Oh! Lift me as wave, a leaf, a cloud!
I fall upon the thorns of life” (In! Avgv‡K Zi½, GKwU cvZv,
GKwU †gN wn‡m‡e D‡Ëvjb Kiæb)
Ode To A Skylark ➢ “Our sweetest songs are those that tell of the saddest
thought.”(‡gv‡ì gayi m½xZ¸‡jvB Zv, hv †e`bvi K_v e‡j / wei‡ni
MvbB n‡jv gayi Mvb|
A Defence of Poetry ➢ “Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world”
(KweMY n‡jb we‡kî A¯^xK…Z AvBb cª‡YZv)
➢ “Poetry is a mirror which makes beautiful that which is
distorted.” (Kve¨ n‡jv †mB `c©Y hv Amy›ì wRwbm‡K my›ìfv‡e Dc¯’vcb
K‡i)
2. Who did write first English Dictionary?
a. Boswell b. Ben Jonson
c. Samuel Johnson d. Milton Ans-c
Explanation: 15 Zg wewmG‡mi 2 bs Explanation ‡`Lyb|
3. ‘Animal Farm’ was written by-
a. George Orwell b. Stevenson
c. Swift d. Mark Twain Ans-a
Explanation: 10 Zg wewmG‡mi 1 bs Explanation ‡`Lyb|

1. Who wrote the plays, ‘‘The Tempest’ and ‘The Mid Summer Night’s Dream’?
a. Ben Johnson b. Christopher Marlowe
c. John Dryden d. William Shakespeare Ans-d
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ MÖš’ `ywUi iPwqZv n‡jb William Shakespeare| G `ywU MÖš’ n‡jv Zvui iwPZ
Comedy bvUK| ‘The Tempest’ Zuvi †kl bvUK| Zuvi iwPZ Ab¨vb¨ Comedy-¸‡jv n‡jvt
 As You Like it  Measure for Measure
 The Taming of the Shrew  All’s Well That Ends well
 The Merchant of Venice  Twelfth Night
 The Two Gentlemen of Verona  The Winter’s Tale
 Pericles, Prince of Tyre  Much Ado about Nothing
2. Who wrote the two famous novels, ‘David Copperfield’ and ‘A Tale of Two cities’?
a. Thomas Hardy b. Jane Austen
c. George Eliot d. Charles Dickens Ans-d
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ MÖš’ `ywUi iPwqZv n‡jb Charles Dickens| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ MÖš’mg~n-
David Copperfield (1850-1851) The Battle of life (1846 )
Great Expectations (1860) A Tale of two Cities
The Bleak House (1852-53) The Sketches by Boz (1836)
The Pickwick Papers (1836) Oliver Twist (1837)
A Christmas Carol (1843 ) Hard Times (1854)
3. “To be or not to be, that is the-”
a. meaning b. question
c. answer d. issue Ans-b
Explanation: GB quotation wU Bs‡iR bvU¨Kvi William Shakespeare Gi Hamlet bvU‡Ki AšÍM©Z|
Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb bvU‡Ki cÖavb PwiÎ ( Protagonist) Hamlet. GB Dw³wU Øviv gvbe g‡bi wm×všÍnxbZv cÖKvk Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
4. “Into the — of death rode the six hundred.”
a. city b. tunnel
c. road d. valley Ans-d
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ jvBbwU Alfred Tennyson- Gi “The Charge of the Light Brigade”
KweZvi AšÍM©Z| Gi c~Y©v½ jvBbwU n‡jv ‘Into the valley of death rode the six hundred.’
5. “I have a — that one day this nation will live out the true meaning of its creed that all
men are created equal.”
a. desire b. hope
c. dream d. wish Ans-c
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ Dw³wU mv‡eK gvwK©b e¨vwÞó gš¿x Martin Luthur King Gi GKwU weL¨vZ e³…Zv
‘I have a Dream’ Gi AšÍM©Z| wZwb gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi K„òv½‡ì AwaKvi Av`v‡qi Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv wQ‡jb|
wZwb Dw³wU K‡iwQ‡jb 1963 mv‡ji 28 AvM÷ IqvwksUb wWwmi wjsKb †g‡gvwiqv‡j| myyZivs cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ k~Y¨¯’v‡b
kãwU n‡e dream|
1. A song embodying religious and sacred emotions.

a. Lyric b. Ode
c. Hymn d. Ballad Ans-c
Explanation:
kã Bs‡iwR †Wwdwbkbmn evsjv A_©
Lyric Lyric is a short poem expressing poet’s personal emotions and thoughts rather
than telling a story. (Lyric n‡jv GK ai‡bi †QvU KweZv ‡hLv‡b Mí I Kvwnbx eY©bvi †P‡q
Kwe g‡bi GKvšÍ Av‡eM, Abyf~wZ ev wPšÍvaviv e¨³ K‡ib|)
Ode An ode is a long and elaborate poem that begins with an address to someone
expressing grief or agony but ends with consolation. (Ode n‡jv cÖksmvg~jK
m‡¤^vabm~PK GK ai‡bi `xN© I m¤úªmvwiZ MxwZKweZv hv mvaviYZ K‡ói eY©bv w`‡q ïiæ nq wKš‘
mg‡e`bv w`‡q †kl nq|)
Hymn A religious song or poem in praise of God. (Ckî e›`bv / ¯ªóvi cÖwZ e›`bvm~PK KweZv|)
Ballad Ballad is a narrative poem that tells a grave story through dialogue and action.
(Ballad n‡jv †QvU eY©bvg~jK KweZv hv Mí I bvUKxqZvi gva¨‡g M¤¢xi M‡íi eY©bv K‡i|)
31st BCS Preliminary Test
1. ‘One day women will have what has so long been denied them — leisure, money and
room to themselves.’
a. Space b. Liberty
c. Office d. Capability Ans-b
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ Dw³wU wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi weL¨vZ †jwLKv Virginia Woolf (1882- 1941) Gi
cªeÜ “A Room of One’s Own” (1929) Gi AšÍM©Z| Dw³wU†Z room kãwU Øviv bvixi Liberty
(¯^vaxbZv) ‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
2. A formal composition or speech expressing high praise of somebody —
a. elegy b. eulogy
c. caricature d. exaggeration Ans-b
Explanation:
kã (word ) Bs‡iwR †Wwdwbkbmn evsjv A_©
elegy A song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation especially for one who
is dead. (g„Z e¨w³ ev †kvKven NUbvi ¯§i‡Y Kwei e¨w³MZ wejvcB Elegy wn‡m‡e
cwiwPZ|)
eulogy A formal composition or speech expressing high praise of somebody.
(e³…Zvq ev wjwLZfv‡e KviI D”P cÖksmv Kiv‡K eulogy e‡j|)
caricature A description of someone or something that is only partly true and makes
them seem silly. (e¨½wPÎ )
exaggeration A statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is.
(AwZiÄb )
32nd BCS Preliminary Test
1. The sentence “Who would have thought Shylock was so unkind” expresses - .
a. hyperbole b. interrogation
c. command d. wonder Ans-d
Explanation: “Who would have thought Shylock was so unkind” ( ‡K †f‡ewQj †h Shylock
GZ wb`©q n‡e ) Dw³wU Øviv wonder ev we¯§q cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| Shylock n‡jv William Shakespeare Gi
The Merchant of Venice bvU‡Ki g~j PwiÎ|
kã evsjv A_©
Hyperbole AwZiÄb
Interrogation cÖkœ
Command Av‡`k
Wonder we¯§q
33rd BCS Preliminary Test
1. If a part of speech or writing breaks the theme, it is called —

a. pomposity b. digression
c. exaggeration d. anti-climax Ans-b
Explanation:
kã Bs‡iwR †Wwdwbkbmn evsjv A_©
exaggeration A statement that represents something as better or worse than it really
is. (AwZiÄb )
digression An act or instance of digressing from a main subject in speech or
writing,( e³‡e¨ ev †jLvq g~j welqe¯‘ †_‡K (theme) wePy¨wZ NU‡j Zv‡K digression
e‡j| )
pomposity The quality of being pompous; ostentation; self-importance. (`vw¤¢KZv)
anti-climax Anticlimax or bathos is a figure of speech which consists in a sudden
fall from the lofty to a mean /trivial. (¸iæZ¡c~Y© ev gnr †Kvb wKQz †_‡K AvKw¯§K
cZb|)
1. Who is known as the “Lady with the Lamp”?

a. Sarojini Nadu b. Hellen Killer
c. Florence Nightingale d. Madam Teresa Ans-c
Explanation:
‡jL‡Ki bvg Dcvwa
Sarojini Nadu The Nightingale of India (fviZxq †KvwKj)
Florence Nightingale Lady of the Lamp
Madam Teresa Saint (Ck^‡ii `~Z)
William Shakespeare The Bard of Avon (G¨vf‡bi giwg Kwe)
Lord Byron Rebel Poet of English Literature
P.B. Shelley Revolutionary Romantic Poet

1. Who wrote the following lines : “all at once I saw a crowd, a host of golden
daffodils”?
a. Wordsworth b. Herrick
c. Shelley d. Keats Ans-a
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ PiYwU “All at once I saw a crowd, a host of golden daffodils” Gi
iPwqZv n‡jb William Wordsworth| GB PiYwU Zuvi ‘I Wandered Lonely As a Cloud’(Daffodils)
KweZvi Z…Zxq I PZz_© PiY|
‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jvt 1798 mv‡j William Wordsworth Ges S.T. Coleridge Gi ÒLyrical Ballads cÖKv‡ki
gva¨‡g Romantic Age - Gi ïiæ nq|
2. Who among the following writers is not a Nobel Laureate?
a. T. S. Eliot b. Toni Morrison
c. Grahame Greene d. William Faulkner Ans-c
Explanation: DwjøwLZ ‡jLK‡ì g‡a¨ Grahame Greene KLbI †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvbwb| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ ‡jLKMY
†h mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vicÖvß nb Zv wb‡¤œ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
‡jL‡Ki bvg ‡bv‡ej cªvwßi mvj weL¨vZ MÖš’
T. S. Eliot 1948 mvj The Waste Land
William Faulkner 1949 mvj The Sound and the Fury
Toni Morrison 1993 mvj The Bluest Eye
3. The play ‘Arms and the Man’ is by —
a. James Joyce b. Samuel Beckett
c. Arthur Miller d. George Bernard Shaw Ans-d
Explanation:hy× I ‡cÖg welqe¯‘ wb‡q iwPZ ‘Arms and the Man’ bvUKwU AvaywbK Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï/bvU‡Ki
RbK George Bernard Shaw 1894 mv‡j iPbv K‡ib| Zvi Ab¨vb¨ bvUKmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q-
bvUKmg~n Dcb¨vmmg~n
Man and Superman (1902) Pygmalion (1912) Immaturity (1879 )
Arms and the Man (1894) You Never Can Tell (1887) The Unsocial socialist (1987)
Caesar and Cleopatra The man of Destiny (1897) Love among the Artist (1900)
(1998)
The Devil’s Disciple The Doctor’s The Irrational Knot (1905)
(1897) Dilemma(1906)
Candida ( 1898) The Apple Cart (1929) Saint Joan (1923 )
4.
The ‘climax’ of a plot is what happens —.
a. in the beginning b. at the end
c. at the height d. in the confrontation Ans-c
Explanation: Climax k‡ãi A_© P~ov ev †kl cÖvšÍ| ‡Kvb M‡íi m‡e©v”P Ae¯’v (at the height) ev M‡íi
turning point ‡K The Climax (msKU ev Avb‡›ì kxl©we›`y) ejv nq| A_©vr mvwn‡Z¨ ‡Kvb Mí, bvUK ev NUbvi
m‡ev©”P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask‡KB ev gyn~Z©‡KB Climax e‡j| GB ch©v‡q M‡íi A¨vKkb (Action) †kl/Pig cwiYwZ‡Z
†cŠuQvq Ges Gi ciciB cZb (Fall) ïiæ nq|
5. Othello is a Shakespeare’s play about — .
a. A Jew b. A Roman
c. A Turk d. A Moor Ans-d
Explanation:William Shakespeare Gi tragedy bvUK Othello Gi cÖavb PwiÎ wQ‡jb I‡_‡jv| wZwb
wQ‡jb GKRb gyi (North African) Ges †fwb‡mi GKRb Moorish Captain|
bvqK Othello, bvwqKv Desdemona| Othello Desdemona †K Lye fvjevm‡Zv| GB fvjevmvi wb`k©b ev
Token of Love wn‡m‡e GKLvbv iægvj ev Handkerchief w`‡qwQj| wKš‘ villain Bqv‡Mv (Iago) GB AK…wÎg
fvjevmvi kÎæ n‡q ùvovj| NUbvµ‡g iægvjLvbv G‡m c‡o Bqv‡Mvi nv‡Z| GB my‡hv‡M †m Othello Gi Kv‡Q
Desdemona Gi weiæ‡× ciKxqvi Awf‡hvM Av‡b| AwZwi³ fvjevm‡Zv e‡j Othello GB Kó mn¨ Ki‡Z bv †c‡i
†m Zvi wcÖqZgv ¯¿x Desdemona †K nZ¨v K‡i| wKš‘ c‡i mZ¨ Rvb‡Z †c‡i ‡m wb‡RI AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i|
6. The poem “Isle of Innisfree” is written by —
a. Dylan Thomas b. Ezra Pound
c. W. H. Auden d. W. B. Yeats Ans-d
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ “Isle of Innisfree” KweZvwUi iPwqZv n‡jb W. B. Yeats| GB KweZvwUi g~j
bvg n‡jv- ‘The Lake Isle of Innisfree’| Zvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv I Kve¨¸‡jv n‡jv-
KweZvmg~n Kve¨mg~n
The Second Coming No Second Troy Responsibilities
Easter The Tower In the Seven Woods
A Prayer for my Daughter A full Moon on March The Resurrection
The Lake Isle of Innisfree The Cat and the Moon The Wanderings of Oisin
7. Riders to the Sea is —
a. an epic poem b. a theatrical adaptation of a poem
c. a one-act play d. a novella Ans-c
Explanation: ‘Riders to the Sea’ n‡jv AvBwik †jLK John Millington Synge Gi One-act play
(GK A¼wewkó we‡qvMvšÍK bvUK)| bvUKwU‡Z A¨vivb Øxcevmx †gŠwiqv cÖavb PwiÎ|
8. Which of the following writers belong to the Elizabethan period?
a. Christopher Marlowe b. Alexander Pope
c. John Dryden d. Samuel Beckett Ans-a
Explanation: (1558-1603) mgqKvj‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Elizabethan period ejv nq| Christopher
Marlowe (1564-1693) wQ‡jb Elizabethan period Ges GKB m‡½ University Wits Gi GKRb weL¨vZ
†jLK| GQvov cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ Ab¨vb¨ ‡jLKMY wQ‡jb-
‡jL‡Ki bvg mgqKvj
John Dryden (1631-1700) Restoration Age
Alexander Pope (1688-1744) Augustian Age
Samuel Beckett (1911-1994) Post-modern Age
9. “To be, or not be, that is the question” –is a famous dialogue from —
a. Othello b. Romeo and Juliet
c. Hamlet d. Macbeth Ans-c
Explanation: “To be, or not be, that is the question” Dw³wU William Shakespeare Gi revenge
tragedy ‘Hamlet’ ‡_‡K †bIqv| GwU GKwU weL¨vZ Soliloquy hv Hamlet e‡jwQj| Hamlet bvU‡K †gvU 7
wU Soliloquy i‡q‡Q| bvUKwU‡Z Hamlet wb‡RB bvqK| fvjevmvi g‡ZvB ü`qevb bvqK wQ‡jb wZwb| bvwqKv
Ophelia-i cÖwZ fvjevmv Kg wQ‡jv bv| †Wbgv‡K©i hyeivR Hamlet wKš‘ wQj wcZ…nviv †Q‡j (Zvi PvPv Claudius
Zvi evev‡K nZ¨v K‡i ivR¨ `Lj K‡i Ges Zvi gv‡K we‡q K‡i †d‡j|) wK Avi PvB‡jI Z¨vMx †cÖwgK n‡Z cv‡i?
gv‡qi cÖwZ wei³ n‡q e‡jwQj " Frailty (noun), thy name is woman." me‡k‡l Ophelia cvwb‡Z Wz‡e,
Hamlet Gi gv Gertrude wel cv‡b, Claudius (PvPv) Hamlet Gi nv‡Z Ges Zvi wcÖqZgv Ophelia-i fvB
Laertes Gi nv‡Z wbnZ nb| ivRvi kVZvi Kvi‡Y Hamlet-Gi iwÿZ welcv‡b ivbx gviv hvq| Hamlet nZ¨v K‡i
ivRv Claudius ‡K| Gfv‡eB we‡qvMvšÍK cwiYwZ †b‡g Av‡m `ywU AwfRvZ cwiev‡i| GB KiæY Kvwnbx wek^‡K Rvbv‡Z
†eu‡P wQj ïay Horatio| “To be, or not be, that is the question” Dw³wU Øviv Hamlet- Gi wm×všÍnxbZvi
ewntcÖKvk N‡U‡Q|
Name of Famous Dialogue with Bengali Meaning
Tragedy
Othello She loved me for the dangers I had passed.” (‡m fv‡jv‡e‡m‡Q Avgvi
wec`msKzj w`b¸‡jv hv Avwg AwZµg K‡iwQjvg)
Romeo and Juliet “If love be blind, It best agrees with night.” (hw` fvjevmv nq AÜ, Z‡e
ivwÎi mv‡_ wgZvwjB me‡P‡q fvj)
Macbeth “Fair is foul, and Foul is Fair.” (me fv‡jv fv‡jv bq,Avevi Lvivc ‡_‡KI fv‡jv
wKQy nq|)
10. Class relations and societal conflict is the key understanding of —
a. Feminism b. Formalism
c. Structuralism d. Marxism Ans-d
Explanation: mgv‡R †kªwY wefvRb I mvgvwRK m¤úK© wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Marxism -G|
Feminism bvix cyiæ‡li mgvbvwaKvi Av‡›`vjb|
Formalism GwU n‡jv Ggb GKwU ‰kwíK /mvwnZ¨ welqK c×wZ hv A_© cÖKv‡ki †P‡q Gi AšÍM©Z wewfbœ
Dcv`v‡bi web¨¯ÍKi‡Y †ewk †Rvi w`‡q _v‡K|
Structuralism MVbev`| GwU n‡jv Ggb GKwU ZË¡ hv wµqvi †P‡q MVb‡K †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g‡b K‡i|
Marxism gvK©mev`| †kÖYxmsMÖvg wel‡q Kvj© gvK©‡mi ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK gZev`|
11. Find the odd-man-out —

