BRIEF PRESENTATION OF THE DIRECT CADT APPLICATIONS OF THE

MANOBO DULANGAN IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF KALAMANSIG, SULTAN

KUDARAT PROVINCE.

I.RIGHTS TO ANCESTRAL DOMAINS AND LANDS

The Indigenous Peoples specifically the Manobo Dulangan in the Municipality of

Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat Province through their Indigenous Political Structures and
Indigenous Peoples Mandatory Representatives have common stand to have their
Ancestral Domain be preserved, recognized, promoted and protected.

As a result of the unifying efforts of the elders and leaders, the concerned Local
Government Unit covering the Ancestral Domain were convinced that indeed the same
elders and leaders of the tribe have the capabilities to ensure genuine development on
their territories. With the joint efforts of the NCIP & LGU, they have provided the
necessary resources, security and other needed supports to formally recognize their
ownership over their land.

The NCIP en Banc approved their application and issued the Certificate of Ancestral
Domain Title to the Manobo Dulangan ICCs/IPs on June 17, 2009.

The Ancestral Domain of the Dulangan Manobo in the Municipality of Kalamansig

composed of two Barangays namely; Barangay Hinalaan and Limulan. Sitios within the
Ancestral Domain are; Hinalaan– SitioMagwawa, Dakel Kayo and Pongpongan 2/
Malayat; Limulan – sitiosPongpongan 1, Agsam and Samadiwhich comprises the total
area of Three thousand three hundred seventy seven.

It has a total land area of 3, 327.8275 with a total IP population of 1,051. The ADSDPP
formulation was started on CY 2015 and completed on CY 2017. It was also presented
and adopted by the concerned Local Government Unit.

The Ancestral Domain was overlapped with the tenurial instruments issued by the DAR
and DENR. IFMA of M and S Company and or SII is overlapped with the Ancestral
Domain of Manobo Dulangan.

However, no CNO and projection have been issued by the partner agencies despite of
series of request. Such is the reason for having us failed to register the CADT with the
Register of Deeds.

II. RIGHTS TO SELF-GOVERNANCE AND EMPOWERMENT

A. Indigenous political Structures (IPS)

SULTAN- The current political structure of the Manobo Dulangan is headed by a Sultan
who rules over the Datus within his area of jurisdiction and presides over their meetings
especially in their antang-antang (justice system). Antang-antang is convened to discuss
and resolve major unresolved issues and concerns within the community. The Sultan
then signs legal documents for and in behalf of the tribe. The Sultan must however be
acknowledged as such by an assembly of Datus to confirm the rank even if it is
heritable.

DATU- Datuship is also a heritable position and is strictly for males. In the absence of an
heir, the closest male relative shall be chosen to succeed. The Datu is the next highest
ranking official of the tribe. He assists the Sultan in community or tribal matters within his
area of jurisdiction. In the absence of the Sultan, he performs marriage, burial rites and
their consequent celebration. Within his area, he settles family and community problems
thru Antang-antang.

THE KAUNUTAN DATU (TRIBAL CHIEFTAIN) - The tribal Chieftain acts as the adviser
of the community and is equivalent to a Sitio Leader. He is generally chosen by the
resident Sultan and Datu with prior consultation with the members of a village. As such,
he represents the community to the Sultan or Datu.

RECENTLY FORMED LEADERS (Recent Political Structure) – assisted by NCIP &

KMDO/TRICOM – purposely for the distinction of functions/roles of the Elders and
Leaders to avoid conflict, duplication of roles and exploitation from other members.
TRIBAL ELDERS- They are the advisers of all leaders in all tribal communities of
Manobo Dulangan tribe. They also conduct consultation/meetings and mediate problems
of the tribe.

THE TRIBAL COUNCIL- The tribal council or Datu Kaumutan is composed of six (6)
members and is formed in every Sitio. Its members are chosen by the community who
will continue to perform their function and responsibilities for as long as they are
effective. Hence, they can be removed from the office of grounds of inefficiency and
ineffectivity.

The council, generally, has a representative from the woman sector (Booy) to take
charge to the affairs of the women on the ground that male members only take care of
men’s affairs.

