Liceo De San Pablo

THE USE OF E-BIKE AS AN EXCHANGE FOR MODERN

BICYCLES AND IMPROVEMENT OF OF E-BIKE

BY ALTERING AND MODIFYING

ITS ORIGINAL FORM

A Semi-Research Paper presented to the Faculty of Academics

of the Grade 11 Department

Liceo De San Pablo

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Collaborative Performance Task

By:

Ante, Julius Nathaniel G.

Bulaklak, John Lorence D.

Catipon, Joshua Raphael B.

Magracia, Ceejay L.

Matanguihan, Marco Antonio M.

Prado, John Carlo O.

Ruazol, Venz Sidney B.

Bati, Jasione S.

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INTRODUCTION

The bicycle has evolved from being a dated form of recreation to a cleaner mode of

transportation and a small, lightweight tool for personal mobility. Electrical bicycles will be

employed in large cities all over the world as the foundation for individual public transportation in

this way. The goal of this publication is to identify the major trends in the area by observing how

research on the electric bicycle is progressing globally and, in particular, around which scientific

domains it is clustering. This study was conducted using the Scopes database, which included

an analysis of all publications up to the year 2017 on the subject of electric bicycles. As a result,

analysis of this topic's global research trends was done.

The way it has changed over time indicates that after 2008, the number of publications

has grown significantly more than it did earlier. China and the United States are the primary

nations, and it can be deduced that these two major trending nations have a high level of

environmental awareness, a sizable population, and that the electric bicycle is a viable and

sustainable mode of transportation. Engineering is the most active in research among the major

branches of science. According to a keyword analysis, the main theme is electricity, followed by

batteries and motors. The six major clusters of this research were identified using a community

detection technique, and they were mostly focused on the following areas: transportation-

environment, electrical engineering, safety, batteries, sporting goods-urban planning, and

mechanical engineering.

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This article demonstrates the growing interest in electric bicycles as a form of

sustainable urban transportation that will aid in energy conservation and the development of

renewable energy sources. A form of electric vehicle called an electric bicycle is a standard

bicycle with an electric motor attached to help it move forward. It is an urban, environmentally

friendly form of transportation, and a battery provides its power. Electric bicycles started to

become more prevalent in the 20th century as a result of its affordability, ease of use, and

environmental benefits, especially in densely populated nations like China. It is sufficient to note

that over 31 million e-bikes were sold in 2012 to draw attention to this fact. An electric bicycle

has several benefits, primarily financial and environmental.

Among the financial benefits, we can note that an electric bicycle's total cost per

kilometer (including energy, purchasing, and maintenance) is less than 0.7 cents, as opposed to

$0.031/km for a gasoline scooter or $0.62/km for a car. Electric bicycle batteries can be

recharged by plugging them in or by pedaling in certain gears. Additionally, a normal electric

bicycle has a range of 35 to 50 km and can travel at a speed of around 20 km/h. The battery

needs to be charged for 6-8 hours. (depending on rider weight). This indicates that it would be

sufficient to travel to work, visit friends, and return on a single battery charge.

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WHAT IS AN E-BIKE

An electric bike, sometimes known as an e bike, is a bicycle with an electric bike engine

to help the user's pedal. A installed rechargeable battery on the bike will provide power for the

motor. The engine must assist the user rather than independently propel the user for an e bike

to be considered such. The user must thus pedal to receive that aid. Depending on how hard

the user are pedaling and the level of support the user have chosen, the motor's output is

controlled.

With the many modes offered by electric bike systems, The user may balance the

amount of power delivered through the pedals with range and battery life. An electric bike will

often have a motor located either on the front or rear hub, or in the middle of the bike

(commonly referred to as a mid-drive motor, powered through the cranks). A motor installed on

the axle of the e-bike will move the wheel through the chain and gears as opposed to a motor

mounted on the hub, which moves the wheel directly. When the user press the pedal, a torque

sensor gauges the user exertion and compares it to the motor's power output. It is intended that

the motor won't assume entire control; rather, the user should experience steady power delivery

that prevents the bike from lurching forward.