a. George Eliot b. Thomas Hardy
c. Joseph Conrad d. James Joyce Ans-a
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ GKgvÎ George Eliot-B wQ‡jb wfbœ hy‡Mi ‡jLK wQ‡jb| wb‡¤œi
wPÎwU jÿ¨ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
‡jL‡Ki bvg mgqKvj
George Eliot (1819-1880) Victorian Age
Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) Modern Age
Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) Modern Age
James Joyce (1882-1941) Modern Age
12. Find the odd-man-out —
a. The Bluest Eye b. Sula
c. As I lay Dying d. A Mercy Ans-c
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ As I lay Dying Ab¨ Ackbmg~n †_‡K wfbœ| wb‡¤œ MÖ‡š’i bvg
I aibmn †jL‡Ki bvg Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
MÖ‡š’i bvg I aib †jL‡Ki bvg
The Bluest Eye (Novel) Toni Morrison
Sula (Novel) Toni Morrison
A Mercy (Novel) Toni Morrison
As I lay Dying (Novel) William Faulkner

1. Which of the following books is written by Thomas Hardy?
a. Vanity Fair b. The Return of the Native
c. Pride and Prejudice d. Oliver Twist Ans-b
Explanation: D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ The Return of the Native n‡jv Thomas Hardy (1840-
1928 ) iwPZ GKwU weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm| wZwb wQ‡jb Victorian hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg cÖavb Jcb¨vwmK| Zuvi weL¨vZ GKwU
Dw³ “ The Greater the sinner, the greater the saint. ” (hZ eo cvcx, ZZ eo mbœ¨vmx)
Zuvi iwPZ Dcb¨v‡mi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨-
Dcb¨vmmg~n
The Return of the Native
Under the Green wood Tree
A pair of Blue Eyes
The Trumpet Major
Tess of the D’ Urbervilles
Avi cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ab¨vb¨ iPbvi iPwqZv n‡jbt-
eB‡qi bvg ‡jLK
Vanity Fair William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863)
Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen (1775-1817 )
Oliver Twist Charles Dickens (1822-1870 )
2. ‘Frailty, thy name is woman’ is a famous dialogue from -
a. Christopher Marlowe b. John Webstar
c. W. Shakespeare d. T. S. Eliot Ans-c
Explanation: ‘Frailty, the name is woman’ Dw³wU William Shakespeare KZ©„K iwPZ tragedy
‘Hamlet’ Gi AšÍM©Z| gv‡qi cÖwZ wei³ n‡q bvU‡Ki bvqK Hamlet e‡jwQj ‘Frailty (noun), thy name is
woman’ (PvZyiZv, †Zvgvi Av‡iK bvg bvix|)
3. The Poem ‘The Solitary Reaper’ is written by —
a. W. H. Auden b. W. Wordsworth
c. W. B. Yeats d. Ezra Pound Ans-b
Explanation: ‘The Solitary Reaper’ (1815) n‡jv weL¨vZ Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K William Wordsworth
(1770-1850) Gi †jLv GKwU Ballad (Mv_v )| William Wordsworth Gi †jLbxi g~j welqe¯‘ wQj cÖK„wZ
ZvB Zvu‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï cÖK…wZi Kwe (Poet of nature) ejv nq| G KweZvwU‡Z wZwb GK wbmtm½ cvnvwo †g‡qi
dmj KvUv I Mvb MvIqvi K_v AZ¨šÍ mvejxjfv‡e Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|
4. ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is a Shakespearean play about —
a. a Jew b. a Moor
c. a Roman d. a Turk Ans-a
Explanation: ‘The Merchant of Venice’ n‡jv William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ K‡gwW bvUK|
GwU‡K UªvwR-K‡gwW (tragi-comedy) I ejv nq| bvU‡Ki cÖavb Pwi‡Îi bvg wQj Shylock, whwb wQ‡jb GKRb
Jewish (Bny`x) I my` eëmvwq, whwb D”P my‡` UvKv avi w`‡Zb|
bvU‡Ki Ab¨vb¨ PwiÎ¸‡jv n‡jv-
Pwi‡Îi bvg Pwi‡Îi fzwgKv
Shylock (mvBjK) bvU‡Ki cÖavb PwiÎ
Portia (‡cvwk©qv) bvU‡Ki bvwqKv
Antonio (A¨v›UwbI) Ab¨Zg PwiÎ Ges †cvwk©qvi †cÖwgK
Bassanio (evmvwbI) A¨v›UwbIi wcÖq eÜz
Jessica (‡RwmKv) mvBj‡Ki ‡g‡q
5. The play ‘Candida’ is by —
a. James Joyce b. Shakespeare
c. G. B. Shaw d. Arthur Miller Ans-c
Explanation: Candida (1898) n‡jv AvBwik weL¨vZ bvU¨Kvi George Barnard Shaw Gi GKwU
comedy bvUK| George Barnard Shaw ‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï/bvU‡Ki RbK ejv nq| bvU‡Ki cÖavb PwiÎ
James Morell wQ‡jb GKRb cvw`ª, Zuvi ¯¿x Candida, Ges Kwe Eugene Marchbanks| bvU‡K ZiæY Kwe
BD‡Rb Candida Gi fvjevmv Rq Kivi †Póv K‡ib|
Zvui Ab¨vb¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©¸‡jv n‡jv:
 Arms and the Man  The Doctor’s Dilemma
 Man and the Superman  You Never Can Tell
 Caesar and Cleopatra  Joan of Arc
6. Which of the following writers belongs to the romantic period in English literature?
a. A. Tennyson b. Alexander Pope
c. John Dryden d. S. T. Coleridge Ans-d
Explanation:D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ S. T. Coleridge wQ‡jb Romantic Period Gi GKRb weL¨vZ
Kwe| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ 1798-1832 mvj†K Romantic Period ejv nq|
7. London town is found a living being in the works of —

a. Thomas Hardy b. Charles Dickens
c. W. Congreve d. D.H. Lawrence Ans-b
Explanation: Charles Dickens- &Gi †jLv weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm “A Tale of Two Cities” ej‡Z jÛb I
c¨vwim‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Gi †ewki fvM Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q G `ywU kni‡K wb‡q|
8. The Climax of a plot is what happens —
a. in the beginning b. at the height
c. at the end d. in the confrontation Ans-b
Explanation:Climax k‡ãi A_© P~ov ev †kl cÖvšÍ| ‡Kvb M‡íi m‡e©v”P Ae¯’v (at the height) ev M‡íi turning
point ‡K The Climax (msKU ev Avb‡›ì kxl©we›`y) ejv nq| A_©vr mvwn‡Z¨ ‡Kvb Mí, bvUK ev NUbvi m‡ev©”P
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask‡KB ev gyn~Z©‡KB Climax e‡j| GB ch©v‡q M‡íi A¨vKkb (Action) †kl/Pig cwiYwZ‡Z †cŠuQvq
Ges Gi ciciB cZb (Fall) ïiæ nq|
9. ‘Child is the father of man’ is taken from the poem of —
a. W. Wordsworth b. S. T. Coleridge
c. P. B. Shelly d. A. C. Swindurne Ans-a
Explanation: ‘Child is the father of man’ (Nywg‡q Av‡Q wkïi wcZv me wkïiB AšÍ‡i) Dw³wU William
Wordsworth Gi †jLv ‘My Heart Leaps up when I behold’ KweZv †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q|
William Wordsworth Gi weL¨vZ Dw³
The Daffodils ➢ “All at once I saw a crowd, a host of golden daffodils”.

