Group 2 Research

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
SAN RAFAEL NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
Caingin, San Rafael, Bulacan
300773@deped.gov.ph / sanrafael_nts1988@yahoo.com
(044) 816-7789
The Effects of Mental Health in the Academic Performance of Grade 12 students

during Pandemic
A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty San Rafael National Trade School
San Rafael, Bulacan
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Humanities and Social Science
Submitted by:
Cada, John Mathew Santiago
Flores, Jayvee Sangria
Megenio, Joseph Israel Santos
Ramos, John Vernard Garcia
Veneracion, Joshua Romano
Balmeo, Mariah Joi De Guzman
Dela Cruz, Averdeen Matic
Francisco, Shermaine Jimenez
Mabio, Irish Dacpano
Moya, Karrile Ann R.
Samonte, Roselyn Irinco
Valdez, Mary Joy San Jose
12- LIBRA
April 2022
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Table of Contents
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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
As Demi Lavito said “The advice I’d give to somebody that’s silently struggling
is, you don’t have to live that way. You don’t have to struggle in silence. You can be un-
silent. You can live well with a mental health condition, as long as you open up to
somebody about it, because it’s really important you share your experience with people so
that you can get the help that you need.”
Due to widespread of covid-19 virus in the country our mental health is the one of
our focus. Mental health is a broad term that refers to well being of people. Our
emotional, psychological, and social well-being are all part of our mental health. It has an
impact on the way we think, feel, and act. It also influences how we deal with stress,
interact with people, and make good decisions. Mental health is vital at all stages of life,
including childhood, adolescence, and maturity. Aside from being sick it also led to social
insulation which results in a variety of psychological issues such as anxiety and
depression. At its peak, the COVID-19 pandemic affected the lives and education of over
1.6 billion pupils around the world (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization [UNESCO], 2021). To combat the pandemic, the US, like many other
countries, has instituted a policy of school lockdowns, which will commence in mid-
March 2020. Schools accepted and explored remote learning using video conferencing
methods and modular distant learning as a result of the lockdown. Increased levels of
psychological distress such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and
stress have resulted in mental health worsening for teachers, students, and many families.
Grade 12 students are at the risk of developing psychological issues because of the
pandemic. Psychological stress can cause to a person's life a different kind of
psychological issues. Factors that might lead to psychological change, such as anxiety,
depression and stress. This psychological change has an impact on students learning
results because it cause confusion and perception. The covid-19 pandemic combine with
online learning method, it exacerbates student anxiety, stress and tension. Negative
perceptions of the learning environment, high levels of perceived workload, a lack of
enthusiasm for subjects of study, inability to consistently attend classes, a lack of interest
in completing school activities, and a sense of meaninglessness in academic activities all
contribute to poor academic performance.( Kumar A & Somani A.2020). Dealing with
Corona virus anxiety and OCD. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. Severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the
epidemic and the challenges, (Tang H & Hsueh P2020). A review of psychological
distress among university students: Pervasiveness, implications and potential points of
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intervention. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling.(Sharp, J., &
Theiler, S. 2018)
To maintain a good mental health we need to stay positive,we need to find our
inner and outer harmony. And always try to find a better way to mindfully respond in any
situation. This are some example of the preeminent things that a person can do. Two
years into the COVID-19 pandemic, we’ve learned a lot about resilience: what makes us
stronger, safer and more adaptable.
Related Review Literature
(Folkman and Lazarus, 1984) define stress as “a particular relationship between

