Revision Questions

Chapter 4
Excretion (1-5)
 The surface epithelial layer protects the body against invasion of
microbes (Keratin)
The inner epithelial layer contain pigment cells that give the skin its
colour
The dermis contain sweat gland that secretes sweat to decrease the
body temp.

Wrong
Because the 2 kidneys filters the blood and reabsorbs the required
substances, so it maintain the constancy of blood structure
Increase humidity + decrease amount of light + decrease temp. =
Decrease rate of transpiration
1. Sweat gland: as the temp. increases, the blood capillaries of the
skin dilates, activating the sweat gland secreting sweat
2. The Nephron: the renal artery enters the Bowman’s capsule,
where the blood is filtered, then this filtrate is selectively
reabsorbed by the nephric tubules back to the blood again
 Wrong
Guttation is performed through hydathodes present at the
leaf tips
Transpiration takes place through stomata of the leaf
(stomatal), cuticle covering the epidermis (cuticular) and
lenticels in the cork layer (lenticular)
The body will lose much of its required water and
essential substances (glucose and mineral salts),
so the individual has to drink about 170 liters of
water daily to compensate its loss
Figure (1): Represents exposure to hot weather, as the
blood vessels are dilated, which activates the sweat
glands secreting more sweat on the skin surface

Figure (2): Represents exposure to cold weather, as

the blood vessels are constricted, where the sweat
glands are not activated to secrete sweat on the skin
surface
Total blood passes through the 2 kidneys in one
hour = 1.2 x 60 = 72 liters
Number of times of passing of total blood
volume per hour = 72 / 6 = 12 times
 Correct
As the epidermis is the upper layer that is lost from
time to time due to friction, so it is compensated from
beneath (dermis)
Also the epidermis protects the dermis from invasion
of microbes by the presence of keratin layer
Air bubbles will enter inside xylem vessels that cause cutting
of the water column, so the transpiration pulling force will
vanishes, affecting the result of the experiment
Liquid in no. (1) “Glomerulus”: is the whole blood with all its
contents including plasma, RBCs’, WBCs and platelets
Liquid in no. (2) “Bowman’s Capsule”: is the plasma filtered
out of blood containing water, wastes, salts and glucose