Ten Thousand saw I at a glance tossing their heads In
sprightly dance. (Avwg GK bR‡i `k nvRvi dzj †`Ljvg)
N.B: It is an example of hyperbole.
Tintern Abbey ➢ “Nature never did betray the heart that loved her.”(cÖK…wZ‡K
fvjevm‡j cÖK…wZ KL‡bv wek^vmNvZKZv K‡i bv)
Preface to Lyrical ➢ “Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful
Ballads feelings”.(KweZv n‡”Q cÖej Av‡e‡Mi ¯^Ztù~Z© ewntcÖKvk)
The Solitary Reaper ➢ “The Music in my heart I bore, Long after it was heard no
more.” (Avgvi ü`‡q †mB Avi `xN©w`b hver Avi kÖæZ nw”Qj bv )
Ode to Intimation ➢ “Our birth is but a sleep and forgetting.” (ÿ‡Y ÿ‡Y g„Zy¨ Avwg
Zvnv‡iB ewj)
10. Shakespeare’s ‘Measure for measure’ is a successful —
a. Tragedy b. Comedy
c. Tragi-comedy d. Melo-drama Ans-b
Explanation: ‘Measure for measure’ n‡jv William Shakespeare Gi GKwU weL¨vZ I mdj
Comedy bvUK| William Shakespeare ( 1564-1616) ‡K King without Crown (gyKzUwenxb m¤ªvU) ejv nq|
Zuvi ‘All’s Well That Ends Well’, ‘Measure for measure’ Ges ‘Troilus and Cressida’ ‡K
problem play ejv nq| wKQz wfbœZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I mvgwMÖK wePv‡i ‘Measure for measure’ bvUKwU‡K A`ëwa
tragi-comedy bvUK wn‡m‡eB we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ K‡gwW bvUK¸‡jv n‡jv t
 As You Like it  Love’s Labour’s Lost
 The Taming of the Shrew  All’s Well That Ends well
 The Merchant of Venice  Twelfth Night
 The Two Gentlemen of Verona  The Winter’s Tale
 Pericles, Prince of Tyre  The Tempest
 The Comedy of Errors  Much Ado About Nothing
11. David Copperfield is a/an — novel .

a. Victorian b. Elizabethan
c. Romantic d. Modern Ans-a
Explanation: Charles Dickens (1832-1910) iwPZ David Copperfield Dcb¨vmwU Victorian hy‡Mi
GKwU weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm| GwU Zuvi weL¨vZ AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK MÖš’| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ mvwnZ¨Kg© n‡jv-
David Copperfield (1895) The Pickwick papers (1836)
A Tale of Two Cities (1859) Oliver Twist (1837)
Hard Times (1854) The Battle of life (1846)
Great Expectation (1860) A Christmas Carol (1843)
12. The Romantic age in English Literature began with the publication of —
a. Preface of Shakespeare b. Preface to Lyrical Ballads
c. Preface to Ancient Mariners d. Preface to Dr. Johnson Ans-b
Explanation: 1798 mv‡j William Wordsworth Gi Preface to Lyrical Ballads cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Romantic hy‡Mi ïiæ nq| D‡jøL¨, Rvg©vb mvwnwZ¨K Friedrich Schlegal (1772-1829)
me©cÖ_g Romantic kãwU eënvi K‡ib|
13. Who is known as ‘The poet of nature’ in English literature?
a. Lord Tennyson b. John Milton
c. William Wordsworth d. John Keats Ans-c
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ William Wordsworth (1770-1850) ‡K The poet of nature ev cÖK…wZi
Kwe ejv nq| wZwb wQ‡jb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï GKRb Ab¨Zg Romantic Kwe| GQvov cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ Ab¨vb¨ Kwe‡ì
Dcvwa wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv t
Name of poet Title of the poet
Lord Tennyson Mock-heroic poet / Representative Poet
John Milton Epic Poet / Great Master of verse / Blind poet
John Keats Poet of beauty
14. ‘A Passage to India’ is written by — .
a. E.M. Forster b. Rudyard Kipling
c. Galls Worthy d. A. H. Auden Ans-a
Explanation: ‘A Passage to India’ (1924) Bs‡iR †jLK Edward Morgan Forster iwPZ GKwU weL¨vZ
Dcb¨vm| G Mªš’wU weªwUk ivR cwievi Ges 1920 mv‡j fviZxq ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb G Dci wfwË K‡i iwPZ|
Zvui Ab¨vb¨ weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Novels  Where Angels Fear to Tread (1905)
 The Longest Journey (1907)
 A Room with a View (1908)
15. Who of the following writers was not a novelist?

a. Charles Dickens b. W. B. Yeats
c. James Joyce d. Jane Austen Ans-b
Explanation: D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ïay W. B. Yeats-B Jcb¨vwmK bb| W. B. Yeats wQ‡jb GKRb
Irish poet, dramatist Ges critic. Charles Dickens n‡jb wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi GKRb †kÖô Jcb¨vwmK|
James Joyce I Jane Austen wQ‡jb h_vµ‡g Modern Age Ges Victorian Age-Gi novelist ev
Jcb¨vwmK|
16. ‘Gitanjali’ of Rabindranath Tagore was translated by —
a. W. B. Yeats b. Robert Frost
c. John Keats d. Rudyard Kipling Ans-a
Explanation: iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi iwPZ ÔMxZvÄwjÕ Kve¨MÖš’wU 1910 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq| 1912 mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi
wb‡RB Bs‡iwR‡Z Abyev` K‡ib Z‡e W. B. Yeats, translation Ki‡Z e¨vcK f‚wgKv †i‡LwQ‡jb| Abyev‡`
mnvqZvi cvkvcvwk W. B. Yeats MxZvÄwj Kve¨MÖ‡š’i KweZvi mv‡_ AviI wKQz KweZvi Bs‡iwR Abyev` msKjb
ÔSong Offerings’ Gi f‚wgKv wj‡Lb| G Kvi‡Y Zuvi bvgwU MxZvÄwj Kve¨MÖ‡š’i mv‡_ we‡klfv‡e m¤úwK©Z| W. B.
Yeats n‡jb Avqvij¨v‡Ûi RvZxq Kwe| wZwb GKRb ‘Nobel Laureate’ wQ‡jb| wZwb 1923 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨
†bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| Robert Frost wQ‡jb Av‡gwiKvi †kÖô Kwe I RvZxq Kwe‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb| Zuv‡K ejv
nq Nature Poet, Regional Poet. Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv¸‡jv n‡jv- The Road not Taken, Mending
Wall , Home Burial , Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening BZ¨vw`| John Keats GKRb
weL¨vZ ‡ivgvw›UK Kwe| Rudyard Kipling wQ‡jb GKRb weªwUk mvsevw`K| wkï mvwnwZ¨K wn‡m‡e wZwb my-L¨vwZ
†c‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi weL¨vZ †QvUMí The Jungle Book (1894) MÖš’wUi Rb¨ wZwb 1907 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf
K‡ib|
17. ‘Elegy written in a country churchyard’ is written by —
a. William Wordsworth b. Thomas Gray
c. John Keats c. W. B. Yeats Ans-b
Explanation: cÖwm× Bs‡iR Kwe Thomas Gray Gi Agi †kvKMv_v ‘Elegy Written in a
country churchyard’. Zvui weL¨vZ `yÕwU KweZv n‡jv t
1) Elegy Written in a country Churchyard (me‡P‡q weL¨vZ KweZv|) GwU wZwb Zvi c~e© cyiæl‡ì g„Zz¨‡Z
ev ÷d cW‡MR bvgK MÖv‡g kvwqZ‡ì Rb¨ iPbv K‡ib| GB †kvK m½x‡Zi Rb¨ wZwb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Agi n‡q
Av‡Qb|
2) Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat; (1742 mv‡j Nwbô eÜy Richard West-Gi g„Zz¨‡kv‡K
iwPZ| wZwb Graveyard Poet bv‡g cwiwPZ|
†R‡b ivLv fv‡jv t
1757 mv‡j wZwb Poet Laureate nIqvi cÖ¯Íve †c‡qI cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib| 1768 mv‡j wZwb Cambridge wek^we`¨vj‡q
Aa¨vcK c‡` wbhy³ nb|

1. “Gerontion” is a poem by —
a. T. S. Eliot b. W. B. Yeats
c. Matthew Arnold d. Robert Browning Ans-a
Explanation: Gerontion weL¨vZ KweZvwU wj‡L‡Qb T.S.Eliot (Thomas Stearns Eliot, 1888-1965).
T.S.Eliot Av‡gwiKvb es‡kv™¢~Z GKRb Ab¨Zg AvaywbK Kwe| wZwb GKvav‡i Poet, Playwright, Literary
Critic, Essayist, Publisher wQ‡jb| Zvui †kªô iPbv ÒThe Waste Land Ó Gi Rb¨ wZwb 1948 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨
†bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| Zuvi D‡jøL‡qvM¨ KweZv¸‡jv n‡jv-
The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock (1915) Ash Wednesday
Journey of the Magi (wek^Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvK†ii Four Quartets
ÒZx_©hvÎxÓKweZvwUi Av`‡j GwUi evsjv Abyev` K‡ib )
The Hollow Man The Sacred Wood
2. Who was written the poem “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”?
a. Thomas Gray b. P. B. Shelley
c. Robert Frost d. W. B. Yeats Ans-a
Explanation: cÖwm× Bs‡iR Kwe Thomas Gray Gi Agi †kvKMv_v ‘Elegy written in a country
churchyard’.
3. Who has written the play ‘Volpone’?
a. John Webster b. Ben Jonson
c. Christopher Marlowe d. William Shakespeare Ans-b
Explanation: Ben Jonson (1572-1637) Zvui e¨½ imvZ¥K bvU‡Ki Rb¨ Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ weL¨vZ n‡q Av‡Qb|
‘Volpone or the Fox ’K‡gwW bvUKwU Ben Jonson iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Plays
A Tale of the Tub (1640) **
The Alchemist (1610)
Everyman out of His Humor (1600) **
Everyman in His Humor (1598)
The Saint Women (also known as Epicoene)
‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jv: 1704 mv‡j ‘A Tale of a Tub’ bv‡g we`ªycvZ¥K Dcb¨vm cÖKvk K‡ib Jonathan Swift.
4. Fill in the Blank. ‘ — ’ is Shakespeare last play.
a. As you Like It b. Macbeth
c. Tempest d. Othello Ans-c
Explanation: Bs‡iwR bvU‡Ki RbK Shakespeare me©‡gvU 37 wU bvUK iPbv K‡ib| D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi
g‡a¨ me¸‡jvB Zuvi iwPZ| Gi g‡a¨ wZwb me©‡kl iPbv The Tempest (1610-1611) hv Swansong (bvU¨Kv‡ii
†kl Kg©) |
5. Shakespeare composed much of his plays in what sort of verse?
a. Alliterative verse b. Sonnet form
c. Iambic pentameter d. Maetylic Haxameter Ans-c
Explanation: William Shakespeare Zuvi AwaKvsk bvUK Iambic pentameter (cuvP gvÎvi jvBb ev
`kgvwÎK PiYwewkó KweZv) AvKv‡i iPbv K‡ib|
6. The repetition of beginning consonant sound is known as —
a. personification b. onomatopoeia
c. alliteration d. rhyme Ans-c
Explanation: k‡ãi g‡a¨ A_ev `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z e¨Äbe‡Y©i cybive„wË‡K alliteration ev AbycÖvm
e‡j| (The Repetition of a consonant sound especially at the beginning of two or more words
or within words. The words can be adjacent or can be separated by one or more words.) †hgb
1. Ruins seize thee, ruthless King! ( Gray)
2. World wide web ('W' is repeated at the beginning of three successive words)
3. Alone, alone,all,all alone,
Alone on a wide, wide sea! ( Coleridge)
4. iex›`ªbv†_i Ôel©g½jÕ KweZvq Av‡Q-
‡KZKx †Kk‡i †Kkcvk K‡iv myifx
ÿwY KwUZ‡U Muvw_ j‡q c‡iv Kiex|
Avevi,
I‡i wen½, I‡i wen½ †gvi,
GLb AÜ, eÜ K‡iv bv cvLv|
Personification mvwn‡Z¨ ‡Kvb wKQz†K gvbyl ev e¨w³iƒc `vb Kiv|
Onomatopoeia AbyKvi kã ev †Kvb wKQzi k‡ãi AbyKi‡Y kãMVb|
Rhyme k‡ãi ev KweZvi Pi‡Yi wgj|
7. What is a funny poem of five lines called?

a. Quartet b. Limerick
c. Sixtet d. Haiku Ans-b
Explanation: 5 jvB‡bi nvmïmvZ¥K KweZv‡K Limerick ejv nq|
Quartet PviRb †jv‡Ki GKwU msMxZ `j|
Sixtet Sixtet e‡j †Kvb kã ‡bB| Z‡e n‡jv Sestet (lU&K) m‡b‡Ui wØZxq fvM|
Haiku Rvcvwb wZb jvB‡bi GKwU KweZv, hv‡Z m‡ZiwU Aÿi _v‡K|
8. Othello gave Desdemona... as a token of love —

a. Ring b. Handkerchief
c. Pendant d. Bangles Ans-b
Explanation: Othello n‡jv William Shakespeare Gi GKwU Tragedy bvUK| Othello Zuvi mnawg©bx
Desdemona †K fvjevmvi wb`k©b¯îæc GKwU Handkerchief ev iægvj w`‡qwQj|
9. Who wrote ‘Biographia Literaria’?
a. Lord Byron b. P. B. Shelley
c. S. T. Coleridge c. Charles Lamp Ans-c
Explanation: cÖL¨vZ Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K Samuel Tailor Coleridge mvwnZ¨ welqK ‘Biographia
Literaria’ MÖš’wUi iPwqZv| wZwb n‡jb Poet of Supernaturalism (AwZcÖvK…‡Zi Kwe)| GQvovI Zv‡K
Opium Eater/Addicted to Opium (MuvRv‡Lvi Kwe) ejv nZ| Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv mg~n n‡jv-
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (G KweZvq Albatross cvwLi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q)
Kubla Khan
The Nightingale
Love and Hope
Dejection: An Ode
10. Robert Browning was a — poet. Fill in the gap with appropriate word.
a. Romantic b. Victorian
c. Modern d. Elizabethan Ans-b
Explanation: Robert Browning wQ‡jb Victorian Age (1832-1901) Gi GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvwnwZ¨K|
cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï Ab¨vb¨ hy‡Mi mgqKvj wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv t
hy‡Mi bvg mgqKvj
Romantic Age 1798-1832
Modern Age 1901-1939
Elizabethan Age 1558-1603
11. P. B. Shelley’s ‘Adonais’ is and elegy on the death of —
a. John Milton b. S. T. Coleridge
c. John Keats d. Lord Byron Ans-c
Explanation:P. B. Shelley Gi †jLv weL¨vZ †kvK KweZv Adonais wZwb Zuvi wcÖq eÜz John Keats Gi
AKvj g„Zy¨‡Z e¨w_Z n‡q 1821 mv‡j iPbv K‡ib|
weL¨vZ GwjwR/‡kvKMv_v
Writers Elegy (‡kvKMv_v ) On the death of whom
Alfred Tennyson In Memoriam Arthur Henry Hallam
Edmund Spenser Astrophel Sir Philip Sydney (Bswjk Kwe)
John Milton Lycidas (Pastoral Elegy) Milton’s Friend Edward King
Mathew Arnold Thyrsis Friend Arthur Hugh Clough
Mathew Arnold Memorial Verses Wordsworth, Byron, Goethe
Thomas Gray Elegy Written in a Country Fore Fathers
(Graveyard Poet) Churchyard (1751)
P.B. Shelley Adonais John Keats
W.H. Auden In memory of W.B. Yeats W.B. Yeats
John Dryden Heroic Stanzas on the Death of Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell
12. The comparison of unlike things using the words like or as is known to be —
a. metaphor b. simile
c. alliteration d. personification Ans-b
Explanation: ‰ewkó¨ D†jøL K†i hLb †Kvb ev†K¨ `ywU wfbœ / ‰emv`…k¨ wRwb†mi gv†S mivmwi (Direct) Zyjbv
Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K wmwgwj (simile) e‡j|
Simile- Gi c«avb ‰ewkó¨vewj:
1. `ywU wfbœ / weRvZxq wRwb‡mi gv‡S mivmwi (‰ewkó¨ D‡jøL K‡i) Zyjbv|
2. me©`vB as, as like as, as--as, as if, like, resemble, such. †hgb-
➢ My love is like a red rose.
➢ Youth like summer morn.
➢ I wandered lonely as a cloud
13. ‘Restoration period’ in English literature refers to —
a. 1560 b. 1660
c. 1760 d. 1866 Ans-b
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï BwZnv‡m Restoration period ïiæ nq 1660 mvj †_‡K| Restoration
period g~jZ Neo-Classical Period (1660-1798) ev Pseudo-classical Age Gi AšÍf‚©³| Neo-
Classical k‡ãi A_© beäªæc`x| G hyM‡K Avevi wZbwU †QvU hy‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q-
1. The Restoration Period (1660-1700)
2. The Augustan Period (1700-1745)
3. The Age of Sensibility (1745-1798)
14. ‘The Sun Also Rises’ is a novel written by —
a. Charles Dickens b. Hermanne Melville
c. Ernest Hemingway d. Thomas Hardy Ans-c
Explanation: Av‡gwiKvi weL¨vZ Jcb¨vwmK I bvU¨Kvi Ernest Hemingway 1926 mv‡j ‘The Sun
Also Rises’ Dcb¨vmwU iPbv K‡ib| GB Dcb¨vmwU†Z cÖ_g wek^hy× cieZx© mvgvwRK Aeÿ‡qi wPÎ Zz‡j aiv
n‡q‡Q| Dcb¨vmwUi cÖavb PwiÎ wQ‡jb Jake Barnes|
15. Which of the following is not a poetic tradition?
a. The Epic b. The Comic
c. The Occult d. The Tragic Ans-c
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Epic A_©- gnvKve¨| Comic n‡jv GK ai‡Yi imvZ¥K mvwnZ¨
| Tragic n‡jv welv`gq mvwnZ¨| ‡MÖU wMÖK `vk©wbK Aristotle KweZv‡K 3 wU fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb| h_v - Comedy,
tragedy Ges epic. myZivs, The Occult A_©- AwZcÖvK…Z ev Supernaturalism hv poetic tradition Gi
AšÍf©y³ bq|
1. Who is the author of ‘Man and Superman’?