the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his
or her well-being”. Schools should expect students to react to the pandemic in a variety of
ways that will vary depending upon the students’ personal experiences and developmental
level; however, it is likely that negative reactions may improve over time (Chafoules et
al., 2019). In conjunction to that, schools must be trained to discuss a wide range of
psychological and psysiological effects with the students, in addition to the academic
requirements that would inevitably emerge as a result of the continued closing of the
campus or schools.
Students are required to change their learning method from in-class to online
learning. As stated by Sutarto et al. (2020) the learning process, initially was conducted
face-to-face in the classroom, but has been shifted to home learning using the online
system or distance learning (Nasir et al., 2018) through the use for their daily lesson and
to assess their academic performance and it somehow causes the students to get stressed.
It is supported (by Irawan et al., 2020) where they mentioned one of the contributing
factors to students’ stress rate is the pressure of online lecture tasks, which requires them
to use online media that they have only learned and must comprehend instantly.
This pandemic does not only mentally affect adults but also students.
(Corresponding to Chang et al., 2020a) and (Chang et al., 2020b), they pointed out the
psychological effect of the public health crisis is long lasting. The worries about
pandemic usually will dissolove after a period of time. However, the impact of
normalizing new things and it might affect students’ academic achievement as well.
(Kamaludin et al., 2020) stated that fear and the risk to the health of a person can
gradually dissipate as the pandemic reaches its tail end. Nevertheless, the idea of the
disease itself and the desire to switch to a “new normal” will have a long-term
psychological effect on the students. In exchange, this can influence the academic
performance of the students.
(Reddy et al., 2018) in their study concludes that stream wise difference in stress
does exist in students. It is important to deal with stress at personal, social and
institutional level. Remedies such as feedback, yoga, life skills training, mindfulness,
meditation and psychotheraphy have been found useful to deal with stress. To identify the
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main reason of stress is the key to deal with it. Professionals can develop tailor made
strategies to deal with stress. The integrated well being of the students is important not
only for the individual but for the institute as well.
(Dimitrov, 2017) in his study claimed that stress can be addressed by ensuring that
the students give outmost importance to their welfare. Food, exercise, work, recreation
are some of the areas to focus on. He also concluded that the education system is more to
do with the academic qualifications and does not contribute enough to the holistic
development of students. Students are usually conditioned in a way that makes them
fearful to take up upcoming challenges as the focus is only the academics and not the
development of a go getter mentally. There are not many choices for the medium of
education. English being the only option available can pose as a hindrance for the
students from rural background. There are not many courses available that are
employment centric. Fresh graduates need more communication skills development for
better placements.
(Subramani and Kadhiravan 2017) revealed the link between academic stress and
mental health among students. He endorsed that academic stress and mental health are
correlated and that students are cramped with the academic structure. Parents and schools
pressurize the students way too much for the higher grades that disheartens the students,
further to add on there is not enough support from the parents and school in terms of
guidance. The students are mentally healthy when they perform constructively in the
academic forums. They also propounded that students from private schools are more
pressurized as compared to students from government schools due to the excess of
homework and other academic related assignments. Significant difference in mental
health of students from private and government schools was found. He asserted that
students from private schools who belong to poor socio economic background and lack of
exposure. This is one of the reasons for the escalation of stress.
(Sharma et al., 2016) in their study the use of various methods to curb stress.
Doing one physical exercise on daily basis can address the concern of stress. One can also
adopt to various time management tools and get involved with leisure activities which can
benefit students. Also, it was suggested that colleges should have a conducive ambiance
to curtail the stress. Change in the style of delivery from teachers end and providing
mentors can bring fresh air to the teaching style.
(Prabu 2015) research on the higher secondary students and implied that male
students are more stressed than the female students. Urban student’s academic stress is
graeter than the rural students. Government school student’s stress is lower than the
private school student’s stress.
(Kaur 2014) acknowledged that mental health of teenagers get affected due to the
academic stress. Girls with academic stress were found to have poor mental health as
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compared to the boys. This was accounted on the study that parents at times put pressure
and strain on students that leads to deterioted mental health.
(Bataineh 2013) in his study measured the academic stress experienced by the
students at university. The result of the analysis showed that there is an unreasonable
academic overload, not enough time to study due to the vast course content being
covered, high family expectations and low motivation levels are some of the reasons for
the stress. Fear of failure is also the prime reason for stress. There was no significant
difference found amongst the students from different of specializations.
(Khan and Kauser 2013) concluded that stress definitely impacts the academic
performance in a negative way though no significant difference was found as per the
gender. The difference was found as per the gender. The difference was evident between
junior and senior students. Stress, for sure, affects the ability to study efficiently and
managing the time. Studying regularly is important, this helps reduce the academic
pressure and helps them fulfill their goals.
(Busari 2020) found that stress was leading to depression among Grade 12
students and is linked with affect on academic achievement. Introduction to preventive
measures, teachers life skills and other therapeutic techniques should be taken in to
serious consideration.
(Nandamuri and Gowthami 2011) studied the stress among students of

professional studies and claimed that curriculum and instructions parameters were most
responsible for stress with 86 percent, followed by 63 percent for placement related
issues, assessment and team work issues accounted for 41 percent and 24 percent
respectively. The study further indentified various micro issues responsible for stress, and
listed twelve sub issues related to curriculum and instruction. Once the sub issues of each
parameter are identified, it provided improved vision to the academic administrators for
initiating efforts to reduce the gravity of academic stress.
According to Agolla (2009) stress has become an important topic in academic