BOOY- The Booy is the head of the women and represent them on tribal council
meetings. She is chosen by the tribal elders and the tribal council because of her ability
to lead the women sector.

KAUNUTAN MEDOO BATA- the Kaunutan Medoo Bata is the head of the youth sector
of the tribe. The tribal elders and the tribal council choose the representative from the
youth sector who possesses the ability to lead the youth sector.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM (Antang-antang)- As earlier stated, the Manobo Dulangan

Indigenous Cultural Community is generally peace loving, friendly, respectful, and loving
and communitarian people. With these traits, they hardly ever come into conflict with
others, even with Non-IPs in the area. In other communities, some infractions of ethical
behavior or normal relationships arise. The common infractions are coveting another
man’s wife, theft, cattle rustling, homicide, murder and land disputes. These infractions
or disputes are usually brought to the attention of the Sultan or Datu for resolution.

B. The following are the council of Elders/Leaders within the ancestral domain:

1. Datu Eddie Gugo

2. Datu Arnel Bote
 3. Datu Juan Ponencio
4. Datu Daniel Bote
5. Datu Jojo Apang
6. Dato Ito Capitan

C. The following are the clans within the ancestral domain:

1. Pungpungan Clan
2. Ombol Clan
3. Etew Clan
4. Sagpian Clan
5. Bote Clan

D. Baganis and Other Titles

They are still planning to establish Bagani. The Manobo Dulangan term for “ Bagani” is
called Agubalang.

The Agubalang are not considered as a class but they are the trusted relatives of the
Pig-ulokan Datu/Sultan or Datu and members of the community. Their primary tasks are
enforcement judgement and apprehension of serious offenders for presentation to the
Sultan or Datu for appropriate action.

E. The following are the list of IPMRs within ancestral domain:

Hon. Jumbo Ped and Hon. Vicente Ma are Barangay IPMRs of Limulan & Hinalaan
respectively.

F. Indigenous Peoples Organization (IPO).

Kulaman Manobo Dulangan Organization (KMDO)-SEC registered.

III. RIGHTS TO SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

A. Current Socio-Economic Status

Majority of the IP household income are below poverty line. It is a mere fact among the
Manobo Dulangan tribe of Hinalaan have focused on garden type of farming practice that
has resulted to extreme poverty due to the lack of farm capital to sustain agricultural related
activities.

With this condition is the lacking farm equipment's and working animals which has definitely
hinders many IP farmers to cultivate a wider agricultural area. It is noted that the potential
area for production is quite promising however, the resources of the tribe do not warrant the
maximum utilization of these agricultural land. Moreover, the absence of skills on livelihood
related enterprises has trigger and even increase the percentage of poverty incidence as a
result on productive time of majority for these in the labor age had been observed.
 B. IP Rights Advocacy and Monitoring of Treaty Obligation

Capability trainings conducted in coordination with the Provincial IPMR, Municipal IPMR,
concerned LGU other line agencies. The Barangay IPMRs and members of the Indigenous
Political Structures (IPS) were oriented, lectured and have work-shop on how to prepare
and implement projects, where to source out; on tribal governance, protection, preservation,
recognition and promotion of their rights as mandated by law; strengthening proper
coordination with the partner agencies; parliamentary procedures with practical exercises;
Insurgency and security; Land titling and cancellation and other alternatives that will help
the IP elders and leaders responsive to the call of time.

C. Conflict Affected Areas (War, IP to IP, IP to Non-IP, Disaster, specify)

There is land conflict between IP and non-IPs and or land speculators. Portions of the
ancestral domain were also affected by skirmishers between government forces and CPP-
NPA. Likewise, the existence of IFMA which covers portions of ancestral domain had
affected lives and livelihood of Manobo Dulangan as they were constantly harassed.
Several IP lives were loss and buried in an abnormal situations.

D. IPMR who are member of Local Legislative Council and Special Bodies (Health
Board, Local School Board, Peace and Order Council and Local Development
Council)

NCIP Sultan Kudarat Provincial Office is a member of the provincial Health Council of
Sultan Kudarat to include the Provincial IPMR. Even in the Municipal Peace and Order
Council, our Municipal IPMRs are not member however we are working on it because the
membership of IPMRs in that council is vital to the interest of the IP communities.