a. G. B. Shaw b. Thomas Hardy
c. Ernest Hemingway d. Charles Dickens Ans-a
Explanation: 36Zg wewmGm Gi 5 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
2. Which period is known as “The golden age of English Literature”?
a. The Victorian age b. The Elizabethan age
c. The Restoration age d. The Eighteenth century Ans-b
Explanation: The Elizabethan age ‡K “The golden age of English Literature” (Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Zï ¯^Y©hyM) ejv nq| ivbx Elizabeth Gi bv‡g G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv nq| G hy‡Mi 1558-1603 mvj e¨wßKvj
wQj|
3. ‘Jocobean Period’ of English Literature refers to —
a. 1558-1603 b. 1625-1649
c. 1603-1625 d. 1649-1660 Ans-c
Explanation: ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi ivRv James-IV ivbx GwjRv‡e‡_i g„Zyï c‡i James-I Dcvwa aviY K‡i Bsj¨v‡Ûi
wmsnvmb jvf K‡ib| wZwb 1603 †_‡K 1625 mvj ch©šÍ Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRZ¡ K‡ib| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ ‘Jocobean
Period’ ej‡Z g~jZ James-I Gi ivRZ¡Kvj‡K †evSvq| James Gi Latin iæc Jacobus| Avi GB Jacobus
†_‡K Jacobean G‡m‡Q| King James Gi bvg Abymv‡i G hy‡Mi bvgKiY Kiv nq ‘The Jocobean Period’.
4. Where do the following lines occur in? “Alone, alone, all, all alone, Alone on a wide,
wide sea—”
a. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner b. Kubla Khan
c. The Nightingle d. The Dungeon Ans-a
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ jvBb `ywU Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï weL¨vZ Romantic Kwe Samuel Tailor Coleridge
Gi cÖL¨vZ Ballad ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’ †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q| KweZvwU 1798 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ
KweZv msKjb †_‡K msM„wnZ|
5. ‘For God’s sake hold your tongue and let me love.’ This line is written by —
a. Emily Dickinson b. T. S. Eliot
c. Mathew Arnold d. John Donne Ans-d
Explanation: ‘For God’s sake hold your tongue and let me love.’ (‡`vnvB ‡Zvgv‡ì GKUzKz Pzc
Ki, fvjevwm‡Z `vI †gvi Aemi) D³ jvBbwUi iPwqZv Poet of love (fvjevmvi Kwe), John Donne| jvBbwU
Zuvi †jLv ÔThe Canonization’ KweZv †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡K Father/Leader of Metaphysical Poet
I ejv nq| Mathew Arnold ‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K Ô Melancholic / Elegiac Poet (`ytLev`x Kwe)|
6. The play ‘The Spanish Tragedy’ is written by —
a. Thomas Kyd b. Christopher Marlowe
c. Shakespeare d. Ben Johnson Ans-a
Explanation: English Revenge Tragedy Gi RbK Thomas Kyd 1585 mv‡j The Spanish
Tragedy bvUKwU iPbv K‡ib| GwU GKwU Revenge Tragedy| Thomas Kyd n‡jb University wits †ì
GKRb|
7. The most famous satirist in English Literature is —
a. Jonathan Swift b. Alexander Pope
c. Joseph Addison d. Richard Steel Ans-a
Explanation: weL¨vZ e¨v½vZ¥K Dcb¨vm ‘Gulliver’s Travels (1726)’ Gi iPwqZv Jonathan Swift wQ‡jb
Augustan Period Gi GKRb weL¨vZ e¨v½iPbvKvi (satirist), mvwnwZ¨K, cÖvewÜK I cv`ªx| Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨
mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Gulliver’s Travels (1726) The Modest Proposal
A Tale of a Tub (1704) A Journal to Stella
8. Of the following authors, who wrote an epic?

a. John Milton b. Jane Mansfield
c. William Cowper d. William Shakespeare Ans-a
Explanation: Blind poet bv‡g L¨vZ John Milton (1608-1674) gnvKve¨ (Epic) iPbv K‡ib| Zuv‡K
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Epic Poet ejv nq| wZwb Zuvi weL¨vZ gnvKve¨ ‘Paradise Lost’ (1667) I ‘Paradise
Regained’(1671) Gi gva¨‡g Agi n‡q Av‡Qb|
9. Who is not a Victorian poet?
a. Mathew Arnold b. Alexander Pope
c. Robert Browning d. Alfred Tennyson Ans-b
Explanation: D‡jøwLZ KweM‡Yi g‡a¨ Alexander Pope e¨ZxZ mK‡jB Victorian hy‡Mi Kwe| Alexander
Pope n‡jb Neo-classical period (The Augustan Period) Gi weL¨vZ Kwe|
10. Who among the following Indian English writer is a famous novelist?
a. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak b. R. K. Narayan
c. Nissim Ezekiel d. Kamala Das Ans-b
Explanation: D‡jøwLZ KweM‡Yi g‡a¨ R. K. Narayan wQ‡jb Bs‡iwR fvlvq fviZxq Ab¨Zg Jcb¨vwmK|
Zuvi c~Y© bvgt Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami (1906 –2001), commonly
known as R. K. Narayan . Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©¸‡jv n‡jv-
Swami and Friends (1935)
The Bachelor of Arts (1937)
Malgudi Days ( 19430
The Financial Expert (1952)
Waiting for the Mahatma (1955 )
11. The Literary term ‘Euphemism’ means —

a. vague idea b. inoffensive expression
c. a sonnet d. wise saying Ans-b
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ ‘euphemism’ k‡ãi A_© n‡jv myfvlY, †KvgjcÖKvk (inoffensive
expression) A_©vr A¯^vfvwefv‡e/K‡Vvi ev KK©k k‡ãi e`‡j †Kvgj, g„`y ev kÖæwZgayi k‡ãi eënvi| †hgb-
“kick the bucket” is a euphemism that describes the death of a person.
1. “To be, or not to be — that is the question,” — is a famous soliloquy from, —

a. Hamlet b. Macbeth
c. King Lear d. Othello Ans-a
Explanation: “To be, or not to be — that is the question,” Dw³wU William Shakespeare iwPZ
weL¨vZ Tragedy bvUK ‘Hamlet’ ‡_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q| GB Dw³wU Øviv gvbe g‡bi wm×všÍnxbZv cÖKvk Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
2. ‘A Christmas Carol’ is a — by Charles Dickens.
a. Ballad b. sketch story
c. historical novel d. short novel Ans-d
Explanation: Charles Dickens Gi weL¨vZ Short novel n‡jv ‘A Christmas Carol’| GwU 1843
mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq|
3. A person who believes that laws and governments are not necessary is known as—
a. an extremist b. a militant
c. an anarchist a. a terrorist Ans-c
Explanation: A person who believes that laws and governments are not necessary is
known as - anarchist (‰bivRëv`x )| GwU Øviv Ggb e¨w³‡K †evSvq ‡h wek^vm K‡i AvBb Ges miKv‡ii
cÖ‡qvRb †bB| cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ackb¸‡jvi A_© n‡jv:
an extremist (Pigcš’x ),
a militant (hy×iZ ‰mwbK),
an anarchist (GKRb ‰bivRëv`x),
a terrorist (GKRb mš¿vmev`x)|
4. Love for the whole world is called —
a. misanthropy b. philanthropy
c. misogyny d. benevolence Ans-b
Explanation:
Given word Definition
Misanthropy A person who hates all mankind (gvbewe‡Ølx, bi‡Ølx)
philanthropy A person who loves mankind (wek^‡cÖwgK, ‡jvKwn‰Zlx e¨w³)
misogyny Misogyny is the hatred of women (bvixwe‡Øl)
benevolence The quality of being kind and helpful (`vbkxjZv, e`vb¨Zv )
5. When we want to mean a government by the richest class we use the term —
a. Oligarchy b. Plutocracy
c. Cryptocracy d. Aristocracy Ans-b
Explanation:
Oligarchy (‡Mvôxkvmb) A small group of people having control of a country.
Plutocracy (awbKZš¿) A government by the richest class.
Cryptocracy (¸ßkvmK), A government where the real leaders are hidden.
Aristocracy (AwfRvZZš¿) A Goverbnment by the royal blood / nobles.
1. ‘The Rape of the Lock’ by Alexander Pope is a/an –