circles. Many philosophers have carried out considerable research on stress concluded
that this topic needs way more attention. Radcliff and Lester (2003) studied the
anticipated stress among final year undergraduate students and acknowledged that class
assignments, not enough guidance, pressure to mingle and to get associated were the
reasons for the stress to build up. McKean et al. (2000) argue that undergraduate students
experience higher stress at expected times in each semester. Academic engagements,
financial pressures and lack of time management skills lead to building up of stress.
Excessive stress can affect well being, emotional attitude and academic performance.
There upon it becomes essential that undergraduate students establish methods to deal
with stressful situations.
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Statement of the Problem
This research aims to determine the effects of Pandemic in the mental health of
Grade 12 students in San Rafael National Trade School in the SY. 2021-2022.
Specifically, this study will be answer by the following question:
1. How may the students democratic profile be described in terms of:
a. Age
b. Strand
c. Average grade
2. How may the effects of pandemic be describe in terms of:
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Stress
3. Is there a significance relationship between the mental health and academic
performance during this pandemic?
4. What are the experiences of grade 12 students during this pandemic?
5. What are the possible programs that the researchers may suggest based on the
study?
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Hypothesis
The following hypothesis will be tested in the study:
-There is no significant relationship between students mental health to their academic
performance.
Significance of the study
This study will be beneficial to the following:
The Students
The students will understand how important mental health is and how can they cope up
from the stress and depression brought upon the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Teachers
The teachers will have a mental image about what is happening to the students now that
they are doing self-study or studying in an online platform and how does these particular
changes affect their mental health.
The Parents
The parents will have the knowledge about the support system they need to provide to
their children now that everyone are experiencing a crisis, this study will help them
understand the importance of support system inside their homes.
The school
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The school will have an idea as to what programs or curriculum will suit the needs of the
students prior to their mental health and as to what kind of activities would not take a lot
from them.
Future Researchers
Can further out this study by looking closely to the underlying factors of achieving good
mental health. They may recommend some action plans or programs to ensure that
student’s overall wellness is achieved through awareness.
Conceptual Framework
The study utilizes the Independent Variable (IV) and Dependent Variable (DV) model. IV
consist of effects of mental health. IV act as potential predictors of the outcome under
DV. The DV consist of academic performance of Gr. 12 students this outcome variable is
dependent on the effects of mental health of the respondents. A possible relationship of
the IV and DV are explored.
IV DV
Academic
Effects of mental
Performance of Grade
health
12 Students
Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

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Theoritical Framework
Students, educators, and parents have faced numerous obstacles as a result of the
COVID-19 pandemic. Children who are already dealing with mental health issues have
been particularly vulnerable to the changes, and they are now learning about the wide-
ranging effects on pupils as a result of school closures, physical distancing restrictions
and isolation, and other unanticipated life changes (World Health Organization [WHO],
2020)
We, therefore, predict that COVID-19 would lead to student’s negative well-being
because students may experience more stress related to uncertainties in their academic
success, negative economic impact, and lack of perceived support (Cao et al. 2020). Past
research shows that the increase of consiparacy theories during a pandemic is not a new
phenomenon: Especially in times of crises, conspiracy thinking increases substantially
(Van Prooijen & Douglas, 2017). Listen carefully and validate the student’s feelings and
experiences. Be supportive and express your concern about the situation. Ask the student
if they have thoughts of suicide. Discuss clearly and concisely an action plan, such as
having the student immediately call for a counseling appointment (Galvez, 2022). Under
the economic lockdown and recession, more students may have difficulties in finding jobs
and/or internships, which could negatively affect students’ self-esteem (personal
resource) and their individual economic well-being (object resource) for instance.
Without a guarantee to job prospects, students feel more stressed about their future and
return on education investment, which decreases their enagagement in learning activities
and increases their negative emotions (Flinchbaugh,2012). Without a guarantee to job
prospects, students feel more stressed about their future and return on education
investment, which decreases their engagement in learning activities and increases their
negative emotions (Flinchbaugh, 2012)
Caplans framework proposes at continuum between prevention and treatment as

part of a wider spectrum of activities designed to reduce the incidence and prevalence of
disorders. However, this framewortk has been criticesed for blurring the distinction
between early treatment and preventions interventions.
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Definition of terms
The following are terms used by the researcher in the study to have parallel
understanding with the readers.
Anxiety- a feeling of fear, dread, and uneasiness.

