TRINITY ISE 11

Essay Preparation for Extended Writing - Task 4

Sentence 1 Global warming is a very serious issue that

introduces the will only worsen unless something is done
topic in your about the problem now. In this essay, 1 will
own words. look at sorne of the issues it causes and
how the situation might be improved.
Use linking
expressions lik.e One serious problem is that weather pat­ Sentence 2 soys
those underHn ed terns are becoming more extreme. We have already begun to see severe what you are
to introduce going to do.
damage caused by more frequent and intense storms. Climate change also
your points.
endangers wildlife. For instance, the disappearance of ice in the far north
presents challenges for polar bears. Not to mention that extreme heat Look ot how eoch

Notice how linking

can result in drought, leading to a lack of food and water• ...,..___ _ _ _¡..__ point is exploined,
devefoped or sup·
expressions are ported in the next
used in each paro­ However, steps can be taken to reduce how much we pollute and
sentence o/' clause
groph to make the reverse global warming. Simple measures by individuals, like recycling (highfighted).
text flow and more and using public transport instead of cars. would help. Likewise,
reod well. You
governrnent can play a significant role. lt can invest in clean energy, like oíl
mU$t link your
ideos together. and gas, improve public transport systems so that more people use them
and protect endangered wildlife � funding zoos and safari parks.

Use a summlng-up
phrose to summarise
whot you've sai d.
In conclusion, it is my belief that by taking these and more srnall but
important steps to reduce pollution and protect wilflife we can prevent
global warming destroying our planet.

Llnklng Expresslons
So far, we've looked at planning, structuring paragraphs, timlng and brainstorming. Soon, we will look at another important
feature of good answers - linking expressions. The ideas in your answers must be linked together in a logical way. This makes
what you write easier to read and understand. Notice the important role linking expressions play in the example answer above.

Exerclse 1
Now it's your turn. Look at the question below. This is an argument essay.

You hove been talking about environmentol issues in class. Write an essay ( / S0-180 words) for your teacher on whether or not you
think one person's actlons con make a difference wlth regard to helplng protect the envlronment. Give your oplnlon wlth reosons ond
arguments. You shou/d plan your essay before you start writing. Think about what you want to soy and make some notes to help you.

1. Let's use the balanced-argument approach. Brainstorm ideas. Think of as many ideas as you can to support both sides of
the argument.

2. Now select your best ideas and organise them into paragraphs.

Paragraph 2: ....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
Paragraph 3: ................................................................................................................................................................... .

3, Now write your full answer. Give yourself 30 minutes. Then check your answer for mistakes at the end of that time.
 TRINITY ISE 11 Preparation for Extended Writing - Task 4

Reports
We looked at reports in Reading into writing Task 3. Here are a few important points to remember:
• use a title and headings for each paragraph
• use formal language - no contractions

Now look at the question below and the example answer. Read the answer and the notes carefully.

Question:
You recently did a survey of students in your final-year c/ass to find out what their main concerns are about finishing schoo/ and the
future. Write a report (approximately 150-180 words) for your career guidance teacher on the findings o( your survey, stating some o(
the more common concerns and suggesting topics the career guidance teacher could cover in order to assist students.

Report on survey of final-year students in relation to their State the aims

Always give
your report a concerns over the future of the report
title (what clearly in the
it's about) and lntroduction
introduction.
paragraph
headings.
__.---:r The aim of this report is to outline the findings of a survey of final-year
students at Lighthouse Secondary School regarding what their anxleties Present the
about finishing school are, and to make recommendations on what topics important find­
students would benefit from covering in career guidance class. ings or facts in
paragraph 2.
Findings of the survey
As a report is a formal The vast majority of students were worried about making the right
document. avo id usíng
choice about what course to study at university. A significant number were
contracts, e .g. they do
not also anxious about what to do if they decide they do not want to go to
university or if they do not get the right grades for their desired course.

Draw some con­ ecommendations for what subjects to cover in career guidance
clusions or rec­
class
ommendations
on the findings Students would benefit greatly from receiving help and advice on both
or factual their further education and career choices. Specifically. how to choose a
information in suitable course of study at university, what options there are if they do
paragraph 3. not get accepted onto their first-choice course and information on alter­
native work placement and apprenticeship schemes. Summaríse your
findings and the
Paragraph l's action that
heading ís always Conclusion should be token
'Introduction'. The majority of final-year students are worried about immediate decisions or conclusions
Paragraph 4's they have to make that will affect their long-term future. Consequently, you hove made in
heading is always specific guidance should be given on course choices, the university appli­ paragraph 4.
'Conclusion'. cation process, as well as information on the alternatives to third-level
study.

--
Review
Informal Letters
 TRINITY ISE 11
Formal Letters Preparation for Extended Writing · Task 4

Use an appropriate
State clearly Dear Sir or Madam, ...11-------------------1---I formal greeting.
why you are You don't know the
� person's name so
writing in the 1 wish to apply for the position of Sports and Activíties Organiser at the
'Dear Sir or
first paragraph. Totterdell Summer Camp as advertised in yesterday's newspaper.
Madam' is correct.

As captain of my secondary school football team, 1 believe I have the

Moke sure you
sporting background and organisational skills necessary to make me answer the ques-
well-suited to the role. Furthermore, 1 have gained considerable experi- tion fully in the
Don't use
contractions.
ence working with young children as a volunteer teaching assistant at ..kV- two main body
my local primary school. 1 feel, therefore, that my skills and experience paragrophs. Here,
'I am' not
the first input
'I'm'. make me an ideal candidate.
point is discussed
�
� and evidence is
1 am interested in working as a camp organiser because I wish to study provided to sup-
Sign off 'Yours physical education and become a primary school teacher when I leav� port your claims.
faithfully' school. As such, working at the camp would represent valuable experi- �
.--------,
becouse you ence for me. 1 am a very patient, honest, dependable and hard-working 1 ""' In this paragraph,
don't know the individual, who is full of enthusiasm. Therefore, 1 believe I would be a the second and
name of the third input points
significant asset to the summer camp.
person you're are discussed.
writing to.
Thank you in advance for considering my application. 1 look forward to
Use your full name hearing from you and hope for a positive response. -.....-------+--J Close by politely
saying what you
in a formal letter,
would like to hap­
i.e. Michael Yours faithfully,
pen next.
McNulty not
Michael or Mr ...__, Michael McNulty
McNulty.

º rt!!
Exercise 2
1. First look at the pictures and answer these questions. Write your answers down in note form and then discuss them with
a partner if you can.

:r ! ' •
!
e;
5¡ l. Have you ever had a part time job?

t
� 2. What sorts of jobs do young people do to earn extra pocket money?
3. What are the advantages of having a part-time job when you're a
student?
4. What are the disadvantages of having a part-time job when you're
a student?

f
S. What skills does a sports coach working with young children need?

Exercise 3
Now it's your turn. Write an answer to the question below. Plan your paragraphs carefully before you begin and check your
answer at the end, as you've already been shown.

IIEII
You saw an ad for the posltian of Sports Coach for young children at the town's youth centre In your local newspaper. You
decide to apply far the jab. Write a Jetter of appflcatlon to the camp manager in 150-180 words. Say why you're wrltlng and:
• glve detalls of your qualifications and experience
• say why you'd like the Job
• mention sorne o/ the personal qualltles that make you sulted to the role