The Impact of Absenteeism on Class Performance of Grade 12 General

Academic Strand Students at Arellano University Andres Bonifacio

Campus

A Partial Fulfillment in
Practical Research II

Submitted to:
Ms. Nikki Quilon

By:
Baccay, Ma. Jhiechelle
Concio, Joaquin
Egipto, Stephanie
Escote, Kurt
Nartates, Axl
Orillo, Mae
Ponong, Jonas
Ruiz, Jhonyca
Gutierrez, Ian
Toribio, Nicole
 CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

Numerous studies in the past have established a relationship between student

academic progress and absences from school (e.g., Aucejo & Romano, 2016; Gottfried, 2010,

2011; Gottfried & Kirksey, 2017, Kirksey, 2019, Morrissey et al., 2014). Ansari & Gottfried,

2021; Gottfried & Ansari, 2021, for example, found that early kindergarten absence rates are

associated with lower working memory and cognitive flexibility scores in early childhood as

well as lower literacy and grade point average scores at age 15 (Ansari & Pianta, 2019). In

addition, elementary and high school absences were linked to lower high school grades, high

school completion, and 4-year college graduation (Smerillo et al., 2018). In general, missing

students miss out on teacher-led sessions, peer interactions, and other opportunities that

might improve their learning and development (Kirksey, 2019; Morrissey et al., 2014), which

could have a negative impact on student accomplishment.

Although being away from school can occur for a number of reasons, such as absenteeism

illness, or vacations with family. There is a lack of research addressing the extent to which

relationships between absenteeism and accomplishment change by these individual reasons, even

though these particular reasons for absence from school can be differentially connected with children'

academic ability (Hancock et al., 2018). The majority of previous studies looking at the relationship

between school absences and academic success have concentrated on absences from school as a

whole during the course of the academic year (Ansari & Pianta, 2019; Aucejo & Romano, 2016;

Gottfried, 2010, 2011; Kirksey, 2019; Morrissey et al., 2014; Smerillo et al., 2018). Where studies
have looked at particular causes, truancy has typically been a focus (Bosworth, 1994; Buscha &

Conte, 2014), with evidence pointing to a detrimental link with academic success.

The study focuses at the effects of being absent in order to learn more about its causes,

origins, and effects, which may or may not have been observed by each person. This research will

also provide information that will enable the readers to view absenteeism from a wider perspective.

This study intended to offer viable solutions to the issue of student absenteeism that affects

Arellano University – Andres Bonifacio Campus by attempting to identify the risk factors for student

absence, seeking explanations for the reasons behind excessive student absenteeism.

This research aims to know the Causes and Effects of Absenteeism on the Academic

Performance of Grade 12 General Academic Strand Students at Arellano University Andres

Bonifacio Campus: To know how or why students commit absenteeism.

Background of the Study

Absenteeism is the term used to describe a general inclination to participate in such reluctance.

According to Teasley (2004), student absenteeism, which is defined as a period of time during which

a student does not attend class, has become a significant and ongoing issue among high school

students in many nations. Many research have been done in order to determine why high school

pupils miss class. In support of this idea, Teasley has identified a number of risk factors, including

family health, low poverty, an unfavorable school atmosphere, drug and alcohol usage, transportation

issues, and community views about education. School absenteeism was linked to internalizing and

externalizing behavior, family work and health, and school environment, according to research by
Ingul, Klöckner, Silverman, and Nordahl (2012). Henry (2007) found that parents' educational

backgrounds influence their children's absence from school in another research. an association

between absenteeism of student and unfavorable school setting conditions. In addition, some

researches argued that students’ attitude and motivation for learning was a key factor in student

absenteeism (Devadoss & Foltz, 1996; Gump, 2006; Gökyer, 2012; Kottasz, 2005; Marburger, 2001;

Paisey & Paisey, 2004). For example, Kottasz (2005) found that Less motivated students miss more

school than highly motivated students do. s , Because of absenteeism has a complicated character, the

implications of high level school absence might be bad for pupils. On the other terms, the absence

among high school students might lead to more bad effect such as low academic performance and

numerous social difficulties. In regarding relationship between student absenteeism and academic

achievement, Epstein and Sheldon (2002) stated that student with absenteeism miss opportunities to

learn the material that enables them to succeed later in school and fall behind their classmates in

academic achievement. Therefore, this study is intended to investigate both the causes and impacts of

truancy on academic performance among grade 12 students under the General Academic Strand at

Arellano University – Andres Bonifacio Campus.