As a result, pedaling an electric bike still requires effort, which is one of its numerous

advantages. It is definitely feasible to use an electric bike for exercise. The battery, which may

be housed inside the frame or attached on the outside, provides power. While some batteries

can be removed for charging, others must be charged while the bike is in motion. If so, the user

must have a place to store the bike close to a power outlet.

The user may choose how much assistance the user want and monitor the battery level

using a controller for the motor, which is often positioned on the handlebar or built into the

frame.

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HOW TO USE AN E-BIKE

In many ways, electric bikes and traditional bicycles are extremely similar. There are two

wheels, a handlebar, a seat, a chain, and two pedals on both conventional and electric bikes.

And one needs to pedal to move both a traditional and an electric bike. The researcher shall

discuss that pedaling isn't always necessary with electric bikes. Electric bikes are an

advancement of traditional bikes that are propelled by mounting an electric motor to the frame of

the bike.

Since the early 1990s, this trend has been growing quickly, and some people believe

that e-bikes and other electrically propelled vehicles may transform transportation. The electric

component of an electric bike supplements human power; it does not entirely replace it. Riders

on e-bikes can go farther without feeling as weary because of how easily hills and headwinds

can be overcome.

There are two different types of electric bikes. Pedelecs, often known as pedal or

electric-assisted bicycles, are the first and most popular form. This is exactly how electric power

assists the user’s bike ride, and it is the fundamental idea of electric-assisted bicycles. Electric

power is only activated when you pedal on a bicycle with electrical assistance.

Throttle-activated electric bicycles are the second variety. Mopeds or scooters are

comparable to throttle models. This indicates that you can move forward with these devices

without having to pedal. Similar to an electric moped, a throttle-activated e-bike operates by

turning on the throttle before taking off. The users don't have to peddle your throttle e-bike in

order to get some workout.

Electric bikes differ from traditional bikes in three key ways that set them out as a distinct

category. Battery. An electric bike's battery stores electricity to power an electric motor that aids

in propelling both you and your bike ahead, just like any other battery. Batteries for e-bikes can

be recharged. The user may simply charge it before your next ride to bring this power along.

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Motor. The electric motor transforms the electrical energy from the battery into moving

momentum. On models with electrical assistance, your pedaling actions start the electric motor.

On throttle models, the user turn a throttle to switch on the motors.

The power supply. The user’s electric bike's engine, battery, and wheels are all

connected by a drivetrain, also known as a power system. It supplies the strength and turning

torque required to turn the bicycle's wheels. Most power systems also let riders change gears,

which can make pedaling easier or tougher.

One system is made up of the bike's wheels, battery, motor, and power system. Given

that the battery is charged, when you turn on the engine by pedaling or using the throttle, the

wheels begin to turn and the bike begins to move ahead. On bikes with electrical assistance

(pedelecs), you must maintain pedaling to keep the motor running. Your electric bike will stop

after a short distance due to some collected inertia after you stop pedaling or shut off the

throttle. If you are riding up a hill, for instance, it will abruptly stop.

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ENHANCED E-BIKE MODEL

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WHY DO WE PROPOSE THIS E-BIKE

The researchers want to develop the documentation for the design and construction of a

low-cost, simple-to-make electric vehicle through the researcher’s project. Converting an old

bicycle to an electric bike driven by solar energy would be among the simplest methods to get

started. Prior to becoming an electric bike, the bicycle would first be transformed. Afterward, it

would be made solar-powered depending on how much time was left. A charger port that is

located to the user’s house to be included to make the user experience more accessible for

charging, from a thermal standpoint for regions with hot climates, such as the Philippines this

project would be beneficial for students and workers. For pedal power battery charging, the

motor can alternatively be configured to function as a generator.