a. epic b. ballad
c. mock-heroic poem d. elegy Ans-c
Explanation: Alexander Pope(1700-1745) wQ‡jb Augustan Period Gi GKRb cÖavb Kwe| wZwb
Mock-heroic poet wn‡m‡e L¨vZ| Alexander Pope Gi weL¨vZ Mock-heroic narrative poem ‘The
Rape of the Lock’| Epic gv‡b gnvKve¨| Avi Mock-heroic poem n‡jv gnvKv‡eï mKj êwkó¨ _vKv
m‡Ë¦I †hLv‡b Zz”Q welq‡K †K›`ª K‡i e¨½ ev nvmvnvwm Kiv nq Ggb wee„wZg~jK KweZv| ‡hgb G KweZvq bvwqKv
†ewjÛv Gi Pz‡ji †ebx †K‡U (w`‡q‡Q e¨viY bv‡gi GK hyev) ‡`qvi Kvwnbx wPwÎZ n‡q‡Q hv cvVK g‡b nvmï‡mi m„wó
K‡i|
‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jvt
Alexander Pope Gi GKwU weL¨vZ Dw³ “To err is human, to forgive is divine” A_©vr Ò gvbyl gvÎB
fz‡ji Aaxb Avi ÿgv ¯^M©xq|Ó
2. Which of the following is not an American poet?
a. Robert Frost b. W. B. Yeats
c. Emily Dickinson d. Langston Hughes Ans-b
Explanation: W. B. Yeats GKRb weL¨vZ Irish Poet & Dramatist. wZwb e¨ZxZ cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ Ack‡bi
evKx wZbRb KweB Av‡gwiKvb|
3. William Shakespeare was born in –
a. 1616 b. 1664
c. 1564 c. 1493 Ans-c
Explanation: me©Kv‡ji †kÖô bvU¨Kvi I Kwe William Shakespeare 1564 wLªt Gi 23†k GwcÖj Bsj¨v‡Ûi
Stratford-upon-avon kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| GRb¨ Zuv‡K “Bard of Avon” ejv nq| e¨w³Rxe‡b William
Shakespeare wZb mšÍv‡bi RbK wQ‡jb| Zuvi `yB †g‡qi bvg Susana Ges Judith. Zuvi †Q‡j mšÍv‡bi bvg
n¨vg‡jU| wZwb Bsj¨v‡Ûi RvZxq Kwe (National Poet).
4. Tennyson’s ‘In Memoriam’ is an elegy on the death of —
a. John Milton b. John Keats
c. Arthur Henry Hallam d. Sydney Smith Ans-c
Explanation: Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892) wQ‡jb Victorian hy‡Mi GKRb Ab¨Zg Kwe| wZwb 1949
mv‡j Zuvi wcÖq eÜz Arthur Henry Hallam- Gi g„Zy¨‡Z ‘In Memoriam’(1850) elegy (†kvKMv_v) wU
wj‡Lb| ‘In Memoriam’ KweZvwUi c~Y© bvg n‡jv- ‘In Memoriam A.H.H’. GLv‡b A.H.H (Gi c~Y© iyc
n‡jv Ñ Arthur Henry Hallam.
GB KweZvwUi cÖK…Z wk‡ivbvg (Title) wQj: “The Way of the Soul”.
5. ‘Sweet Helen’ make me immortal with a kiss’ The sentence has been taken from the
play—
a. Romeo and Juliet b. Caesar and Cleopatra
c. Doctor Faustus c. Antony and Cleopatra Ans-c
Explanation: ‘Sweet Helen’ make me immortal with a kiss’ (my›ìx †n‡jb, Zzwg GK Pz¤^‡bi gva¨‡g
Avgv‡K AgiZ¡ `vb Ki|) Bs‡iwR Uªv‡RwWi RbK (Father of English Tragedy)
Christopher Marlowe Gi iwPZ weL¨vZ bvUK Doctor Faustus ‡_‡K Dw³wU ‡bIqv n‡q‡Q|Doctor
Faustus Uª¨vwRwWi c~Y© bvg n‡jv-The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus.
GwU AwgÎvÿi Q‡›` (Blank verse) †jLv| Christopher Marlowe wQ‡jb ‡k·wcq‡ii c~e©m~ix
(Predecessor). Zvu‡K Father of English Tragedy ejv n‡q _v‡K | bvU‡K wZwb (d÷vm) hv`ywe`¨v wkL‡Z
‡P‡q‡Qb Ges hv`ywe`¨v wk‡L wZwb we‡kî †kÖô my›ìx Helen Gi †`Lv cvb Ges Helen Zv‡K Kiss K‡i GUv †m
†`L‡Z cvq| ZLb wZwb Dw³wU K‡ib, ‘Sweet Helen’ make me immortal with a kiss.’
6. ‘What’s in a name? That which we call a rose by and other name Would smell as
sweet’- Who said this?
a. Juliet b. Romeo
c. Portia d. Rosalind Ans-a
Explanation: me©Kv‡ji †kÖô bvU¨Kvi William Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ we‡qvMvšÍK (Love tragedy) bvUK
“Romeo and Juliet” Gi Act 2, Scene 2 †Z Juliet D×…Z Soliloquy K‡i‡Qb| cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ ev‡Kï
gva¨‡g Romeo Zuvi bvwqKv Juliet Gi iƒ‡ci cÖksmv K‡ib| GLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q bv‡g Kx Av‡m hvq, †Mvjvc‡K Ab¨
bv‡g WvK‡jI †mwU myiwf Qov‡e|
7. “Man’s love is of man’s life a thing apart, ‘This woman’s whole existence.’’ – This is
taken from the poem of —
a. P. B. Shelley b. Lord Byron
c. John Keats d. Edmund Spenser Ans-b
Explanation: “Man’s love is of man’s life a thing apart, ‘This woman’s whole existence.’’
(‡cÖg cyiy‡li Kv‡Q Rxe‡bi GKwU Ask we‡kl Avi bvixi Kv‡Q mgMÖ Aw¯ÍZ¡ ) jvBbwU Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï we‡`ªvnx Kwe
(Rebel Poet) Lord Byron Gi iwPZ Don Juan KweZv †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q| GB KweZvi g~j Kvwnbx nj Elicit
love affair.
8. Who translated the ‘Rubaiyat of Omar Khyam’ into English?
a. Thomas Carlyle b. Edward Fitzgerald
c. D. G. Rossetti d. William Thackeray Ans-b
Explanation: cvi‡mï Rxebev`x Kwe (1048-1131) Igi ˆLqvg iPbv K‡ib KweZv Ô iæevBÕ| wZwb GKvav‡i
MwYZwe`, †R¨vwZ©we`, `vk©wbK Ges Kwe| 1859 mv‡j Bs‡iR Kwe Edward Fitzgerald dviwm fvlv †_‡K
Bs‡iwR‡Z ‘Rubaiyat of Omar Khyam’ wk‡ivbv‡g Abyev` K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z 1959 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq
Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg dviwm †_‡K evsjvq ÒiæevBqvZ-B Igi ‰LBqvg Ó bv‡g Abyev` K‡ib| ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx
Gi f~wgKv wj‡Lb|
9. ‘Ulysses’ is a novel written by-
a. Joseph Conrad b. Thomas Hardy
c. Charles Dickens d. James Joyce Ans-d
Explanation: ‘Ulysses’ novel wj‡L‡Qb James Joyce Avi Ab¨ w`‡K GKB bv‡g ‘Ulysses’ poem
wj‡L‡Qb Alfred Tennyson|
10. The Short story ‘The Diamond Necklace’ was written by –
a. Guy de Maupassant b. O Henry
c. Somerset Maugham d. George Orwell Ans-a
Explanation: Guy de Maupassant (wM `¨v †guvcvm 1850-1893 wLªt) GKRb divwm mvwnwZ¨K| wZwb
GKvav‡i †QvU MíKvi, Jcb¨vwmK Ges Kwe|
Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
The Diamond Necklace (1884), – Short Story, Suicides (1880), Useless Beauty ( 1890)
11. ‘All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand’ – who said this?
a. Macbeth b. Lady Macbeth
c. Lady Macduff d. Macduff Ans-b
Explanation: cÖ‡kœ D‡jøwLZ jvBbwU William Shakespeare Gi iwPZ weL¨vZ Tragedy bvUK Macbeth
†_‡K †bIqv| Scottland Gi ivRv Duncan Gi Ab¨Zg †mbvcwZ wQ‡jv Macbeth| Zvi ¯¿x Lady Macbeth
hv‡K PZz_© WvBbx ejv nq| ivRv WvbKvb GKevi wbR B”Qvq AvwZ_¨ MÖnY K‡ib Macbeth Gi cÖvmv‡`| ‡mUv wQ‡jv
cÖPÛ `~‡h©v‡Mi ivZ| Gw`‡K wZb WvBbx Rvbvq †h, Macbeth B n‡e K‡Wv iv‡Rï ivRv| WvBbx‡ì GB fwel¨r evbx
Lady Macbeth Gi g‡a¨ D”PvKv•Lvi Rb¥ †bq| Macbeth Zuvi ¯¿xi cÖ‡ivPbvq gnvb ivRv WvbKvb‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
G Lei †c‡q WvbKv‡bi `yB cyÎ Malcon I Donal Bain cvwj‡q hvq †m iv‡ZB| Macbeth wmsnvm‡b Avmxb
n‡jb| Gfv‡e WvBwb‡ì 2q fwel¨r evYxI mwZ¨ nq| wKšÍy Lady Macbeth Zvi K…ZK‡g©i Aby‡kvPbv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z
gvbwmK fvimg¨ nvwi‡q ‡d‡j Ges memgq †`L‡Z cvq Zvi nvZ i‡³ jvj n‡q Av‡Q| ZvB g„Zz¨ mh¨vq Ny‡gi ‡gv‡n
e‡j D‡Vb- “Here is still the smell of blood. All the perfume of Arabia will not sweeten this
little hand”. (Avgvi nvZ GL‡bv i‡³ iwÄZ n‡q Av‡Q| Avi‡ei mg¯Í myMwÜI Avgvi †QvU nvZ‡K cweÎ Ki‡Z
cvi‡ebv|) GiB gv‡S cjvZK cyÎØq (Malcon & Donal Bain) wd‡i Av‡m Ges wdwdi AwacwZi mv‡_ wgwjZ
n‡q Macbeth ‡K Avµgb K‡i| Macduff Macbeth-‡K nZ¨v K‡i| Ae‡k‡l Malcon Zvi wcZvi wmsnvm‡b
AwawôZ nq| Avi Gfv‡eB Macbeth Gi D”PvKv•Lvi Rb¨ Macbeth wb‡Ri aŸsm e‡q Av‡b Ges UªvwRK wn‡iv‡Z
cwiYZ nq|
12. ‘Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they? Think not of them, thou hast thy
music too.’- who wrote this?
a. William Wordsworth b. Robert Browning
c. John Keats d. Samuel Coleridge Ans-c
Explanation: D³ jvBbwU John Keats (1795-1821 ) Gi ‘To Autumn’KweZv †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡K
ejv nq Ò Poet of Beauty ” I “Poet of Sensuousness”.
Zvui D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Ode to a Nightingale Ode on Melancholy
Ode to Autumn Endymion
Ode on a Gracian Urn Hyperion
13. Who is the central character of ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emily Bronte?
a. Mr. Earnshaw b. Catherine
c. Heathcliff d. Hindley Earnshaw Ans-c
Explanation: Emily Bronte (Gwgwj eªw›U, 1818-1848 wLªt) wQ‡jb GKRb Bs‡iR Jcb¨vwmK| wZwb Zuvi
iwPZ †kÖô Dcb¨vm Wuthering Heights (1847) Gi Rb¨ mgwaK cwiwPZ| Dcb¨vmwU wZwb Ellis Bell QÙbv‡g
wj‡LwQ‡jb | Dcb¨vmwU BqK©kvqvi AÂ‡ji ce©Z Avi Rjvf~wgi cUf~wgKvq iwPZ| Dcb¨vmwUi †K›`ªxq (central
character) Heathcliff. Ab¨vb¨ Pwi‡Îi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- Catherine, Edger Linton Hareton
Earnshaw & Nelly Deam.
14. ‘The old order changeth, yielding place to new.’ – This line is extracted from
Tennyson’s poem –
a. The Lotos-Eaters b. Tithonus
c. Locksley Hall d. Morte d’ Arhtur Ans-d
Explanation: “The old order changeth, yielding place to new.” (G‡m‡Q bZzb wkï, Zv‡K †Q‡o
w`‡Z n‡e ¯’vb) jvBbwU Victorian hy‡Mi cÖavb Kwe Alfred Tennyson Gi KweZv ‘Morte d’Arhtur’ ‡_‡K
†bIqv n‡q‡Q|
15. Who wrote the poem ‘The Good-Morrow’?
a. George Herbert b. Andrew Marvell
c. John Donne d. Henry Vaughan Ans-c
Explanation: John Donne ‡K ejv nq Father of Metaphysical Poet. ‘The Good-Morrow’ Zuvi
GKwU weL¨vZ Metaphysical Poem. Zuv‡K “The Greatest Love Poet / Poet of Love” wn‡m‡eI AwfwnZ
Kiv nq| Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨K‡g©i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q-
The Sun Rising, The Canonization, Twicknam Garden BZ¨vw`|
41st BCS Preliminary Test
1. Why, then, ‘tis none to you, for there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking
makes it so.’ This extract is taken from the drama---
a) King Lear b) Macbeth
c) As You Like It d) Hamlet Ans- d
Explanation: cª`Ë Dw³wU Shakespeare-Gi weL¨vZ bvUK Hamlet ‡_‡K ‡bIqv n‡q‡Q| wcÖÝ n¨vg‡jU
Zvi ˆkk‡ei `yB eÜz Rosencrantz (‡ivRµ¨v›UR) Ges Guildenstern (wMj‡Wb÷vib) Gi mv‡_ K‡_vcK_‡bi
mgq Zv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ K‡i e‡jb hv‡ì ivRv †Mv‡q›`v wn‡m‡e cvwV‡qwQ‡jb| ZLb n¨vg‡jU Zv‡ì ivRv‡K ej‡Z e‡jb,
Zuvi Rxeb †_‡K mKj Avb›` nvwi‡q †M‡Q Ges GB c„w_exi †Kvb wKQz‡ZB (bvix wKsev cyiæl) Zvi AvMÖn †bB| wZwb
Awf‡hvM K‡i‡Qb ‡h wZwb Zuvi wb‡Ri ‡`k ‡WbgvK©‡K KvivMvi wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡Qb| Zvi eÜyiv G‡Z GKgZ bb
Ges ZLb kvixwiK I gvbwmKfv‡e wech©¯Í n¨vg‡jU Gi cÖwZwµqvq Rvbvb “ Why, then, ‘tis none to you, for
there is nothing good or bad but thinking makes it so.”(‡WbgvK©, †m‡Zv †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡Q wKQz g‡b bvI
n‡Z cv‡i,KviY fv‡jv ev g›` ej‡Z c„w_ex‡Z wKQzB †bB, wPšÍvB †Kvb wKQz‡K fv‡jv ev g›` evbvq|)
2. “Made weak by time and date, but strong in will to strive, to seek, to find, and not to
yield” is taken form the poem written by ---
a) Robert Browning b) Matthew Arnold
c) Alfred Tennyson d) Lord Byron Ans- c
Explanation: cª`Ë Dw³wU weL¨vZ wf‡±vwiqvb Kwe Alfred Tennyson Gi Ulysses bvgK KweZv ‡_‡K ‡bIqv
n‡q‡Q| ÒMade weak by time and fate, but strong in will To strive, to seek, to find, and not to
yield.”
(n‡q cwo `ye©j mgq Avi fv‡Mï Kv‡Q, wKš‘ B”Qvkw³ Av‡Q cÖej,
msMÖvg Kivi, AbymÜvb Kivi, Avwe®‹vi Kivi wKš‘ gv_v †bvqvevi bq|) (Ulysses: Alfred Tennyson).
GwU Ulysses KweZvi †kl `ywU PiY| ARvbv‡K Rvbvi AvKzjZv, cÖwZK‚jZvi weiæ‡× Rxeb msMÖv‡g †kl w`b ch©šÍ, ‡kl
Aa¨vq †`Lv Aewa GwM‡q qvIhvi `„p cÖZ¨q e¨³ n‡q‡Q Ulysses KweZvq|
wet `ªt GwU GKwU climax Gi D`vniY|
3. Who is not a romantic poet?
a) P. B. Shelley b) S.T Coleridge
c) John Keats d) T.S. Eliot Ans -d
Explanation: Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Romantic period Gi mgqKvj n‡jv (1798-1832). Romantic period
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K‡qKwU hyM| G hyM‡K ‘The Golden Period of lyric’ I ejv n‡q _v‡K| cÖ‡kœ
D‡jøwLZ Kwe‡ì Rb¥ I g„Zÿi mvj D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv t
Kwei bvg RxebKvj
P. B. Shelley (1792-1834)
S.T Coleridge (1772-1834)
John Keats (1795-1821)
T.S. Eliot (1888 -1965)
Ackb¸‡jvi gv‡S T. S. Eliot Qvov mevB ‡ivgvw›UK hy‡Mi Kwe wZwb n‡jb Georgian period (1910 -1936)
Gi Kwe| myZivs mwVK DËi T. S. Eliot.
4. In Shakespeare's play, Hamlet was prince of ----
a) Norway b) Britain
c) Denmark d) France Ans- c
Explanation: Shakespeare Gi weL¨vZ U«v‡RwW ÔHamlet’. Hamlet Uªv‡RwWi c~Y© bvg t The Tragedy
of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark hv ms‡¶‡c n¨vg‡jU bv‡g eûj cwiwPZ| GwU Shakespeare iwPZ me‡P‡q
RbwcÖq I KvjRqx Uªv‡RwW¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| Hamlet Gi bvqK ev ‡Kw›`«q PwiÎ Hamlet wQ‡jb ‡Wbgv‡Ki©
ivRKygvi Ges King Hamlet Gi cyG| wZwb (Protagonist -bvqK) Rvg©vwbi D‡UbevM© wek^we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ wQ‡jb|
myZivs, Hamlet was prince of Denmark. GB Uªv‡RwW hv 1599 Ges 1601 mv‡ji gv‡S ‡Kvb GKmgq iwPZ
n‡qwQj| GwU 29,551 wU kã wb‡q ‡k·wcqi iwPZ me‡P‡q `xN©Zg bvUK| ‡WbgvK© mvgªv‡Rï cUf~wg‡Z iwPZ GB
bvUK hyeivR n¨vg‡jU I Zvi PvPv K¬wWqv‡mi weiæ‡× cªwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv‡K ‡K›`ª K‡i AvewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| whwb wmsnvmb
`L‡ji Rb¨ n¨vg‡j‡Ui wcZv‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQ‡jb Ges n¨vg‡j‡Ui Rb¥`vÎx gv‡K we‡q K‡iwQ‡jb|
Hamlet → Protagonist (bvqK) Rvg©vwbi D‡UbevM© wek^we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ wQ‡jb|
Ab¨vb¨ PwiÎt
Claudius → Hamlet- Gi PvPv| Claudius n‡jb G Uªv‡RwWi Antagonist.
Gertrude → Hamlet- Gi gv|
Ophelia → Ophelia n‡jv Hamlet-Gi †cÖwgKv|
Polonius → Claudius Gi Dc‡`óv Ges Ophelia I Laertes Gi evev |
5. Adela Quested and Mrs. Moore are characters from the novel ---
a) David Copperfield b) The Return of the Native
c) A Passage to India d) Adam Bede Ans-c
Explanation: A passage to India (1924) Bs‡iR ‡jLK E. M. Forster (Edward Morgan
Forster) KZ©…K wjwLZ GKwU Dcb¨vm ‡hwU weªwUk ivR Ges 1920 mv‡ji fviZxq ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi
‡cª¶vc‡U iwPZ| Dcb¨vmwU‡Z weªwUk I fviZxq‡ì g‡a¨ m¤ú‡K©i Uvbv‡cv‡ob I weªwUk‡ì asmvZ¥K kvmb-
†kvl‡Yi wPÎ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| di÷vi Zvi GB Dcb¨v‡mi wk‡ivbvg wb‡q‡Qb Iqvë ûBUg¨v‡bi Leaves of
Grass Kve¨Mª‡š’i Passage to India bv‡gi GKwU KweZv ‡_‡K Dcb¨v‡mi MíwU PviwU Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g
AvewZ©Z nq t Wvt AvwRR, Zvi weªwUk eÜy wmwij wdwìs, wg‡mm gyi Ges wgm A¨v‡Wjv ‡Kv‡q‡÷W| Wvt
AvwRR G Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb PwiÎ Ges GKRb ZiæY BwÛqvb wPwKrmK, whwb P›`ªcy‡i weªwUk nvmcvZv‡j KvR
K‡ib| wgm A¨v‡Wjv ‡Kv‡q‡÷W GKRb ZiæY weªwUk ¯‹yj wkw¶Kv| wg‡mm gyi eq¯‹v Ges wPšÍvkxj gwnjv| myZivs
Adela Quested and Mrs. Moore are characters from the novel A passage to India.
Dcb¨vmwUi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ PwiÎ- Cyril Fielding, Ronny Heaslop, Professor Godbole,
Hamidullah, Mahmoud Ali, Stella Moore cÖf…wZ|
6. ‘Shylock’ is a character in the play ---
a) Twelfth Night b) The Merchant of Venice
c) Romeo and Juliet d) Measure for Measure Ans -b
Explanation: `¨ gv‡P©›U Ae ‡fwbm (The Merchant of Venice) n‡jv ‡lvpk kZvãx‡Z DBwjqvg ‡k·wcqi
iwPZ GKwU Rbwcªq Uª¨vwR-K‡gwW bvUK| kvBjK bvU‡Ki GKRb Lj PwiÎ (Antagonist / Villain)| ‡m RvwZ‡Z
GKRb Bûw` (A Jew) Ges ‡ckvq my` eëmvqx| Zvi Kb¨v ‡RwmKv j‡i‡‡Äv| A¨v‡›UvwbI wQ‡jb AZ¨šÍ mr I
eÜzermj| †m Zuvi eÜz‡ì wec‡` mvnvh¨ KiZ| kvBjK A¨v‡›UvwbIi nv‡Z AmsL¨ evi AcgvwbZ nevi cªwZ‡kva ‡bevi
my‡hvM cvq hLb evmvwbI‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z A¨v‡›UvwbI Zvi Kv‡Q UvKv avi Ki‡Z Av‡m| wKš‘ ‡cvwk©qvi eyw× A¨‡›UvwbI‡K
i¶v K‡i| wePv‡i kvBjK civwRZ nq Ges Zvi A‡a©K m¤úwË ev‡Rqvß Kiv nq| kvBj‡Ki PwiÎ we‡kølY Ki‡j ‡`Lv
hvq ‡m Cl©vcivhY I KyUeyw× m¤úbœ| kvBjK PwiÎwU bvUKwUi eûgvwÎKZv Zy‡j a‡i‡Q|
7. ‘Vanity Fair’ is a novel written by ---
a) D.H. Lawrence b) William Makepeace Thackeray
c) Joseph Conrad d) Virginia Woolf Ans- b
Explanation: DBwjqvg g¨vKwcm _¨vKvwi (William Makepeace Thackeray ; 18 RyjvB 1811 - 24
wW‡m¤î 1863) wQ‡jb GKRb weªwUk Jcb¨vwmK, mvwnwZ¨K I wPÎKi| wZwb fvi‡Z Rb¥MªnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Vanity
Fair n‡jv William Makepeace Thackeray Gi GKwU Dcb¨vm| wZwb Zuvi e¨½ag©x Kg©, we‡kl K‡i f¨vwbwU
‡dqvi (1848) Ges `¨ jvK Ae e¨vwi wjÛb (1844) Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨ cªwm×| Zv‡K Pvj©m wW‡K‡Ýi ci wf‡±vixq
hy‡Mi wØZxq ‡miv cªwZfvai I eyw×`xß ‡jLK e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq| Vanity Fair Dcb¨vmwU‡Z †Kvb bvqK bvB|
Dcb¨vmwU‡Z ‡bcjxq hy× cieZ©x mg‡qi eÜy I cwiev‡ii gv‡S ‡ewK kvc© I A¨v‡gwjqv ‡mWwji Rxebhvc‡bi Mí wee„Z
n‡q‡Q| Dcb¨vmwU‡Z wfbœg‡Zi bvix ewK kvc© I A¨v‡gwjqv ‡mWwji fvM¨cwiµgv Z_v Zv‡ì Rxebhvc‡bi M‡íi
gva¨‡g Bsj¨vÛ mgv‡Ri ga¨weË †kÖwYi mgvReë¯’v‡K Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|
8. ‘Pip’ is the protagonist in Charles Dickens' novel----
a) A Christmas Carol b) A Tale of Two Cities
c) Oliver Twist d) Great Expectations Ans-d
Explanation: Charles Dickens (1812-1870 ) Gi Dcb¨vm Great Expectations Gi ‡Kw›`ªq PwiÎ ev
bvqK Ges eY©bvKvix n‡jv Pip. wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡M BD‡iv‡ci mvwn‡Z¨ GK bZyb w`Kcv‡ji bvg Pvj©m wW‡KÝ| wZwb
GKvav‡i Jcb¨vwmK, mvsevw`K, m¤úv`K, mwPÎ cªwZ‡e`K Ges mgv‡jvPK wQ‡jb| Z‡e Pvj©m wW‡KÝ‡K BwZnvm g‡b
ivL‡e Zvi AmvaviY ‡jLbxi Rb¨| ÔAwjfvi UyB÷Õ, ÔA¨v wµ÷gvm K¨vijÕ, Ôwb‡Kvjvm wbKjweÕ, Ô‡WwfW KcviwdìÕ,
ÔA¨v ‡Uj Ad Uy wmwUmÕ Ges Ô‡MªU G·‡cK‡UkbÕ- Gi g‡Zv KvjRqx Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv wW‡KÝ‡K Ebwesk kZvãxi
me‡P‡q Rbwcªq ‡jLK wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qv nq| wdwjc wcwic , WvKbvg wcc GKRb Abv_ Ges `y`©všÍ cªZ¨vkvi bvqK
I eY©bvKvix| GKgvÎ †evb Qvov GB c„w_ex‡Z Zvi Avi †KD †bB| ‰kkeKv‡j, wcc Zvi mr fvB-‡evb, ‡Rv MviRvwii
g‡Zv Kvgvi nIqvi ¯^cœ ‡`‡LwQ‡jb| cieZ©x‡Z wc‡ci wbR¯^ cvwievwiK mËv I mgvR‡K Z¨vM K‡i eo‡jvK nIqvi †h
D”PvKv•Lv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q , †mUv‡K †jLK e¨½ K‡i Ô‡MªU G·‡cK‡UkbÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| GKw`b Jagger
bv‡gi GKRb AvBbRxex Pip Gi Rb¨ jÛ‡b fvM¨ Movi myLei wb‡q Avm‡jb Ges Rvbvb Pip Gi GKRb ïfvKv•Lx
Zv‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z GwM‡q G‡m‡Qb| Pip †f‡ewQ‡jv Miss Havisham †mB ïfvKv•Lx| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z cÖKvwkZ
nq †mB cjvZK Avmvgx Magwitch B †mB ïfvKv•Lx †h Pip Gi mn‡hvwMZvi cÖwZ K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jv|
bvU‡Ki †kl `„‡k¨ †`Lv hvq ¯^vgx Øviv wbh©vwZZ Estella ¯^vgxi g„Zzï ci Av‡iv bgbxq n‡q c‡owQ‡jv| †m mgq Zvi
Rxe‡b Pip Gi Dcw¯’wZ Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K©i ¯’vwq‡Z¡i w`‡K GwM‡q †h‡Z _v‡K|
9. Lady Chatterley's Lover ' written by the author of ----
a) Lord Jim b) The rainbow
c) Ulysses d) A Passage of India Ans- b
Explanation: D. H Lawrence wQ‡jb AvaywbK hy‡Mi GKRb weL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K, Kwe I wPÎwkíx| Lady
Chatterley's Lover n‡jv D. H Lawrence Gi GKwU Dcb¨vm| D. H Lawrence Gi Av‡iv GKwU weL¨vZ
mvwnZ¨Kg© n‡jv The Rainbow. myZivs, Lady Chatterley’s Lover Gi ‡jLK D H Lawrence KZ©„K
The Rainbow iwPZ nq|
Novels  The White Peacock (1911) (cÖ_g Dcb¨vm)