Setting of the Study

 Figure1. Arellano University – Andres Bonifacio Campus, Pag-asa St., Caniogan Pasig City

            The Researchers decided to conduct research on selected students on grade 12 General

Academic Strand section 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 at Arellano University Pasig Andres  Bonifacio Campus to

further investigate the Causes and Effects of absenteeism to the Academic Performance of Grade 12

selected  Students.The study will take place at the Arellano University Andres Bonifacio Campus

under the supervision of Ms. Nikki Quilon, Research Project Professor.

Arellano University is formed by five academic clusters that cater to undergraduates and

postgraduates. Two clusters, the Allied Medical Services and the College of Business and

Technology, are formed by one or more colleges, schools, or an institute. Arellano also has its own

elementary and high schools. All academic programs are offered across its six campuses and was

established as a law school by Florentino Cayco Sr. in 1938. The school's name, Arellano Law

College, honors Cayetano Arellano, the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

The newly established institution provides a regular four-year legal education and was one of the

most well-known organizations at the time, providing services to many notable figures in the legal

and public service fields. It was given a new name the Arellano Colleges and reopened in April

1945.It has increased the range of courses it offers in business, foreign service, arts, and sciences.

The school's first president was Florentino Cayco Sr., who assumed that position in 1946. Because to

his efforts, the school received university status on February 22, 1947, from the Department of

Education, Culture, and Sports, and was called Arellano University.

Theoretical Framework
 The faucet theory implies that learners develop their skills via regular exposure to

academics and that they cease making educational advances once the exposure is

discontinued. As a result, kids who attend school for fewer hours per week experience

learning disadvantages, acquire poorer grades, perform worse on examinations, and are more

likely to leave school early after completing their mandatory education (Morrissey et al.,

2014). Empirical research (Bodovski & Farkas, 2007; Fitzpatrick et al., 2011; Heatly et al.,

2015; Marcotte & Hemelt, 2008) that indicate that greater time spent on teaching in the

classroom is related with better academic attainment provide evidence in support of this

claim. According to Korpershoek et al. (2020), students who are regularly absent from

school may also feel less included in their class and find it difficult to participate in class

activities and interactions with classmates and instructors. This hinders their ability to learn.

While social relationships, directed learning and teaching, and missing out on school are

essential for understanding the negative correlations between school absenteeism and

academic success, it's also vital to take into account the reasons why children leave class. It

may be possible to determine whether other processes are at work in explaining these

unfavorable connections by looking into particular absenteeism causes. Different causes for

absence may be more or less related with academic accomplishment depending on how they

relate to other underlying processes connected to learning outcomes and offer further

insights into potential mediation pathways of this relationship. For instance, because to its

connections to student-teacher interactions, truancy may have a detrimental impact on kids'

academic progress. Evidence suggests that teachers have a negative perception of their

students' externalizing issues, which leads to more student-teacher conflict and less intimacy

between the two groups of people (Roorda & Koomen, 2021).

 In addition, teachers express more annoyance and dissatisfaction toward truant pupils

(Wilson et al., 2008). Teachers could be less eager to assist pupils who skip class due to

truancy so that they can make up lost learning as a result. In addition, absentee students may

receive less support for their academic work and feel more alienated from their peers,

professors, and institutions (Finn, 1989; Wilson et al., 2008). This study is supported by the

theory of the Grade 12 students at Arellano University- Andres Bonifacio Campus, which

holds that most students are absent from class for unrelated reasons, is supported by this

research. The student's performance will suffer as a result of their absence from class, which

may be caused by some of them working while in school and finding it difficult to balance

employment and research. A tough scenario for classroom staff, especially instructors, arises

when a student skips class without an excuse. Some students find it difficult to notify their

subject educators of their absence and lack of time to explain their absence to them.

Conceptual Framework

PROCESS
INPUT
Random sampling of Data OUTPUT
Profile of the
Collection Effects of Absenteeism in
Students in Terms of: Administration of questionnaire
1 Age: School Performance of Grade
Organizing and student
2 Strand & Section: responses
12
3 Sex: Statistical Analysis of data
The conceptual framework demonstrates how to determine how grade 12 students' academic

performance is affected by absence. Just a subset of Grade 12 GAS Senior High School students

would be surveyed by the researchers. Students would get a series of survey questionnaires

containing some of their personal data, such as their age and gender, in order to provide feedback. As

part of the procedure, it would also involve data analysis, weighted mean statistical treatment, verbal

interpretation, and random sampling. The effects of absenteeism on the class performance of senior

high school students in the general academic strand will be examined by the researchers in the last

part.

