Dose Response and Therapeutic Index - The stronger the potency the less of

What is a drug? a dose of a drug you have to take to

- Alters physiological functions by achieve the desired effect.
replacing, interrupting or potentiating - In drug A, you get to take less of a
existing cellular functions. dose to reach that threshold at the
- A drug cannot give a cell an ability or 50% than you would for drug B.
a function that does not already - In drug B you have to take a little
inherently possess. more to reach the threshold.
- Cannot give a cell a new function but - You can take less of a dose of an
it can give this 3 things. naproxen to achieve that threshold
then you would be able to take a
Dose - amount of drug administered dose of ibuprofen , you’d have to
Threshold- lowest dose that produces a take more to achieve that same
perceivable response response.
Maximal effect- greatest response a drug
will produce, regardless of dose THERAPEUTIC INDEX
administered. - Although drug potency can
determine dose required to achive
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EFFECTS the desired effect. It does little to
Fever-aspirin determine, the drug safety.
- Drug safety- appropriate dose of a
drug so they achieve desired effects
Primary effects Secondary effects
and least side effects as possible.
Desired therapeutic All other effects of a - The more of a drug you take, the
effects drug; “side effects” more secondary effects you’re going
to experience.
The whole reason May be undesirable
1. Median Effect Dose (ED50)- 50%
healthcare or desirable
professionals are going to achieve desired effects
prescribe drugs with a particular dose.
2. Toxic Dose (TD50)- overdose of the
For ex. Taking For ex. Aspirin also drug.
aspirin to relieve includes analgesia - Adverse secondary effects
fever and
- Greater than 1 to 1
anti-inflammatory
properties, but may
cause nausea and - if exceed certain dose by 2 times =
upset stomach. toxic dose in 50% of the population
and that’s considered as safe
DOSE RESPONSE therapeutic window.
Dose-Response Curve- evaluates and
compares efficacy and potency of related CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
drugs. - Administering drugs to patients
- Threshold vs Maximal Effects
- Primary vs. Secondary
Effects
- Drug safety