 The Trespasser (1912)
 Sons and Lovers (1913) (GwU Zuvi AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK MÖš’|)
 The Rainbow (1915)
(William wordsworth Gi GKwU weL¨vZ KweZvI The Rainbow bv‡g i‡q‡Q|)
 Women in Love (1920)
Short  The Virgin and the Gypsy
Stories  The Fox (1923)
 Mother and Daughter (1929)
10. The play ‘The Birthday Party’ is written by ---
a) Samuel Beckett b) Henry Livings
c) Harold Pinter d) Arthur Miller Ans-c
Explanation: Harold Pinter wQ‡jb GKRb Av‡gwiKvb Jcb¨vwmK, Kwe I wPÎbvU¨Kvi| wZwb 2005 mv‡j
mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| The Birthday Party n‡jv Harold Pinter Gi GKwU weL¨vZ bvUK|
Samuel Beckett Gi wKQz weL¨vZ bvUK n‡jv Ñ Waiting for Godot, Works and Music, End Game,
Happy Days , Breathe BZ¨vw`| Henry Livings Gi wKQz weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg© n‡jv Ñ Stop It, Whoever
You Are, Good Grief!, Reasons for Flying, Conciliation, Rough Side Of The Boards BZ¨vw`|
Arthur Miller Gi wKQz weL¨vZ bvUK n‡jv Ñ All My Sons , The Death of a Sales Man , A View
form the Bridge.
Harold Pinter Gi Ab¨vb¨ weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg©:
Famous Books  No Man’s Land
 The Caretaker
 The Room
 The Dumb Waiter
 The Home coming
11. ‘Time held me green and dying
Though I sang in my chains like the sea.’ Those lines have been quoted from Dylan
Thomas' poem
a) The Flower b) Fern Hill
c) By Fire d) After the Funeral Ans- b
Explanation: Time held me green and dying
Though I sang in my chains like the sea.
(A_©-ÔÔmgqB †gv‡i K‡iwQj hyev †di Kwij `v`v
c‡owQ Zvi euva‡b †hgb K‡i mvMi Avi Pvu` evav|)
DcwiD³ cO&w³wU Fern Hill Gi Dylan Thomas bvgK KweZv †_‡K D×…Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| Fern Hill wWjvb
Ugv‡mi (Dylan Thomas) GKwU m¥„wZPviYg~jK KweZv| KweZvwU‡Z Kwe ‰kke I ‰K‡kv‡ii bvbv m¥„wZ I Avb‡›Ì
K_v Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|
GLv‡b Kwe Zuvi evj¨Kv‡ji AwfÁZv I gwngvwš^Z mg‡qi K_v e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| KweZvwU‡Z DBwjqvg ‡eø‡Ki (William
Blake) Innocence and Experience Gi cªfve j¶ Kiv hvq Avi DBwjqvg IqvW©mIqv_© (William
Wordsworth) Gi Double Consciousness bvgK wPšÍvKí Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| ‰kke I ‰K‡kvi ¯§„wZ Kwe
wWjb Ugvm‡K e¨vKyjfv‡e ¯§„wZ ZvwoZ Ki‡Q| KweZvwU‡Z Kwe Zvui ‰kk‡ei w`MšÍ we¯Íi ‡Ljvi gvV, L‡oi Mv`v, Miæ-
evQy‡ii wcQy ‡QvUv, Loevnx Mvwo‡Z ‡P‡c emv, Gme welq‡K wbR ¯§„wZi i‡O ivwO‡q ¯^wcœj K‡i cwi‡ekb K‡i‡Qb|
dv‡g©i me MvQ, cïcvwL, Miæ- QvMj meB wQj Zvi †Ljvi mvw_| Kwe e‡j‡Qb mgq †hb `ªæZ P‡j †M‡Q ˆkke‡K †d‡j
†i‡L| Av‡Rv i‡q‡Q †mB dvg© ïay †bB †mB gvqvfiv ¯^M©xq mgq|
12. Was this the face that launch’d a thousand ships, and burnt the topless towers of
llium? -Who speaks the famous lines?
a) Caesar b) Antony
c) Faustus d) Romeo Ans- c
Explanation: D³ jvBb¸‡jv Elizabethan Period- Gi Kwe, bvU¨Kvi I Abyev`K Christopher
Marlowe- Gi ‘Doctor Faustus’ bvUK ‡_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q| Avi weL¨vZ jvBb¸‡jv e¨³ K‡i‡Qb †K›`xq PwiÎ
Faustus. Faustus GKRb Rvg©vb cwÛZ| ‡m Rvg©vwbi DB‡UbevM© BDfvwm©wU‡Z covïbv K‡i| ‡m †i‡bmuvi †PZbvq
AbycÖvwYZ e¨w³| Faustus Zuvi mxgvnxb ÿgZv jv‡fi Avkvq 24 eQ‡ii Rb¨ †m jywmdvi Gi mv‡_ wb‡Ri i³ w`‡q
Pzw³ K‡i| ‡m AvZ¥xq¯^Rb‡ì mnvqZv wb‡q ag©Z‡Ë¡ wc.GBP.wW AR©b K‡i| wKšÍy HwZn¨MZ Áv‡b wZwb mšÍó bq| ZvB
AwZ gvbexq ÿgZv AR©‡bi gva¨‡g ‡m cÖfvekvjx n‡q DV‡e| Faustus Zvi åg‡Yi mgq my›ìx †n‡j‡bi mvÿvr cvq|
Faustus Zvi †mŠ›`‡h©I w`‡K Aev&K `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q †_‡K e‡jwQ‡jb eyS‡Z cvijvg †Kb jÿ jÿ gvbyl Zvi Rb¨
Uªqhy‡× wM‡qwQj| †m Zvi Dww³i 2q As‡k e‡jwQj Ò GB Kx †bB P›`ªe`b (†n‡jb) , hv Rb¨ Bwjqvg ( Uªq) bMix
hy‡× cy‡o QvB n‡q wM‡qwQj?Ó Awb›`¨ my›ìx Helen ‡K Av‡iv e‡j “Sweet Helen, make me immortal with
a kiss”.
13. The character ‘Alfred Doolittle’ is taken from Shaw's play titled ---
a) Pygmalion b) Man and Superman
c) The Doctors Dilemma d) Mrs. Warrens Profession Ans- a
Explanation: weL¨vZ AvBwik bvU¨Kvi I mgv‡jvPK George Bernard Shaw Gi GKwU bvUK
‘Pygmalion’. Avi G bvU‡Ki GKwU PwiÎ n‡jv Alfred Doolittle. G bvUKwUi Av‡iv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ wKQz
PwiÎ n‡jv: Eliza Doolittle, Henry Higgins, Clara Eynsford Hill, Freddy Eynsford Hill,
Colonel Hugh Pickering BZ¨vw`| ‘Pygmalion’ bvUKwUi Rb¨ 1939 mv‡j wZwb A¯‹vi cyi®‹vi jvf
K‡ib|
14. The poem 'The Love Song of J . Alfred Prufrock is written by---
a) W. B Yeats b) T. S. Eliot
c) Walter Scott d) Robert Browning Ans- b
Explanation: Av‡gwiKvb es‡kv™¢‚Z weªwUk Kwe T. S. Eliot Gi cÖ_g D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv The Love Song of
J. Alfred Prufrock. GwU GKwU Dramatic Monologue (bvUKxq ¯^M‡Zvw³i) Gi Abb¨ D`vniY hv wU. Gm.
Gwj‡qU‡K wek^L¨vwZ G‡b †`q| 1948 mv‡j The Waste Land KweZvi Rb¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb|
Poetry  Gerontion (1920)
 The Waste Land (1922)
 The Hollow Men (1925)
 Poems (1909-1925)
 Ash Wednesday (1930)
 Four Quartets (1944)
Poems  The Dry Salvages (1941)
Plays  Murder in the Cathedral (‡kÖô bvUK)
 The Family Reunion (1939)
 The Cocktail Party (1949)
15. Who is the author of the first scientific romance ‘The Time Machine’?
a) H.G Wells b) Samuel Butler
c) Henry James d) George Moorse Ans- a
Explanation: H. G. Wells wQ‡jb cÖvYx we`¨vq BSC wWMÖx AR©bKvix GKRb Jcb¨vwmK| Zuvi c~Y©bvgt
Herbert George Wells. The Time Machine n‡jv H. G. Wells (1895) iwPZ GKwU mvBÝ wdKkb|
eBwU‡Z UvBg †gwkb ej‡Z Ggb GK h‡š¿i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q hvi mvnv‡h¨ AZxZ I fwel¨‡Z B‡”Qg‡Zv Ny‡i Avmv hvq|
Zuvi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨K‡g©i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Ñ The War of the World, The Invisible Man, The Island of
Doctor Moreau, A Modern Utopia, Outline of History, The First Man in the Moon BZ¨vw`|
42nd BCS Preliminary Test
1. “A passage to India” is written by-

