Name: Daniel C. Paclibar Jr.

Program: Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Section number: GE15 (3429)
Subject: Environmental Science
Date of Submission: 9/16/2021

1. Do you agree or disagree with the statement above? Why or why not?

- I openly support this statement because, when taken in an adequate amount or

label, all the excess substances are good for the body, even the most useful
substances for survival, like oxygen and water, when taken excessively it
becomes harmful, and when used in small quantities, the harmful substances or
chemicals are not toxic. The toxicity of a certain drug relies on several aspects, such
as the amount of the material, the exposure and the duration of exposure to a person.

2. Why does the dose determine if a substance is a poison or a remedy?

- Dose is the most essential aspect in poisoning and remedying a material; if we eat,
drink, or take too much of a substance, any substance may be hazardous. If they are
taken in excessive amounts even substances naturally contained in our food and
drinks will be harmful.

Example is vitamin D, a key nutrient that contributes to a good health if the necessary
doses are ingested. However, vitamin D is also a very poisonous chemicals, which
may cause significant health problems, such as kidney stones, blood pressure,
sordidness, and even death, if taken too much.

3. What is a toxic substance?

- Toxic substances are chemicals that are poisonous to living beings and are also
known as toxins as manufactured and natural toxic. By interfering with certain cellular
activities it damages live tissues and organs. Sometimes they damage cell
membranes, inhibit major cell activities, cause cells to mutate, and errors in
replication. Chlorinated hydrocarbons, dichlorobiphenyl-trichloroethane ( DDT) and
polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), largely generated by pesticide manufacturers and
other chemical businesses that destroy harmful organisms, are the most prevalent
dangerous and human-made toxic chemicals in the environment.

4. What does it mean for something to be toxic?

- The toxicity of a drug depends on three factors: the chemical structure of a material,
the body's capacity to absorb the substance and its ability to detoxify (convert it into
less harmful chemicals) the body.

5. What is the effect of a toxic substance?

- A single cell, a group of cells, a system or the complete organism can be affected
by the toxic substances. The They can either stop a process or diminish the process
function in the body.
6. Do all substances have the potential of being toxic?

- Yes, all things are hazardous and even the most important elements in existence,
such as oxygen and water, are poisonous if ingested in excessive amounts.
Everything relies on the material dosage taken.

7. Are toxic substances natural or man-made?

- Both are natural and man-made.

Man-Made - These are the synthetic chemicals produced in laboratories or

manufacturing plants, such as insecticides, medicinal products and numerous
industrial chemicals, and are found under many forms in complicated combinations.
These substances have an impact on people and other creatures.

Natural - These are discovered in nature that affect organisms, including as arsenic,
mercury, plum and cadmium, which occur naturally. These substances are harmful to
plants and animals at different doses.

8. Who or what is affected by toxic substances?

- Toxin compounds harm both plants, animals, and human beings, Toxic chemicals
are toxic and create perturbations in an organism, generally by chemical reaction or
other molecular label activity when it is absorbed by an organism in sufficient quantity.

9. How would you define toxicology?

- Toxicology is an area of study that enables us to realize the negative influence on

human beings, animals, and the environment of chemicals, substances or
circumstances. The powers of science are used by toxicology to anticipate what
substances can do damage and then communicate this information to safeguard
public health.

10. What sciences does toxicology incorporate?

- Toxicology encompasses several science topics such as biology, chemistry,

physiological research, microbiology, public health and pharmacology. It is a science
that examines toxins and how they affect biological systems as a whole.