Christ The King College - San Fernando City, La Union Inc. High School Department

Christ the King College – San Fernando City, La Union Inc.
HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

City of San Fernando 2500 La Union
PAASCU Re-Accredited
Level II
THE EFFECTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING TO THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS
OF CHRIST THE KING COLLEGE, CITY OF SAN FERNANDO, LA UNION, INC.
Submitted by:
Caspillo, Jasmine (jasminealliah24@gmail.com)
Mabalot, Kryzthyl Angela (kiangela04@gmail.com)
Nonan, Jonalaine (jellennonan@gmail.com)
Ordoño, Freia Ann (ordonofreia@gmail.com)
Raña, Kathleen (rana.ranakath@gmail.com)
Ocol, Johnraphael (raphaelocol@gmail.com)
Valdez, Roel (roelv9062@gmail.com)
Zomil, Enrico (enricozomil@gmail.com)
Submitted to:
Mr. Dexter Shean Labitoria
Research in Daily Life 1 Teacher
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the background, statement of the problem,
assumptions, scope and delimitation and the importance of the body.
Background of the Study
Education is a basic right and supplements a child’s knowledge to a
certain learning but due to the pandemic, it became difficult to cope up with
lessons especially if the child was raised with a face-to-face environment
with the educator. Distance learning may have been applied in some
countries due to the pandemic but not all have the privilege to afford such
education and has the same level of comprehension.
Distance education is an organized educational programme, often
accredited, where the learner is at a geographical and/or time distance from
the learning provider – the educational institution and tutors – and where all
or much of the communication between teachers and learners is conducted
through electronic or print mediums. To overcome the physical distance and
build in interaction, the provider may try to use the two-way potential of, for
example, mailed assignment marking, emails, telephone, tele- and video-
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conferencing, call-in radio or TV, as well as prerecorded video or audio
materials. (Morpeth, Creed, Cullen, Page, & Reynor, 2009)
This demonstrates the significance of educational institutions in
thriving even in the face of an outbreak. To make virtual classes more
engaging, educators must be able to innovate and experiment with available
online tools.
And with the help of technology, it allows humans to connect without
the limitations of geography, it makes processes more efficient and it
supplements the intellect and effectiveness of the human brain. Although it
has a very significant number of very positive attributes, it also has negative
attributes as well in which includes mental health of one being.
Mental health affects one’s behaviour and way of thinking in which
includes emotional, behavioural and social being. And due to instances,
students’ mental health is ta risked because of distance learning. Students
may experience increased fatigue, headaches, lack of motivation,
avoidance/procrastination, and ineffective time management, feelings of
isolation due to limited socialization in-person, minimized awareness and
understanding of others created by in-person dialogues.
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In United States, online enrolments were less than 10% of the actual
number of students. And in the Philippines, more than 4 million of students
are not enrolled in any educational institutes. This just shows that students
prefer face-to-face program when it comes to learning.
While Filipino culture placed a high value on education, it is generally
viewed as the great equalizer of opportunities. Distant learning has been
adopted in the Philippines but it is still in the early stage and progressing. In
which, distance learning can be in a form of online learning, modular learning
and a mixture of both, blended learning.
Philippines were in the progress of handling distant learning for
students to provide education even in this pandemic.
This study aims to determine the possible factors and its effects of
distance learning to mental state and behavioral being of students in Christ
the King College – San Fernando City, La Union, Inc.
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Conceptual Framework
Factors that Affect the

Possible Effects to the
Meantal Health of
Well-being of Students
Students
Environmental Feeling of Isolation
Irritation and Agitation