Depression- a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of
interest.
Stress- the feeling of being overwhelmed or unable to cope with mental or emotional
pressure.
Academic Performance- the measurement of student achievement across various
academic subjects.
Impact- the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.
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CHAPTER 2
METHOD OF THE STUDY
Research Design
This study is quantitative in nature quantative in nature Quantitative research will
be more suitable in the study. The said design is used to determine the effect of mental
health in academic performance of the Grade 12 students during the pandemic.
The research utilize non experimental descriptive design. Descriptive research is a

quantitative research methods that attempts to collect quantifiable information to be used
for statistical analysis of the population sample. It is a popular market research tool that
allows to collect and describe the nature of demographic segment (Adi Bhat)
Population of the Study

The participants of this study is the grade 12 students of San Rafael National
Trade School. All the strand of Grade 12 STEM (56 students), ABM (66 students),
HUMSS (47 students), and TVL (132 students) has a total of 302 where research
participants will be choose. But not all of these can respond to the study, because there is
a target sample size and once its done the gogle meet automatically will close.
Number of Senior High Students and Per Sex

Mal Feaml
Strand e e No. of Students
Academic Track
Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) 22 44 66
Humanities and Social Science (HUMSS) 19 28 47
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) 33 23 56
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood Track
Home Economics (HE) 23 47 70
ICT 13 5 18
The researcher will utilize the Slovin’s Formula to calculate the sample size, given
the population size, and a margin of error. It is computed as: n= 302/ (1+302 (0.05) ^2
=170
The psychological impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Grade 12 Senior High

School Student’s Academic Performance.
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Industrial Arts - Automotive Servicing (AS) 7 0 7

Industrial Arts - Electrical Installation and Maintenance
(EIM) 20 0 20
Industrial Arts - Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) 14 4 18
Total of Students 151 151 302
Table 1. Respondents of The Study
Instrument of the Study
The researcher will use a pre-made survey questionnaire (do you have a sample of
this pre-made questionnaire?) and distribute it via Google Forms, with the survey’s scope
limited to Grade 12 students at San Rafael National Trade School.
The study of survey procedures is what survey methodology is. Survey
methodology is a branch of applied statistics that focuses on human-research surveys. It
examines population sampling and related survey data collection strategies. Such as
questionnaire creation and approaches for boosting the number and accuracy of survey
replies. Survey methodology is concerned with instruments or processes that ask one or
more questions that may or may not be answered.
To gather respondents, the researchers will use Simple Random Sampling to
choose in the members of the population. The researcher oos will use Likert Scale and the
respondents will be asked to indicate how much they agree or disagree with the
statements provided in the questionnaire.

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The answer will be interpreted using the following scale:
Interoretation Equivalent Interpretation

4.21 - 5.00 Strongly Agree Very High
3.41 - 4.20 Agree High
2.61 - 3.40 Fairly Agree Moderate
1.81 - 2.60 Disagree Low
1.00 - 1.80 Strongly Disagree Very Low
Table 1. Example of Likert Scale
Data Processing and Statistical Treatment

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Republic of the Philippines

The Effects of Mental Health in the Academic Performance of Grade 12 students

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Related Review Literature

(Folkman and Lazarus, 1984) define stress as “a particular relationship between

(Nandamuri and Gowthami 2011) studied the stress among students of

According to Agolla (2009) stress has become an important topic in academic

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, this study will be answer by the following question:

1. How may the students democratic profile be described in terms of:

2. How may the effects of pandemic be describe in terms of:

3. Is there a significance relationship between the mental health and academic

performance during this pandemic?

4. What are the experiences of grade 12 students during this pandemic?

The following hypothesis will be tested in the study:

-There is no significant relationship between students mental health to their academic

Significance of the study

This study will be beneficial to the following:

changes affect their mental health.

understand the importance of support system inside their homes.

student’s overall wellness is achieved through awareness.

dependent on the effects of mental health of the respondents. A possible relationship of

the IV and DV are explored.

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

Caplans framework proposes at continuum between prevention and treatment as

Anxiety- a feeling of fear, dread, and uneasiness.

The research utilize non experimental descriptive design. Descriptive research is a

Population of the Study

Number of Senior High Students and Per Sex

The psychological impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Grade 12 Senior High

Industrial Arts - Automotive Servicing (AS) 7 0 7

Instrument of the Study

limited to Grade 12 students at San Rafael National Trade School.

The study of survey procedures is what survey methodology is. Survey

methodology is a branch of applied statistics that focuses on human-research surveys. It

more questions that may or may not be answered.

To gather respondents, the researchers will use Simple Random Sampling to

statements provided in the questionnaire.

The answer will be interpreted using the following scale:

Interoretation Equivalent Interpretation

Table 1. Example of Likert Scale

Data Processing and Statistical Treatment

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