IV. RIGHTS TO BASIC SERVICES

A. Programs and projects in Ancestral Domains (Latest Accomplished and Ongoing)

There is no ongoing programs inside the ancestral domain this year.

B. ADSDPP-based programs, activities and projects

Traditional Coffee Production, amounting to P600, 000.00 funded by NCIP XII and provision
of toilet bowls from the concerned LGU.

C. Status of program implementation and beneficiaries of Educational Assistance

Program and Merit-Based Scholarship per Ancestral Domains.

The following are the list of grantees under IP Education Advocacy Program of NCIP
XII:
1. Billedo, Ma. Angela
2. Dewig, Coli
3. Buhatin, Jojean

D. Socio-Economic Development Projects Implemented (Updated List of Current and

ongoing)
 Traditional costume and beads making project amounting to P200, 000.00. Forty
(40) IP women & youth were provided with supplies and materials with component
training-NCIP Funded Project.

Distriution of rice, corn, rootcrops, peanuts to IP farmers by MCCI & LGU

E. Eco-Tourism and Agri-Tourism, Cultural-Tourism Spots (Updated List and Total)

There is no record on tourism areas within the ancestral domain.

VI. RIGHTS TO CULTURAL INTEGRITY

A. Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices/IPS/Customary Laws’

Practiced/Documented (e.g. Indigenous Learning System, Indigenous Health
System, Traditional Livelihood, Indigenous Agricultural Technologies/Farming
Systems/Natural Resource Management and Environmental Protection)

TRIBAL GATHERINGS (KOGOTKEM)

Tribal gatherings are common among Kulaman Manobo Dulangan during wakes,
weddings, planting and harvest seasons. On these occasions, they prepare different
kinds of indigenous delicacies. Their musical instruments, such as, agong, kubing,
faglong, and togo, makes the occasion merrier. Children, women and men dance to the
different tunes. The women wear brass bracelet locally known as ligti, saya, or skirt
(most often malong), long sleeved figure hugging V-neckline blouse called kawal,
colorful bead necklaces and singkil or anklets. Aside from dancing, one event that trilled
most by the tribe is horse fighting (pasiboteng kuda).

For parents, the occasion serves as the hunting ground for possible son or daughter-in-
law. It is one of the moments, wherein the parents could select the future groom or bride
of their children. Marriage arrangements sometimes begin here.

BELIEFS

The earliest known beliefs among the Manobo Dulangan were observed seriously by
every clan. When a wild dove (alimukon) chirp before one decides to travel, it is believed
to be a sign that something untoward event will occur along the way.

Sneezing by one who is planning to travel was considered also as bad omen. The
appearances of rainbow were also taken as bad sign.

The house must be vacated when a crow rest on a Monobo Dulangans’ roof for fear of
death of a member of the household.

When one falls from the floor while the house is under construction, the family must
leave for good, leaving the maturing crops behind.

When a hen eats its eggs, through it continues to lay more, the family vacates their
house permanently due to fear for the life and limb of their children.

LIVELIHOOD (kahagtayan/galbek)
Swidden farming or Elgabek in Manobo is the farming system employed by the Manobo
Dulangan Indigenous Cultural Communities. For fifteen (15) days, farming areas are left
open until felled trees dry up. The land preparation activities would normally take place
in the month of March. The appearance of the Orion’s belt in April signifies a good
month for planting, hence, this month is the usual planting season of the tribe.

As with other Indigenous People in various parts of Mindanao, the Manobo Dulangan
believe that before planting (Ighemula) is done, blood of a chicken or a pig should be
spilled within the farm area to ensure good harvest.

The traditional crops of the tribe are native corn, upland rice, banana fruit trees, camote
and few varieties of vegetables. After harvest, a new area is opened to allow the
farmer’s farming areas to rejuvenate. Other forms of forest livelihood are hunting for
games, gathering of rattan, wild fruits and betel nuts and herbal plants for medication.

Nowadays, the Manobo Dulangan gradually adopted the new technologies of farming
thru the technical assistance of the office of the Municipal Agriculturist of the Senator
Ninoy Aquino and NGOs (Tricom) to improve their farm output. Their current crops are
coffee, banana, rice, corn, sweet potatoes, peanuts and other root crops. Because of the
current demand of other industrial products, the claimants are now planting rubber
seedling thru the technical and financial assistance of the Department of Agriculture.