Family
Stress and Anxiety
Support and Accessibility
Academic Failure
Physical Health
Lifestyle
Five factors have been considered that effects the mental and behavioral
being of students which are environmental, family, support and accessibility,
exposure and also lifestyle. Environmental consists of their surroundings in which
sudden changes in one’s environment might cause possible stress. The support and
accessibility can also be applied since it affects one’s individualism. Having a
support and positive reinforcement from people around you is crucial. But during
this crisis, self-isolation and individualism have been highly observed. Isolation can
have a detrimental effect on a person's mental health. Physical health plays a huge
role in our mental health and vice versa. If cared properly and exercised daily,
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certain hormones that contributes to our mental health will be released in which
can help avoid feeling stressed and anxious. Moreover, lifestyle such as getting
proper sleep, eating meals on time and managing time can help avoid the sense of
rushed activities and overloaded works that can lead to academic failure.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the effects of distance learning to the mental
health of students.
It seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the possible effects of distance learning on students?
2. What are the factors that affect the mental and behavioral state of students?
Hypothesis
The following are the assumptions of the study:
Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): Distance learning causes mental problems to the
students of Christ the King College, City of San Fernando, La Union, Inc.
Null Hypothesis (Ho): Distance learning does not cause any mental problems to
the students of Crist the King College, City of San Fernando, La Union, Inc.
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Scope and Delimitation
This study focuses on the possible effects of distance learning to the
mental health of students in Christ the King College - San Fernando City, La
Union Inc. Students per grade level will be randomly pick by researchers to
be the respondents of the study.
Importance of the Study
This research study will greatly benefit:
 The school of Christ the King College San Fernando La Union Inc. for
them to be knowledgeable and to understand how the new normal
education or distance learning can affect the mental health of their
students.
 The teachers and the students of Christ the King College will be able
to be mindful of how to adjust in distance learning and how they will
deal with its effect on the mental health of the dear learners.
 Researchers to understand how distance learning will complicate
the mental health of the learners and how they will be able to propose
solutions to avoid difficulty.
 For the future researchers these goals to be a helpful material and
to be based on how their research will be done.
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Definition of Terms
Stated below are the terms used in the research:
Distance Learning – it is a method of education that teachers and students
meet virtually through internet.
Mental health – this includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-
being. It affects how we think, feel, and act.
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CHAPTER II
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This chapter presents the research design, sources of data, data analysis, the parts of
the action plan and ethical considerations.
Research Design
The descriptive research design will be used in the study. This design aims to
describe characteristics of population, situation, and phenomenon accurately and
systematically. To put it simply, descriptive research design is answering the where, when,
what, and how. This design is applicable for the study considering the objective of the
research study, to distinguish the effect of distance learning on the mental health of
students.
Furthermore, the quantitative research approach will also be applied in the study.
Quantitative research refers to the gathering quantifiable data and performing statistical,
mathematical, or computational techniques. This approach is appropriate to the study since
it makes use of quantitative techniques such as quantifying qualitative responses into
quantitative survey for identifying the possible factors affecting the mental health of
students.
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Sources of Data
Locale and population of study
The researchers conducted this study at Christ the King College, San Fernando City,
La Union, Inc. The study was composed of 48 students or respondents wherein in each
grade level 8 students were chosen. Stratified purposive sampling was used to analyze the
respondents of the study. It is known that stratified purposive sampling describes samples
within samples and suggests that purposeful samples can be stratified or nested by
selecting specific units or cases that vary according to a key dimension. In this stratified
purposive sampling, grade levels are stratified into sub-groups and chose 8 respondents
randomly.
Instrumentation and Data Collection
A survey questionnaire was designed to gather the collection of data to measure the
effectiveness of distance learning in the mental health of students. There were two main
questions that was classified into 3 to 4 statements which shall be rated by the
respondents. The survey questionnaire was formulated by the researchers so that the
participants will be able to reflect and be honest on what they stand and feel about this new
educational system which is affecting the mental health of students.
As soon as the questions needed for the survey was finalized by the researchers, it
was then delivered and/or sent to the selected participants. The respondents that were
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chosen are students of Christ the King College - San Fernando, La Union, Inc. from grades 7
to 12. This survey questioner was then distributed to those of selected students from
grades 7 to 12 of Christ the King College - San Fernando thru messenger.
This was conducted to help the researchers understand more the effects of distance
learning to the mental health of students and how it affects their academic skills and
knowledge. Also, to the teachers that will be guiding the students to cope up and/or deal
with this new educational system which is distance learning. To ensure the validity of the
questions in the interview, it was presented to Mr. Dexter Labitoria.
Tools for Data Analysis
The data gathered was subjected to analysis and interpretation to provide answers
to the two main questions that served as a guide in conducting the study. A survey
questionnaire is created in Google Forum which was used to gather responses from the
students for analyzation and organization of data through comparing. The researchers
created a group chat in an application, Messenger, wherein the respondents and
researchers are present. The google forum link was sent together with the permission
letter for respondents. Identifying common patterns within the responses and critically
analyzing them to achieve the research aims and objectives. The responses from our
respondents will be gathered and presented through pictorial representation of statistical
data in graphical form. Visual aids such as graphs and tables will be used to present
information for easier comprehension.
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Ethical Considerations
To establish and safeguard ethics in conducting the research, the researchers strictly
observed the following:
Confidentiality the privacy of the respondents are protected. The researchers ensured the
anonymity of the participating respondents in the entirety of the conducted research.
Objectivity the researchers rely on facts provided by respondents rather than basing on
personal feelings and opinions regarding the topic.
Honesty and Integrity because plagiarism was avoided as proper document sourcing was
done. There were no falsification and fabrication of results and data as the researchers
remained truthful and honest in conducting the research.
Respect for Colleagues because in conducting the research there were clear and mutual
respect, communication and fairness between the researchers.
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CHAPTER III
PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter displays the analysis and presentation of the data from the employed data-
gathering techniques through graphs and interpretations in the Assessment of Effects of Distance
Learning to the Mental Health of Students of Christ the King College – San Fernando City, La Union
Inc.
The first question sought to be answered in the conducted study was to identify how
distance learning affect the mental health of the students. The different factors are: It increases
stress and anxiety, it offers feeling of safety and reassurance, it helps become independent and
there are some changes in behaviour that causes to be agitated and severely irritated.
Table 1
INCREASES STRESS AND ANXIETY