The Smartphone attachment on the bike may also have sensor information for things like

speed, temperature, and other things. E-bikes have showed a lot of potential as a reliable and

sustainable mode of transportation. They are not only reasonably priced, but also conveniently

portable. Electric bikes are far more space-efficient, transportable, and simple to store.

However, the largest benefit of electric bikes is that they allow the user to drastically cut their

usage of fossil fuels. They can reduce their overall carbon footprint and greenhouse gas

emissions by purchasing an e-bike.

Therefore, the user doesn't have to wait for hours for their bike to be fully charged. They

can get quicker charging speeds since battery technology is advancing quickly. An additional

advantage of an e-bike is that it charges if the rider pedals on flat terrain rather than using the

throttle.

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STATISTICS

0.0067 cubic meters= 2.3USD per kg of aluminum a cubic meter of aluminum has roughly

2,710kg

41USD the body of the bike costs 149.33USD

0.0067 cubic meters aluminum costs

2228.9USD per metric ton 2,600 kilograms per cubic meter

a metric ton is 1,000 kg= 857.27USD

The cost will be:

23,509.626 Pesos for the body of the bike

6,025.67 Pesos for an e bike motor

That will sum up for 29,534 Pesos per E-bike

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

There are 6 points that the researchers’ wants to discuss about that will help the

production of such E-bikes.

Powered bicycling

The user can travel further and more quickly on an electric bicycle than they could on a

regular bicycle. Even though the majority of models resemble regular bicycles, e-bikes have a

motor and battery. This will make it simpler for user to drive up hills, go further before getting

fatigued, keep up with traffic, and even tow a small trailer. Like many electronic products,

electric bicycles provide cutting-edge technology that makes transportation easier. These bikes

are a component of the fast-moving transportation of the future. One of the many benefits of

electric bikes is that they provide a green form of transportation.

With the help of assisted pedaling and battery power, commuting has never been

simpler. City commuters favor these bikes because of their battery power and pedal assistance.

To get where they are going, the users don't have to use all of the user’s energy. These e-bikes

are easy to use and suitable for all riders when traveling over rough terrain, up and down hills,

or on paved surface

-Environmentally Friendly

E-bikes produce less pollution per mile than cars and motorcycles do. An electric bicycle

has advantages over a car or a truck. Compared to a car's approximately 15,000 watts of

energy consumption, they use energy on average at a rate of 100 to 150 watts. Using electric

bikes to travel around town is a sustainable option.

E-bikes are a practical option for commuters because they are significantly more ecologically

friendly than conventional modes of transportation.

Since they make less noise when in use, electric bikes also benefit the environment by

reducing noise pollution. Using an e-bike can reduce carbon emissions by as much as 500

pounds annually. Overall, this has a big impact on lowering global warming. Additionally, it

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lessens air contaminants that contribute to smog and other forms of air pollution, both of which

are serious problems in urban areas. These bikes have very small carbon footprints and emit no

harmful gases into the environment or burn fossil fuels that lie deep within the Earth. E-bikes

can help the environment by enhancing air quality. They also inflict less damage to roadways

than conventional cars do because of their little weight.

-Provide Healthy Benefit

Riding an electric bike, whether for commuting or just for recreation, can improve the

user’s cardiovascular and cognitive abilities and help the users keep a healthy weight. One of

several exercises that takes the users outside, increases heart rate, and has many beneficial

effects on the user’s health is cycling. Experts regularly tell us that a common benefit of light

exercise is improved general health. But one of the main benefits is improved cardiovascular

health. The user’s body eventually adapts to the motion by creating more red blood cells to

carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to the muscles and lungs when the user regularly ride an e-

bike and engage in moderate exercise. Additionally, it improved immune system function,

muscle tone, metabolism, and both mental and physical wellness.

-E-bikes are expensive

In addition to having additional pieces like an e-bike motor and battery, e-bikes are more

expensive than traditional bikes since each component is designed to give the highest output

while leveraging both human and battery power to provide the best riding experience. The price

is still another drawback. Because the motor frequently needs to be customized and fitted

specifically, both the labor cost and the cost of the parts are increased. These costs are borne

by the buyer. The price difference between an e-bike and a traditional bicycle is largely due to

the battery. E-bikes are more expensive than regular bikes, but the user can travel further on

them.