(a) E. M. Forster (b) Nirod C. Chowdhuri
(c) Rudyard Kipling (d) Walt Whitman Ans- a
Explanation: A passage to India (1924) Bs‡iR cÖvewÜK I Jcb¨vwmK E. M. Forster
(Edward Morgan Forster) KZ©…K wjwLZ GKwU Dcb¨vm ‡hwU weªwUk ivR Ges 1920 mv‡ji fviZxq
¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡cª¶vc‡U iwPZ| Dcb¨vmwU‡Z weªwUk I fviZxq‡ì g‡a¨ m¤ú‡K©i Uvbv‡cv‡ob I
weªwUk‡ì asmvZ¥K kvmb- †kvl‡Yi wPÎ ewb©Z n‡q‡Q| di÷vi gyjZ BwÛqvq †h AwfÁZv AR©b K‡i‡Qb
Zvi wfwË‡Z Dcb¨vmwU iPbv K‡i‡Qb| di÷vi Zvi GB Dcb¨v‡mi wk‡ivbvg wb‡q‡Qb Iqvë ûBUg¨v‡bi
Leaves of Grass Kve¨Mª‡š’i Passage to India bv‡gi GKwU KweZv ‡_‡K Dcb¨v‡mi MíwU PviwU
Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g AvewZ©Z nq t Wvt AvwRR, Zvi weªwUk eÜy wmwij wdwìs, wg‡mm gyi Ges wgm A¨v‡Wjv
‡Kv‡q‡÷W| Wvt AvwRR G Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb PwiÎ Ges GKRb ZiæY BwÛqvb wPwKrmK, whwb P›`ªcy‡i weªwUk
nvmcvZv‡j KvR K‡ib| wgm A¨v‡Wjv ‡Kv‡q‡÷W GKRb ZiæY weªwUk ¯‹yj wkw¶Kv| wg‡mm gyi eq¯‹v Ges
wPšÍvkxj gwnjv| myZivs Adela Quested and Mrs. Moore are characters from the novel A
passage to India. Dcb¨vmwUi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ PwiÎ- Cyril Fielding, Ronny Heaslop,
Professor Godbole, Hamidullah, Mahmoud Ali, Stella Moore cÖf…wZ|
Nirad C. Chowdhuri (1897-1999): Nirad C. Chowdhuri wQ‡jb evsjv‡`wk es‡kv™¢‚Z
fviZxq ‡jLK| wZwb 1897 mv‡ji 23 b‡f¤î gqgbwms‡ni wK‡kviMÄ †Rjvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb wQ‡jb
AvBbRxex D‡c›`ªbvivqY †PŠayixi 2q mšÍvb| 1951 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ ÔThe Autobiography of an
unknown Indian’ Gi Rb¨ wZwb weL¨vZ| Zuvi Av‡iv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv n‡jv t
➢ A Passage to England
➢ The Continent of Circe
➢ The Longest Journey
➢ Culture in the Vanity Bag
Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936): Rudyard Kipling 1965 mv‡ji 30 wW‡m¤î †ev‡¤^‡Z Rb¥MÖnYKvix
weªwUk mvsevw`K| wkï mvwnwZ¨K wn‡m‡e wZwb my-L¨vwZ †c‡qwQ‡jb| 1907 mv‡j wZwb mvwn‡Z¨ ‡bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf
K‡ib|
Novels  The Light that Failed (1891)
 Captains Courageous (1896)
 Kim (1901)
 Soldiers Three
Short  The Jungle Book (1894) GB MÖš’wUi Rb¨ wZwb 1907 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨
Stories †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|
 The Second Jungle Book (1895)
 Puck of Pook’s Hill (1906)
 Debits and Credits (1926)
Walt Whitman ( 1819- 1892): Walt Whitman GKRb cÖL¨vZ gvwK©b Kwe, cÖvewÜK I mvsevw`K| Walt
Whitman me©vwaK cªfvekvjx gvwK©b Kwe‡ì Ab¨Zg| Walt Whitman n‡jb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ gy³K Q‡›ì (Free Verse)
RbK| Walt Whitman, Robert Frost Ges Emily Dickinson- G wZbRb‡K Amrrican RvZxq Kwe wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv
nq| Zuv‡K MYZ‡š¿i KweI ejv nq| gvbeZvev`x Kwe Walt Whitman gvbeZvev`x Zuvi iPbvq Zzixqev` I ev¯ÍeZvev‡ì mw¤§jb
NwU‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi iPbv ‡m hy‡M h‡_ó weZ‡K©i m„wó K‡i| we‡klZ K‡i Zuvi Kve¨msKjb Ô wjfm Ad Mªvm- Leaves of Grass
gvÎvwZwi³ AkøxjZvi `v‡q Awfhy³ nq|
Poems  Leaves of Grass

 O’ Captain, My Captain
 Song of Myself
 Franklin Evans
 I sing the Body Electric
2. Who wrote Dr. Zhivago?
(a) Maxim Gorky (b) Boris Pasternak
(c) Fyodor Dostoyevsky (d) Leo Tolstoy Ans- b
Explanation: Boris Pasternak (1890-1960) wQ‡jb ivwkqvi GKRb weL¨vZ Kwe, Jcb¨vwmK I
Abyev`K| Doctor Zhivago ewim cv‡¯Íb©vK iwPZ me‡P‡q RbwcÖq Dcb¨vm| Dcb¨vmwU‡Z 1905 mv‡ji iwkqvi
A‡±vei wecøe I wØZxq wek^hy× m¤ú‡K© ‡jLK Zvi g‡bi ¯^vaxb Ae¯’v ¯’vb ‡c‡q‡Q| 1955 mv‡j Dcb¨vmwU †jLv
m¤ú~Y© n‡jI ivwkqvi ivóªwPšÍv we‡ivax I ivwkqvi mgvR KvVv‡gvi cÖwZ AeÁv cÖ`k©‡bi Awf‡hvM G‡b ZrKvjxb
†mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡b GwU cKvk Kiv cZ¨vL¨vb Kiv n‡qwQj| cieZ©x‡Z 1957 mv‡j GwU BZvwj‡Z cÖKvwkZ nq|
1958 mv‡j ewim cv‡¯Íb©vK Doctor Zhivago Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡i f‚wlZ nb| wKš‘ †mvwf‡qZ
BDwbqb G‡Z Av‡iv ivMvwY¦Z nb Ges Ô‡mvwf‡qZ †jLK msNÕ †_‡K Zv‡K ewn¯‹vi Kiv nq| †mvwf‡qZ miKv‡ii
Pv‡c I Zvi weiæ‡× ivóª‡`ªvnx Av‡›`vj‡bi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Amy¯’ cv‡¯Íb©vK †bv‡ej KwgwU‡K cyi¯‹vi cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡I wPwV
wjL‡Z eva¨ nb|
Poetry  My Sister, Life (1922)
 Twin in the Clouds
 On Early Trains
 When the Weather Clears
Books of  Childhood
Prose  Second Birth
Novel  Doctor Zhivago (1957)
Maxim Gorky (1868-1936): Maxim Gorky Gi c~Y© bvg: Alexei Maximovich Peshkov
(Av‡jw· g¨vw·‡gvwfm †ckKf)| Zvi QÙbvg Gorkey. Zuv‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K The Father of Socialist Realism
(mgvRZvwš¿K e¯Íyev‡ì RbK)|
 Mother (1906 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ wecøex kÖwgK Av‡›`vj‡bi cUf~wg‡Z iwPZ| cÖavb PwiÎ: cv‡fj I Zvi gv|)
 My Childhood
Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881): Fyodor Dostoevsky wQ‡jb ivwkqvi weL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K,
`vk©wbK I mvsevw`K| Zuvi c~Y© bvg: Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (wdqWi wgLvBjwfP& Wóqfw¯‹)|
Novel  Crime and Punishment (1866)
 Demons (1872)
 The Idiot (1869)
 The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
Leo Tolsoty ( (1828-1910): Leo Tolsoty wQ‡jb GKRb ivwkqvb Jcb¨vwmK, bvU¨Kvi I ivR‰bwZK
wPšÍvwe`|
Novels  War and Peace: G MÖš’wUi †cÖÿvcU n‡jv †b‡cvwjqb †evbvcv‡U©i iæk
Awfhvb|
 Anna Karenina: Gi g~j welq n‡jv- Adultery (ciKxqv) †cÖ‡gi
Kiæb cwiYwZ|
 Childhood (1st Novel)
 Resurrection (last Novel)
 The Kingdom of God is Within you
 The Devil
4. ‘For God's sake hold your tongue and let me love’ occurs in a novel by-
(a)Jane austen (b)Syed Waliullah
(c)Somerset maugham (d)Robindronath tagore Ans- b
Explanation: GwU g~jZ weL¨vZ metaphysical poet John Donne Gi weL¨vZ KweZv "The
Canonization " Gi cª_g jvBb| 1929 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ iex›`ªbv_ VvKyi iwPZ `kg Dcb¨vm †k‡li KweZvq Gi
jvBbwUi D‡jøL Av‡Q|
"‡`vnvB †Zv‡ì, GKUyKy Pyc Ki,
fvjevwmev‡i †` †gv‡i Aemi"
Ô‡k‡li KweZvÕ co‡Z wM‡q mvwnZ¨‡cªgx‡ì g‡b evievi ‡XD Zyj‡eB GB jvBb `yÕwU| †k‡li KweZv Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK
AwgZ bvwqKv jveY¨‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i Dw³wU K‡iwQ‡jv|
bv›`wbK GB csw³wU iwe VvKyi Abyev` K‡iwQ‡jb GK ‡gvnbxq, AšÍ‡f©`x Bs‡iwR KweZv 'The Canonization'
‡_‡K| g~j jvBbwU n‡jv-
ÒFor GodÕs sake hold your tongue and let me love...Ó (The canonization, John Donne)
Ô‡k‡li KweZvÕq iex›`«bv_ GKvwaKevi Zvi bvg wb‡q‡Qb| ‡h K'Rb we‡`kx Kwe Øviv Kwe¸iæ cªfvweZ wQ‡jb, Zv‡ì
g‡a¨ G‡Kev‡i cª_gw`‡K _vK‡e Rb Wv‡bi bvg| ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv, Rb Wvb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Zï AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
GKRb Kwe| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Avwawe`¨vg~jK KweZv Z_v ÔMetaphysical PoemÕ Gi RbK ejv nq Zv‡K|
avivwUi bvg KwVb n‡jI e¯‘wU eoB gayi| Avi Wv‡bi gay‡Z ‡h GKevi g‡R‡Q, Zvi ‡bkv AvRxeb KvUv‡bv Am¤¢e|
BCS Preliminary Suggestion (English Language) by S M Shamim Ahmed
(Suggested according to the new the syllabus (English Language part) of the
BCS Preliminary Examination formulated by BPSC)
BCS English Language