MUTUAL HELP AND DEFENSE

For the Manobo Dulangan tribe, mutual help and defense is achieved and concretized
through “Antang-Antang” which will be facilitated by the “Pig-ukolan/Datu/Sultan”. In
other words through “Antang” pacts, treaties and arrangements on mutual help and
defense are established and determined which locally termed and or called “Antang
Kesetabangay”.

CONSENSUS BUILDING AND DECISION MAKING PROCESS TOWARDS

COOPERATION, UNITY AND HARMONY

For the Manobo Dulangan, the Pig-ulokan/Datu/Sultan rules the entire community. He
acts as the Executive Officer and the ultimate arbiter of conflicts between and among his
constituents. At the community level, he is being represented by Datus or Kaunutan
Datus.
The Pig-ukolan/Datu/Sultan used to facilitate consultation to resolve highly complicated
disputes and community aspirations. The consultation or arbitration is termed as
“AntangpAntang” and the resolution or judgment is called as “Antang”.

B. Ethnographies of the Philippine IP Groups; Sub-Groups and Cultural Mappings.

Manobo Dulangan

C. IP Cultural Festivals and IP Sensitive Exhibits of IP Cultural Expressions Conducted

for Cultural Advocacy
 “Salagaan Festival” Institutionalized and celebrated every year.

D. Indigenous Peoples Mini-Museum and or Cultural Library established/maintained

There is no record on IP museum and or cultural library within the ancestral domain.

E. Programs/Projects supported related to Safeguarding and Preservation of IP

Cultures (e.g. Enhanced School of Living Traditions).

As of the moment no Programs/Projects supported related to Safeguarding and

Preservation of IP Cultures within the ancestral domain.

F. Activities conducted for the protection of Community Intellectual Rights.

IEC on IPRA, IKSP guidelines and other NCIP issuances conducted within the
ancestral domain.

G. Cultural Sensitivity orientation/training workshops conducted.

The same is done as earlier narrated or explained under item number F.

VI. STAKEHOLDER PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS

A. Updated list of Current Beneficiaries of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

(4Ps) or Modified Conditional Cash Transfer (MCCT); Sustainable Livelihood
Programs (SLP) and other programs of the Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD).

The office is still in the process of identifying the current beneficiaries of the 4Ps,
MCCT, SLP, 4Ks and other programs of the government.

B. Updated list of Current Beneficiary of Kabuhayan at Kaunlaran ng Kababayang

Katutubo programs (4Ks) (DA).

This is going to be updated and additional information shall be submitted in due time.

C. National Greening Programs, Community-Based Programs and Bio-Diversity (e.g.

Indigenous Community Conserved Areas)-DENR.

We have the National Greening Program or NGP being implemented by DENR

under Executive Order No. 26, series of 2011 as amended. The project has been
implemented in various Barangays of Senator Ninoy Aquino.

D. Non-Government Organizations Operating within Ancestral Domains including

Programs and Projects.

TRICOM- Implemented some projects like Coffee and Native trees species.
 PAFID- who have assisted the IP communities in the processing of the Ancestral
Domain.

E. IP Housing Programs (NHA/HUCC).

100 units housing project were constructed and awarded to Manobo Dulangan tribe
in Kalamansig by the National Housing Authority (NHA) in coordination with NCIP
and the concerned Local Government Unit.

F. IP Cooperative recognized or registered with the Cooperative Development Authority

(CDA).

As of to date no IP Cooperative has been established and operating. However, such

is being planned in the next round of continuing engagement with the IP
communities.

G. IP TESDA Scholarship Grantees and programs (TESDA).

As of to date there is no data recorded in the office.

H. PAMANA Program/Site (OPAPP)

As of to date there is no data recorded in the office.

I. Program of Department of Agrarian Reform which affected the Ancestral Domains of

the tribe.

The massive issuance of Certificate of Land Ownership Award (CLOA) within the
ancestral domain. This program has never been coordinated to NCIP nor to the IP
leaders in areas.

