Dr.

Ratnakar Swain
(M. Tech. & Ph.D., IIT KGP)
Asst. Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
NIT Rourkela
CONTINUES
 RAPID VARIED FLOW (RVF) CONTINUES
Experimentally it is found that
Flow Profile of Hydraulic Jump
𝐹𝐹1 ≤ 5.0

Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL X = a length scale defined as the value of x at which h = 0.75(y2 − y1). 3
 Variation of η with λ

For practical purposes it is suggested that the coordinates (η, λ) be used to plot the profile up to λ
≈ 1.80 and then to smoothly finish the curve by joining the profile to the end of the jump at x = Lj

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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
Classification of Jump
Sl.
Type of jump F1 value EL/E1 (%) Nature of flow
No.

1 Undular jump 1-1.7 ≈0 Small ripple on the surface

2 Weak jump 1.7 - 2.5 5-18 gradually intensity

Oscillations produc
3 Oscillating jump 2.5 - 4.5 18-45
large surface Waves

4 Steady jump 4.5 - 9.0 5-70 The roller and jump action

5 Strong jump > 9.0 >70 Very rough and choppy.

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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
 Classification of Jump

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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
Problem-1:
A spillway discharges a flood flow at a rate of 7.75 m3/s per meter width. At the downstream
horizontal apron the depth of flow was found to be 0.50 m. What tailwater depth is needed to form a
hydraulic jump? If a jump is formed, find its (a) type, (b) length, (c) head loss, (d) energy loss as a
percentage of the initial energy, and (e) profile.
Solution:

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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL
Substituting these for the values of λ and η given in Table, value of x and corresponding h is
obtained. The profile is calculated up to λ ≈ 1.80, i.e. up to x = 25.0 m and then is joined by a
smooth curve to the end of the jump at x = Lj = 28.7 m.

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Dr. R. Swain, Asst. Prof., NIT RKL