Guavez, Richelle Ann E.

BS Pharmacy 2-1

1. Differentiate UVA and UVB.

Several forms of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is most frequently associated
with sunlight, include UVA and UVB rays. The skin can become damaged by
both UVA and UVB radiation. Yet, UVA and UVB rays have some positive
effects on health. You can reduce the dangers of hazardous exposure to both types
of rays by making sure you protect your skin. The energy levels of UVA and
UVB rays are different from one another. How deeply they pierce your skin's
various layers also makes a difference in how they differ from one another. The
epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous fat layer are the three layers that
make up your skin. The subcutaneous fat layer is the bottom layer.

Compared to UVB rays, UVA photons are less energetic and have a longer
wavelength. The dermis, the middle layer of your skin, is a point of entry for
them. 95% of the UV energy that reaches the earth is composed of UVA photons.
They contribute to the development of some kinds of skin cancer. Contrarily,
UVB rays are a little bit more energetic than UVA rays. They only have a limited
wavelength that can penetrate the epidermis, the top layer of skin. Skin burning
has been connected to UVB radiation. They also contribute significantly to the
development of skin malignancies, particularly a severe variety known as
malignant melanoma.

2. Give examples of physical and chemical sunscreen and explain how they work.
Physical Sunscreen
EleVen by Venus Williams On-The-Defense Sunscreen SPF 30
- It provides reliable sun protection. It can shield users from UVA and
UVB rays (not all sunscreens with SPF ratings give UVA protection).
Although UVA photons do not produce sunburn, they nonetheless
harm our skin and hasten the aging process. It is a mineral-based
sunblock. Zinc oxide is used to provide sun protection. Zinc oxide can
cause a white cast, but it hardly ever irritates the skin or hurts the eyes.
This product is suited for sensitive skin because it doesn't include any
known everyday irritants. Broad-spectrum sun protection is provided
by this product. That indicates that it can stop hyperpigmentation and
maintain a consistent skin tone (sun damage is the main factor causing
age spots, darkening of post-acne marks, and other discolorations).

Chemical Sunscreen
 3. What is SPF? What is the recommended SPF in sunscreen?
Ha

References:

What’s the Difference Between UVA and UVB Rays? (2021, July 20). WebMD.
https://www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-cancer/difference-between-uva-rays-and-uvb-
rays
Review: EleVen by Venus Williams - On-The-Defense Sunscreen SPF 30 - WIMJ. (n.d.).
https://whatsinmyjar.com/product/eleven-by-venus-williams-on-the-defense-sunscreen-
spf-30#irritancy