J. List of Development Partners and Status of Programs in Ancestral Domains from

(UNDP, EU, GIZ, World Bank, FAO, ADB, UNFPA, UNICEF, ILO) and others.

We have the MPDP and PPDP both programs (World Bank); Kalahi (ADB and World
Bank and Health (UNFRA).

VII. VIOLATIONS ON IPRA

A. Unauthorized and or illegal dispositions of Ancestral Domains by ICCs/IP members

or themselves and other.

1. The massive selling and mortgaging of lands within ancestral domains is a

continuing act of IP members which is in violation to the provisions of IPRA. This
is really happening inside the ancestral domain due to economic pressure and
lingering poverty.

2. The illegal entry of non-IPs.

 3. The massive processing and issuances of Certificate of Land Ownership Award
(CLOA) by the DAR without clearance and or coordination with NCIP and much
more to the leaders of the IP communities or beneficiaries of Ancestral Domains.

4. The illegal use of the provisions of IPRA, Section 12 by the DENR in which
thousands of hectares within ancestral domains were processed and issued with
tenurial instruments. This act has never been coordinated to NCIP by the DENR.

B. FPIC Violations (No FPIC Conducted, Non-Compliance of MOAs).

1. The merging of IFMA by the M and S Company Incorporated or SII which

affected the Municipalities of Kalamansig, Lebak, Senator Ninoy Aquino,
Esperanza and Bagumbayan, all in the Province of Sultan Kudarat.

2. The renewal of IFMA of M and S Company Incorporated and or SII did never
undergone FPIC process.

C. Not Recognizing IPMR by the Local Government Unit.

So far no records shows about IPMRs being not respected by the concerned LGU
within the AD.

D. Section 72 of the IPRA

E. Generally, violation of any of the Provisions of the IPRA.

1. Section XII of R.A. No. 8371. The processing and issuance of Tenurial
Instruments of land within Ancestral Domains using Section 12 of IPRA as their
basis by the DENR and DAR. Such act however, did not pass through legal
process as NCIP has never been informed nor the consent of the AD
beneficiaries was secured.

2. Massive issuance of Certificate of Land Ownership (CLOA) by DAR of lands

within ancestral domains as mentioned or narrated earlier.

F. Equal Protection and Non-Discrimination of ICCs/IPs (Section 21).

There is truth about this issue. In many cases or instances, IP members were
neglected and left behind that caused demoralization.

G. Equal Protection and Non-Discrimination of ICCs/IPs (Section 21).

There is truth about this issue. In many cases or instances, IP members were
neglected and left behind that caused demoralization.

H. Unlawful acts pertaining to employment (Section 24).

Yes, definitely there was. When an applicant is known to be an IP member, he or

she cannot be accommodated for obvious reasons. And among those glaring reality
 is the most talked of the town the “ALLEGED SCAM ON THE ISSUANCE OF COC
TO NON-IPs” if one is an applicant who did not met the requirements specifically the
“Height and Age” that must be investigated in fairness to the IP members.

I. Rights to religious, Cultural Sites and Ceremonies.

There was an instance that tribal festivals where supposed to be managed in

accordance with the customary laws of the tribe is being violated by some Local
Officials. Sometimes IP elders and leaders were dictated what to do or to present
during the entire ceremonies or celebrations. Instead of traditional games, traditional
features it came out to be mixtures of views or shows.

Among those reality was the “Horse Fighting” which is a traditional practice of the
tribes during festivals. This is being commercialized and or business ventures in
which politicians and several games enthusiasts were manipulating the horse
fighting.

J. Nearest NCIP Office in the ADs.

The nearest NCIP office of the ancestral domain is the NCIP KULAMAN Service
Center, located in the Municipality of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.

K. Electronically Connected Ads (ICT).

The Office has ICT equipment's, however proper maintenance is the most common
concern. There is also a need to upgrade these equipment's.

Prepared By: MS MELODIA JOY L. FLAUTA

CDO III-Kulaman Community Service Center
Kulaman, Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat

ENGR. JESUS MATIAS, CE, GE

Engineer II-AD-In-Charge

ENGR. JESSIEREY A. LUMOSAD

Development Management Officer II

Noted By: TIMUEY MACAPANTAO R. MANAMBA

Provincial Officer