-Massive weight

All e-bike users will agree that they are often heavier than traditional bikes. This trait,

which is typical of lead-acid battery-powered bikes, affects both speed and the bike's ability to

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handle more challenging roads and terrain. If the electric bike is unable to accelerate, this could

be a significant problem. This is undoubtedly another major problem, and several Manufacturers

are unrelentingly addressing it. The introduction of lightweight lithium-ion batteries was one of

the first steps taken by business. The majority of e-bike bodies are gradually being built with

tougher, lighter materials. Additionally, they are harder to store and less pleasant to carry. They

are also heavier than regular motorcycles, thus the user might not be able to carry a heavy

passenger.

-High costs for repairs and maintenance

The notion that maintaining and repairing electric bikes is expensive is based on a

number of potential events that could affect how well the user e-bike works. The user will surely

need to have these aspects fixed in order to use the user e-bike to its full potential, from

damaged LCD screens and other electronic components to worn-out motor sensors that require

replacement. The potential difficulty in finding a mechanic for the user e-bike should one of its

components fail is another disadvantage to be aware of. If the model is obscure, the user might

have to look online or in the user neighborhood to find a qualified repairman or shop.

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TIPS ON RIDING A CARGO BIKE

We all love to ride, especially our bikes. But as much as we love the feel of the wind in

our hair and our freedom to gaze at nature, we still need to be safe while doing it. That's why it's

so important to ride safely on all bike paths, roads and anywhere else there are other people

and vehicles around. Here are five safety tips when the user is riding an e bike.

Wear Appropriate Gear

When riding an electric bike, it is critical to wear the proper gear to avoid injury. Safety

equipment is essential for making the user e-bike rides enjoyable and relaxing. After all, no one

wants to go on a ride that ends in cuts or broken bones. This is why it is important to have all of

the necessary safety equipment for each ride, but keep in mind that the most important piece of

safety equipment is the user. Always ride cautiously and make sound decisions, especially

when passing cars and pedestrians.

Avoid Distractions

If the user is riding an e-bike, the user must follow certain rules while riding. Avoid

distractions such as talking on the user phone, eating, drinking, or smoking. Stay alert by

looking behind the user and checking the user surroundings. Ride slowly and carefully. When

riding an e bike avoid the temptation to focus on other things while riding. This is especially

important for new riders, and it's a temptation that many people struggle to resist. It's important

to remember that many bicycle accidents start this way. If the user not used to riding an e-bike,

the user probably shouldn't focus on other things like music. When the user riding, the user

should focus all the user attention on staying safe. That means not allowing the user attention to

waver between different activities.

Stay Alert At All Times.

Use the user eyes and ears. Watch out for potholes, cracks, wet leaves, storm grates,

railroad tracks, or anything that could make the user lose control of the user bike. the user need

the user ears to hear traffic and avoid dangerous situations don't wear a headset when the user

ride.

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Make Sure People Can See The User

Whether the user ride an e-bike or any other type of bicycle, the user should always

wear clothing that makes it easy for motorists, other bicyclists, and pedestrians to see the user.

Wear light, bright, and reflective clothing that will make the user visible both during the day and

after dark. Additionally, it's a good idea to equip the user bike with lights and bells to alert

pedestrians.

Be Cool And Patient

It is very important to stay as calm as possible while driving, especially when navigating

through busy and congested roads. Impatience and anger will not help the user get to the user

destination faster, nor will they change the current road conditions. The best thing the user can

do to make the situation more stable is to stay calm and patient. Furthermore, staying calm and

patient allows the user to avoid any conflicts with other drivers. It also allows the user to practice

being courteous to other drivers, which can help the user avoid car accidents and the need for

the police or traffic enforcers to intervene.

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