Strongly Agree Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
4%
6%
23%
19%
48%
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The first factor on how distance learning affects the mental health of students is it increases
stress and anxiety to them. Based on the data gathered, 48% of the surveyed students from Christ
the King College agreed that distance learning increases stress and anxiety. There are also 11
students out of 48 strongly agreed on it. Moreover, 19% of the respondents are still undecided, 6%
disagreed and the remaining 4% strongly disagreed that distance learning increases stress and
anxiety.
The findings of this study corroborates with the study published by High Focus Centers
(2020) which shows that lack of social interaction and the class structure brought by distance
learning increases stress and anxiety on the mental health of a student. This increases stress and
anxiety because students may experience difficulty concentrating or staying focused while at home
and they may feel heightened anxiety about keeping up to date with their school works. The
findings of this study is also in line with the study published by Jenna Wirth (2020) which revealed
that students experiencing frustrating delays during video calls makes technological issues a source
of anxiety and stress for students.
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OFFERS FEELINGS OF SAFETY AND REASSURANCE

4%
10% 21%
27%
38%
The second factor on how distance learning affects the mental health of students is it offers
feelings of safety and reassurance. Based on the data gathered, 38% of the surveyed students
agreed that distance learning offers them feelings of safety and reassurance. This means that
distance learning makes them feel safe during this pandemic because they are at home and doesn’t
interact with other people. However, the 14% from the disagreements of the respondents doesn’t
feel the same way.
The findings of this study corroborates with the study published by High Focus Centers
(2020) which tells that there are still positive benefits brought by distance learning which is it offer
feelings of safety and reassurance where students are at home and it can become a safe learning
environment for them because they are together with their family.
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HELPS BECOME INDEPENDENT

8%
4%
25%
25%
38%
The third factor on how distance learning affects the mental health of students is it helps
them become independent. Based on the data gathered, 38% of the surveyed students agreed that
distance learning helps them to become independent. Equal percentage which is 25% goes with the
students who strongly agree and is undecided if it helps them become independent. However, 4%
of the students disagreed that distance learning helps them become independent. This is related to
the study of Chris Runeckles (2020) that distance learning might be an opportunity to build some
traits in students like independency.
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CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR THAT CAUSES AGITATED AND

SEVERELY IRRITATED
Strongly Agree Agree Undecided Disagree
10%
29%
21%
40%
The fourth factor on how distance learning affects the mental health of students is there are
some changes in their behaviour that causes them to be agitated and severely irritated. Almost half
of the respondents which are 40% agreed that distance learning brought some changes in their
behaviour that causes them to be agitated and severely irritated. However, 10% disagreed and
doesn’t feel the same way. Apparently, there are a lot of factors for severe irritation and agitation.
This includes having difficulties with their education, had a poor time management, environment.
This relates to the study published by Burns (2019) which shows that procrastination leads to the
distraction of self-regulation during distance learning that can change one’s behavior into being
agitated easily.
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The second question sought to be answered in the conducted study was to identify how
students coped up with their mental health. The different factors are: Entertaining themselves with
social media and online games, having time to take a rest, and getting regular exercises.
Entertaining yourself with social media and online games

10%
6%
54%
29%
Based on the data gathered, more than half of the respondents entertain themselves with
social media and online games to cope up with mental health. 29% of the respondents also agree
while 11% of the respondents disagree. Therefore, usage of social media and online games as an
entertainment is an effective way of coping up with mental health of the students. This relates to
the five important stress coping strategies in the study of Sideridis (2008) where browsing the
internet and watching television or movies are included.
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Having time to take a rest