Statement of the Problem

This research aims to address the following issues in order to examine the impact of absenteeism on

the class performance of grade 12 students at the Arellano University- Andres Bonifacio Campus

In prior, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What are the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Age
b. Gender.

2. How does Absenteeism impacts the students class performance?

3. Is there an impact between absenteeism and class performance?

Assumption
 The outcome of this study is the statement and personal experience about the cause and effect

of absenteeism on the academic performance of Grade 12 General Academic Strand Students.

Based on the question above the researchers have assumed the following:

1. The research study is based on the assumption that the respondents to the questionnaires will
be truthful, resulting in data that will be reliable and valid for correlation.
2. The research study will result in a conclusion that will lay the theoretical groundwork for the
inquiries, and it is also believed to be temporally relevant for the responders.

3. The causes of truancy and its effects on students' academic performance could be investigated
by the researchers.

4. Additionally, students, educators, researchers, and each of them can use the facts provided by
the researcher article because it uses trustworthy responses.

5. The researchers will be able to describe the factors that influence the respondents' students'
tardiness.

Hypothesis

The following hypothesis were formulated:

Alternative Hypothesis: There is a significant impact between absenteeism and class

performance of the students

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant impact between absenteeism and class performance of the
students
Significance of the study

The researchers hope and believe that this study is very important because of the possible

solution, and it can be a knowledge base for Arellano University

students.

Students. This research is important for the students to awaken their minds that they should avoid

being a truant skipping school affects their academic performance and behavior.

Teachers. This study seeks to provide teachers a better understanding of the various potential

causes of absenteeism among learners.

School Officials. The study aims to help school officials understand the causes and effects of

Absenteeism and will help them have a better and more effective school administration.

Parents. The research aims to help parents have better insight into how or why their children take
part in truancy.

Researchers. The study will also serve as a reference and related literature for

other researchers that will take the same research path.

Community. This study will serve as a guide for children to prevent absenteeism at a young age

so that students in one community can participate in any extracurricular activities inside and

outside of school so that the baranggay officials will focus more on any activities in one particular

community and less on the reason why most students commit absenteeism.
Scope and Delimitation

This study will be conducted the Andres Bonifacio Campus of Arellano University to

determine the causes and effects of absenteeism on students' academic performance and

future professional prospects. In addition to asking 50 students from all the section of the

general academic strand to reply to questions on the issue, the researcher will also collect

information from all the instructors at a given school. Findings and observations will be

based on the replies of the selected population and will be directed at the research's overall

goals.

Only the students enrolled in Arellano University Andres Bonifacio Campus School

SY 2022-2023 are chosen to participate to evaluate their ideas and feelings towards the study.

This study could or might not have an impact on certain students from outside the department

or the specified location.

Definition of terms

The following description of terminology will make the statement explaining

the fundamental component clearer and help everyone comprehend key ideas.

Absenteeism- this term refers to a habit of staying away from school without providing a genuine
reason for not attending the classes.

GAS- General Academic Strand is a Senior High School strand that takes on a generalist approach
in preparing students for college.

Procrastination:The act of delaying or postponing

Strand: domains that group the related general and specific learning outcomes or achievement
aims and objectives within a particular learning area or
 discipline.

Students Absenteeism- the term that will be used throughout this dissertation to encompass all
the student absence both excused and unexcused.

Student Achievement- the amount of content a student is able to learn and master in a set time,
often measured each year of formal schooling.

Truancy: the action of staying away from school without good reason.

Truant: a student who stays away from school without leave or explanation

REPORT OF MEMBERS TASK

GROUP NO. 3
Nartates, Axl - Introduction, Significance of the Study, Limitation

Orillo, Mae T. - Background of the Study, Setting of the Study, Definition of Terms,

Concio, Joaquin- Theoretical Framework

Baccay, Ma Jhiechelle- Conceptual Framework

Lacsa, DanWell John- Statement of the Problem

Ponong, Jonas- Hypothesis 

Escote, Kurt- No participation 

Gutierrez, Ian- No participation 

Ruiz, Jhonyca- No participation 

Toribio, Nicole- No participation 

Egipto, Stephanie- No participation