...... .... ...... ....

pH 3 5
(self recognition) (nonself recognition)

( ciliated epithelium) (trachea)

( 2)

lysozyme
( )
2
(non-specific defense mechanism)
(specific defense mechanism)

2 ( ) ( )

( 1)

(phagocytic white
blood cells) neutrophils ( ) eosinophils ( )
monocytes ( )

6 7
 ...... .... ...... ....

Neutrophils ( 3) 60 70% Eosinophils ( 6) 1-3%

eosinophils

neutrophils eosinophil
granule ( ) (asthma)
(hay fever) eosinophils

3 neutrophil

phagocytosis
macrophage
6 eosinophil

histamine
Monocytes ( 4) 5%

macrophages ( )( 5) lymphocytes
( ) natural killer cells ( )

macrophages ( 7)
4 monocyte

phagocytosis neutrophil
macrophage

5
7 Natural killer cell
macrophage

macrophage

8 9
 ...... .... ...... ....

(antimicrobial proteins)
lysozyme ( )
complement proteins ( )
interferon ( )
Complement proteins 20
complement proteins
(immune syste )
toxin ( )
interferon
antibodies
(antibodies)
interferon
antibodies antibodies
herpes simplex virus ( )
Staphylococcus aureus ( )
complement proteins histamine ( )
prostaglandins ( ) basophils mast
(antigen)
cells
clotting factors
(active immunity) (passive immunity)
(edema)
(chickenpox)
( 8)
(smallpox)
active immunity ( )
antibodies

( )
(vaccine) ( 9)
5 6 12

10 11
 ...... .... ...... ....

antibodies
antibodies
9

Vaccine ( ) Toxoid ( )
Vaccine
antibodies
antibodies antibodies toxoid (toxi )
antibodies
(colostrum) antibodies
passive immunity (
)( 10)

antigen
antigen
antibodies
10 humor ( ) humoral immunity
antibodies
( ) B lymphocytes ( ) B cells (
) antigen antibodies
antigen antibodies
6 T
lymphocytes ( ) T cells ( ) T cells
antibodies antigen antibodies B cells
cell-mediated immunity ( T cells
antibodies
serum ( ) cell-mediated immunity
(
antibodies
B lymphocytes T lymphocytes lymphocytes
pluripotent stem cells ( )
(rabies virus) lymphocytes
antibodies B cells T cells

12 13
 ...... .... ...... ....

lymphocytes B cells lymphocytes

T cells ( 11)
lymphocytes (lymph node) (spleen)
(lymphatic organs) lymphocytes antigen

12 antigen
B cell T cell

antibodies antigen
antigen antigen
B cells ( 13) B cells

11 Lymphocyte Lymphocyte stem cell clone ( )

B cell
antibodies
thymus
T cell
plasma cells ( )
antigen memory cells ( )
plasma cells antigen
memory cells
B cells T cells antigen (specific antigen receptors)
antigen B cells antibodies antigen
antigen T cells antibodies
antigen
antigen lymphocytes antigen

lymphocytes
antigen ( 12) 13 clone B cell
plasma cells
antibodies antigen
memory cells
antigen

14 15
 ...... .... ...... ....

lymphocytes plasma cells

antibodies antigen 2
primary immune response
( ) antibodies antigen
antigen memory cells
secondary immune response ( )
( 14) natural killer cells
plasma cells
memory cells lymphocytes B cells antibodies
antigen T cells antigen
antigen lymphocytes
antigen

lymphocytes antigen
antibodies

antibodies

antibodies

14 antibodies antigen A

(primary immune response) antigen A

memory cells antigen A

(secondary immune response)
antigen antigen B
antigen B primary immune response

16 17