8%
8%
8%
52%
23%
Based on the data gathered, 52% of the respondents strongly agree and 23% agree that
taking a rest helps them cope up with stress. Therefore, most of the students listen to music, take a
nap, and do activities that calms them is how they cope up with stress. This relates to the
Kassymova (2018) study which states that complete relaxation inside and outside the body
including the mind and emotion is essential in stress management. Furthermore, students who
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indulge themselves with activities that satisfies and relaxes them is important in stress reduction.
Getti ng Regular Exercise

6%
13%
35%
17%
29%
Based on the gathered data, 35% of the respondents strongly agree that getting regular
exercise is their way of coping up with stress, 17% of the respondents are undecided while 6% does
not agree. This means that getting regular exercise is an activity that most of the students do to
relieve stress while some students do other activities to cope up with stress. This relates to
Tenenbaum (2017) study which states that regular exercise affects positively the mental health
positively and the ability to cope up with stress. It is also stated that regular exercise improves
depression and anxiety.
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CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary, conclusions and recommendations of the

study.
Summary
This study aims to determine the possible factors and effects of distance
learning to the mental health of high school students in Christ the King College, Inc. It also
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determines the influence of distance learning to the mental capability of students and the
effects of distance learning to the academic proficiency of students.
This study is a quantitative research which uses statistical and logical reasoning
that are relevant to the study. The researchers made questions and conducted online
survey that can sustain the needed information regarding the study and chose 8 students
per grade level with a total of 48 students to be their respondents. The interview was
conducted in the month of March in school year 2020-2012 and the answers of the
respondents are recorded for documentation and additional information. The data will be
presented with visual aids such as graphs and tables for easier understanding.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the following are concluded:
1. The possible effects of distance learning to the mental health of the students is that
it affects their behavior since they are accustomed to face-to-face education
program. In addition to that, the students feel more stressed compare to previous
years of mode of education. The students also enhanced their ability to organize and
manage their time and slowly they are coping up to the new environment and new
education program. Moreover, it reassures them safety against Covid-19 disease.
Mental issues affect academic proficiency as stress and anxiety hinder education
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and it also affect concentration to learning. In addition, students learned to be more
independent and organized as they go through the new system of education.
2. There are several factors that can affect the mental state of students. One is the
students’ lifestyle, they tend to procrastinate activities which causes them
overloaded works to rush that somehow be the reason of severe irritation and
agitation. Next, heavy isolation also affect their social being, without the proper
support from their peers, their confidence and motivation declines.
Recommendations
1. Students must learn how to manage their time properly.
2. If students don't understand something on the lessons, they may ask the teachers
since they're open with it.
3. Students should create a habit/health lifestyle. Take care of your physical being can
improve mental health. Exercising regularly helps our body stimulate hormones
that are necessary for our mental being.
4. Students are advised to take rest after a stressful activity.
Bibliography
(n.d.).
Berg, G. (2016). Distane Learning. https://www.britannica.com/topic/distance-learning.
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Cimmiyotti, C. (2013). Impact of Reading Ability on Academic. Retrieved from
https://scholar.dominican.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1126&context=masters-theses
Dollanger, C. (2020). Philippines: The Rich and Poor Divide in Distance Learning.
https://international.thenewslens.com/article/142537.
Hallworth, R. (2021). What factors affect our mental health? Understanding the social,
physiological and environmental impact. Retrieved from Northern Healthcare:
https://www.northernhealthcare.org.uk/news-resources/what-factors-affect-our-
mental-health-understanding-the-social-physiological-and-environmental-impact/
Joaquin, J., Biana, H., & Dacela, M. (2020, October 22). The Philippine Higher Education
Sector in the Time of COVID-19. Retrieved from Fronliners in Education:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2020.576371/full
Koomson, W. (2020). Effective Distance Learning Pedagogy In Developing Countries.
https://elearningindustry.com/distance-learning-pedagogy-developing-countries.
Letigio, D. (2020). Dizon to education officials: Study impact of distance learning on mental
health of students. https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/341504/dizon-to-education-
officials-study-impact-of-distance-learning-on-mental-health-of-
students#:~:text=EDUCATION-,Dizon%20to%20education%20officials%3A
%20Study%20impact%20of%20distance,on%20mental%20health%20of%20stu.
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Mary Burns. (2019, Novermber 3). I’ll Get To It Tomorrow: Procrastination In Online
Learning. Retrieved from eLearning Industry:
https://elearningindustry.com/procrastination-in-online-learning
Morpeth, R., Creed, C., Cullen, J., Page, E., & Reynor, J. (2009). Open and Distance Learning
for Basic Education in South Asia: its potential for hard-to-reach children and children
in conflict and disaster areas: Bangladesh and Sri Lanka Country Studies. Retrieved
from UNICEF.
Nharuhutse, S., Gibbs, E., & Fitzpatrick, R. (2020). What are countries doing that already use
remote learningextensively? What can we learn from them?
https://edtechhub.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/What-are-countries-that-
already-use-remote-learning-doing-and-what-can-we-learn-from-them-
EdTechHub.pdf.
Santos, A. (2020). In the Philippines, distance learning reveals the digital divide.
https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/10/06/philippines-distance-learning-reveals-digital-
divide.
EFFECTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING TO THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS OF CHRIST THE