(According to BCS preliminary Syllabus)
Final Suggestion
(Based on previous years’ Questions Analysis)
Prepared by:
S M Shamim Ahmed
B.A (Honours) English Literature
Double M.A in English Literature & Elt
Jahangirnagar University.
Writer: A Gateway to English Literature
Cliffs Toefl Grand Review
For more join: BCS Career Plus or A Gateway to English Literature (FB group)
BCS Preliminary Question Analysis (English Language Step-01)
Bs‡iwR fvlv I mvwnZ¨ covi cªwZ AvMªn m„wói Rb¨ G Avgvi GKvšÍ cÖqvm| BCS Preliminary-‡Z Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ I fvlvZ‡Ë¡
35 gvK©m eivÏ _v‡K hv wcÖwj‡Z K…ZKvh© nIqvi AZ¨šÍ Riæix| BPSC KZ©©„K cÖ`Ë wm‡jevm Abymv‡i English Language &
Literature As‡k 35 gv‡K©i Rb¨ mvaviYZ 35 wU cÖkœ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Gi g‡a¨ 20 gvK© MÖvgvi †_‡K Ges 15 gvK© mvwnZ¨ Ask
†_‡K _v‡K| BCS Preliminary Question Analysis Ki‡j †`Lv hvq ‡h, English Language & Literature
cÖavbZ 3 wU Ask wb‡q MwVZ | h_v:
1. Grammar
2. Literature &
3. Vocabulary.
wKš‘ GUv AZ¨šÍ cwiZv‡ci welq †h Avgv‡ì AwaKvsk cwiÿv_©x Bs‡iwR MÖvgvi I mvwnZ¨ fxwZ †_‡K GB As‡k h_vh_ cÖ¯‘wZ
‡bIqv †_‡K wb‡R‡ì weiZ iv‡L| ZvB BCS Preliminary Question Analysis K‡i Bs‡iwR MÖvgvi Gi †Kvb Ask
†_‡K co‡j Avcwb mn‡RB 15-17 gvK©m Kgb cv‡eb Zvi GKUv we‡kølYag©x ZvwjKv wb‡¤œ †Ìqv n‡jv| English Language
‡_‡K †Kgb Question nq Zv jÿ¨ Kiæb |
1. Parts of Speech (3-5 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. A lost opportunity never returns. Here ‘lost’ is a – [40th BCS ]
Q. Which of the following words masculine – [40th BCS ]
Q. Identity the determiner in the following sentence. I have no news for you – [40th BCS ]
2. Idioms & phrases (wbwðZ 2/3 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. ‘He ran with great speed.’ The underlined part of the sentence is a – [40th BCS ]
Q. ‘Once is a blue moon’ means – [38th BCS ]
Q. ‘He worked with all sincerity.’ The underlined phrase is a – [37th BCS ]
3. Clauses (wbwðZ 1/2 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. ‘Strike while the iron is hot.’ is an example of – [38th BCS]
Q. ‘This is the book I lost.’ – [37th BCS ]
4. Sentences & Transformation ( wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. ‘We must not late, else we will miss the train.’ This is a – [40th BCS ]
Q. ‘A rolling stone gathers no moss.’ The complex form of the sentence is – [37th BCS ]
5. Corrections ( GB UwcK †_‡K cÖvq cÖwZeviB 1 gvK© Kgb _v‡K|)
Q. Choose the correct sentence: ‘He refrain from taking any drastic action.’ – [38th BCS ]
Q. Choose the correct sentence: ‘All of it depends on you.’ – [37th BCS ]
6. Synonyms & Antonyms .... ( wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb| fvM¨ fvj n‡j 2 gvK©I Kgb ‡c‡Z cv‡ib|)
Q. Which word is similar to ‘Appal’ – Dismay [40th BCS ]
Q. Which word is closest in meaning to ‘Franchise’ – privilege [38th BCS ]
7. Correct Spelling (wbwðZ 1 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Q. Identify the word which spelt incorrectly – Consciencious [40th BCS ]
Q. Select the correct spelt word – Heterogeneous [38th BCS ]
8. Same word used as different parts of speech (1 gvK© Kgb ‡c‡Z cv‡ib|)
Q. Verb of number is – enumerate [36th BCS ]
Q. He has done no wrong. – Noun [Kuet 12-13]
9. Compositions
Narration (Extra) (GB 3wU UwcK †_‡K wbwðZ 2 gvK© Kgb cv‡eb|)
Conditional Sentence
Q. An extra message added at the end of a letter. It is signed is called – postscript [40th BCS]
Q. Teacher said, “The earth –– round the sun.” [36th BCS ]
Q. This could have worked if I –– more cautious. – had [36th BCS ]
10. One-word substitutions

Right form of verb /tense (GB 3wU UwcK †_‡K Kgc‡ÿ 1/2 gvK© Kgb cv‡e|)
BCS Previous years questions
Q. The word ‘Panegyric’ means – elaborate praise [38th BCS ]
Q. When water –– it turns into ice. – freezes [38th BCS ]
we:`ª: BCS English Language As‡k GKUz fvj K‡i ¸wQ‡q preparation wb‡j Lye mn‡RB 15-17 gvK©m cvIqv
m¤¢e| B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avcbviv cixÿvi Question Pattern, Level of difficulty BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ¯^”Q aviYv
†c‡q‡Qb| Dc‡i ewY©Z Av‡jvPbv AbymiY Kiæb| cieZ©x As‡k Rvb‡eb wKfv‡e study Ki‡j mn‡R AšÍZ 95%
cÖ‡kœi mwVK DËi w`‡Z mÿg n‡eb|
The most important topics for 41st & 43rd BCS (Step-02)
1. ****Verb, Gerund & Participle--- [40th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th BCS, 32nd
BCS]
2. *** Number & Gender ------------- [40th BCS, 39th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 34th BCS]
3. ** Determiner, Noun --------------- [40th BCS, 39th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th
BCS]
4. *** Phrase & Clause --------------- [40th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 32nd BCS]
5. *** Subject verb Agreement ------ [37th BCS, 36th BCS, 33rd BCS]
6. *** Tense, voice -------------------- [40th BCS, 39th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 31st BCS, 30th
BCS]
7. *** Adjective & Adverb ----------- [40th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 35th BCS, 32nd]
8. *** Preposition --------------------- [40th BCS, 39th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS,
35th BCS, 35th BCS, 33rd BCS, 31st BCS, 30th BCS)
9. *** Conditional Sentence --------- [39th BCS, 38th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th BCS, 30th BCS]
10. *** Analogy ------------------------ [39th BCS, 35th BCS, 34th BCS, 32nd BCS]
11. *** Spelling ------------------------ [39th BCS , 36th BCS, 29th BCS]
12. *** Vocabulary--------------------- [40th BCS, 39th BCS, 38th BCS, 37th BCS, 36th BCS, 35th
BCS, 34th BCS, 33rd BCS, 32nd BCS, 31st BCS, 30th BCS]
Avoiding Risk
13. Pronoun
14. Sentence and its kinds
15. Degree & Voice
16. Article
17. One-word substitutions
BCS Preliminary Question Analysis (English Language) According to new

syllabus (35th to 40th) Step-03
Topic’s name KZ Zg wewmGm?

( Uwc‡Ki bvg) 35th 36th 37th 38th 40th
A. Parts of Speech
The Noun 1 - 1 1 1
The Pronoun - - - 1 -
The Verb 1 - - - -
The Adjective 2 - - - 1
The Adverb - - 1 1 -
The Preposition 1 5 1 2 2
The Conjunction - - - - -
The Determiner 2 - - - 1
The Gender - - - 1 1
The Number - - 1 2 1
B. Idioms & Phrases 4 1 1 3 3
C. Clause
The Noun Clause - - - - -
The Adjective Clause - - 1 - -
The Adverbial Clause - - 1 1 -
D. Corrections 1 2 1 1 -
E. Sentence & Transformation 1 - - - -
F. Words
Synonyms 3 1 3 1 4
Antonyms 1 2 1 1 1
Spellings - - - 1 1
Substitution 2 - 1 1 -
Right form of verbs - - - 1 -
Conditional 1 1 - 1 -
Subject verb Agreement 3 1 2
Tense - - 1 - -
Group verb 1 1 - - -
Article - - 1 - -
Analogy 1 - - - -
Same words used as - 1 - - -
different parts od speech
G. Composition
Letter - - - 1 1

BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis (English Literature Step-01)

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BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis (English Literature Step-01)

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A Gateway to English Literature  S M Shamim Ahmed 1

BCS Preliminary Questions Analysis (English Literature Step-01)

➢ Peter picked a peck of pickled peppers.

 Elegy (‡kvKMv_v): (30Zg wewmGm )

Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i weL¨vZ GwjwR/‡kvKMv_v

 Oxymoron (we‡ivavj¼vi /wecixZvj¼vi)

Oxymoron I Paradox-Gi cv_©K¨t (Distinction between Oxymoron & Paradox)

A Comparative study between Bengali & English Literature

Homonymous writings and the writers (mgRvZxq MÖš’ I ‡jL‡Ki bvg )

20  Prometheus Bound E. B. Browning Poem

Periods of English Literature (Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i hyMwefvM )

‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jv:

A. The Elizabethan Period (1558-1603)

Francis Bacon (dªvwÝm †eKb ,1561-1626)

William Shakespeare (DBwjqvg †k·wcqi ,1564-1616)

William Shakespeare m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:

 Comedy -15wU  Historical Play -10 wU

William Shakespeare Gi Sonnet

➢ The Passionate Pilgrim ➢ Venus and Adonis Narrative Poem

➢ The Phoenix & the Turtle ➢ The Rape of Lucrece

GK bR‡i William Shakespeare Gi First, Last, Smallest & Largest Play:

 King Lear  A Midsummer Night’s  Henry IV, Part II

Quick Memory Tips

II. Measure for Measure

“To be or not to be that is the question” –Hamlet.

Shakespeare’s plays (Comedies)

A. The Restoration Period (cybtcÖwZôvi hyM ,1660-1700)

➢ Bsj¨v‡Û wkívqb (Industrialization) ïiæ|

Mammon → evB‡e‡ji g‡Z Zv‡K m¤ú‡`i cÖZxK ejv nq|

John Keats (Rb KxU&m ,1795-1821)

John Keats m¤ú‡K© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:

 Ode to a Nightingale (IW Uz bvBwUs‡Mj)

Quick Memory Tips:

Elizabeth Barrett Browning (GwjRv‡e_ e¨v‡iU eªvDwbs ,1806-1861)

Zvui weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg©:

g~j KweZv evsjv Abyev`

Quotations from Drama /Poetry of different ages

Make up my sum. (Avgvi fv‡jvevmv mywekvj| Pwjøk nvRvi fvB‡qi fv‡jvevmv

Ki‡j Avgvi fv‡jvevmvi mgvb n‡ebv|) – Hamlet

As You Like It ➢“All the world's a stage

G.B. Shaw George Bernard Shaw

BPSC Standard-15 Model Tests

10. Who is called the “Bard of Avon”?

1. Who is the author of ‘Animal Farm’?

11th BCS Preliminary Test

1. Who is the poet of the ‘Victorian Age’?

12th BCS Preliminary Test

13th BCS Preliminary Test

14th BCS Preliminary Test

1. ‘Paradise lost’ attempted to-

1. Which of the following ages in literary history is the latest?

William Blake Poet and painter Pre-Roamntic Age

16th BCS Preliminary Test

4. In which century was the Victorian Period?

17th BCS Preliminary Test

1. Browning was the composer of any of the followings poems-

27th BCS Preliminary Test

1. A person who writes about his own life writes-

29th BCS Preliminary Test

30th BCS Preliminary Test

1. A song embodying religious and sacred emotions.

31st BCS Preliminary Test

32nd BCS Preliminary Test