KING COLLEGE
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The objective of this survey is to know the effects of distance learning to the mental health of
students. Please let us know your responses to the questions stated below. All information provided
by you will be kept confidential and will be used in academic purposes. Thank you!
Personal Details:
Name: _________________________________
Grade level: ___________ Section: __________
Gender: __ Female __ Male
Legend: 1= Strongly Agree | 2= Agree | 3= Undecided | 4= Disagree | 5= Strongly Disagree
1. How does distance learning affect your 1 2 3 4 5

mental health?
It Increases my stress and anxiety.
It offers feeling of safety and reassurance.
It helps me become independent.
There are some changes in my behavior that causes
me to be agitated and severely irritated.
2. How do you cope up with your mental 1 2 3 4 5

health?
Entertaining yourself with social media and online
games.
Having time to take a rest. (Take a nap, relax,
listen to music, etc.)
Getting regular exercise. (Yoga, walking, biking,
etc.)
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Christ the King College – San Fernando City, La Union Inc.

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

THE EFFECTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING TO THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS

OF CHRIST THE KING COLLEGE, CITY OF SAN FERNANDO, LA UNION, INC.

Caspillo, Jasmine (jasminealliah24@gmail.com)

Mabalot, Kryzthyl Angela (kiangela04@gmail.com)

Nonan, Jonalaine (jellennonan@gmail.com)

Ordoño, Freia Ann (ordonofreia@gmail.com)

Raña, Kathleen (rana.ranakath@gmail.com)

Ocol, Johnraphael (raphaelocol@gmail.com)

Valdez, Roel (roelv9062@gmail.com)

Zomil, Enrico (enricozomil@gmail.com)

Mr. Dexter Shean Labitoria

Research in Daily Life 1 Teacher

This chapter presents the background, statement of the problem,

assumptions, scope and delimitation and the importance of the body.

Background of the Study

Education is a basic right and supplements a child’s knowledge to a

lessons especially if the child was raised with a face-to-face environment

education and has the same level of comprehension.

Distance education is an organized educational programme, often

accredited, where the learner is at a geographical and/or time distance from

or much of the communication between teachers and learners is conducted

through electronic or print mediums. To overcome the physical distance and

example, mailed assignment marking, emails, telephone, tele- and video-

conferencing, call-in radio or TV, as well as prerecorded video or audio

materials. (Morpeth, Creed, Cullen, Page, & Reynor, 2009)

This demonstrates the significance of educational institutions in

thriving even in the face of an outbreak. To make virtual classes more

engaging, educators must be able to innovate and experiment with available

And with the help of technology, it allows humans to connect without

the limitations of geography, it makes processes more efficient and it

supplements the intellect and effectiveness of the human brain. Although it

attributes as well in which includes mental health of one being.

Mental health affects one’s behaviour and way of thinking in which

includes emotional, behavioural and social being. And due to instances,

students’ mental health is ta risked because of distance learning. Students

may experience increased fatigue, headaches, lack of motivation,

avoidance/procrastination, and ineffective time management, feelings of

isolation due to limited socialization in-person, minimized awareness and

understanding of others created by in-person dialogues.

number of students. And in the Philippines, more than 4 million of students

prefer face-to-face program when it comes to learning.

While Filipino culture placed a high value on education, it is generally

viewed as the great equalizer of opportunities. Distant learning has been

which, distance learning can be in a form of online learning, modular learning

and a mixture of both, blended learning.

Philippines were in the progress of handling distant learning for

students to provide education even in this pandemic.

distance learning to mental state and behavioral being of students in Christ

the King College – San Fernando City, La Union, Inc.

Factors that Affect the

Environmental Feeling of Isolation

Irritation and Agitation

being of students which are environmental, family, support and accessibility,

exposure and also lifestyle. Environmental consists of their surroundings in which

accessibility can also be applied since it affects one’s individualism. Having a

Statement of the Problem

It seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the possible effects of distance learning on students?

The following are the assumptions of the study:

Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): Distance learning causes mental problems to the

Scope and Delimitation