Computer On Office Automation Course Book For COA Exam PDF

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20.hhAgile development
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23.
alarrilialarCyber security
ilim alarrilialar
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mm m
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ttttphpttttpp t t t t h h t t p
t p t t t t ttt tt h h t t h
hh h CPU hh –h Central Processing hh h Unit hht hh hh hh hh h
b ebb b ebb b ebb ebw b ebb b b ebb b b b ebb b
Central Processing Unit ebw or the CPU, is ebw the brain of the e ecomputer. Itebbworks eb the same ebw way a e ebw e
ii weviwiw
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v uv ruv uv ur u v u v r v i v uvaruruv ruvru all uruvarur ru ru u v
human ruv uruv brain works. arurlialaru As the brain arurlialarcontrols all ialhuman arurlialaru activities, uriualvaruruthe CPU too arurliacontrols ar lial ila ila
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iitasks. ii alm
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e .m t.mt.m .m m e .
.metm .m tm .m/t/.tm . /.tm / t/.st:m/:/t/.t t .m/t/e.tm
m .me / tm
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t . :
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/ / .
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iilalThe ia l a i l i i l ia l a i
m mi Arithmetic mi Logic m Unit is am made
mi m of two terms, mam arithmeticmiand lamil logic. There mil m are i two i major mi m m m
tt aem/t/atamfunctions that
/ a t/ taem/t/atam
a t/ t e/t/atam
a e/ /ataem/t/at
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a t/ taem/t/atam /tam/ta
a e/ /ataem/
t
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tphst tpt ptphst tptData inserted ps
pt ht tptthrough thehtinput t
tphttp pstptpsprimary memory.
tthe ptphst tpt ttpPerforms tp ps
pt htthe tpt basic t tphtt p tphttp ttp ttp
t
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t ht t h h unit into h t t p h t h t t h t ht t h h h ht h h h
arithmetical operation on it. Like addition, bsubtraction, multiplication, and
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t . mm/tt..m CU – Control
. / t ..m/m//tt..mUnit
t / /t ..m/m//tt..
t / /
/ /tt.:.m/m///tt.. m
t .
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Thehhcontrol unit as name suggests is the hhcontroller of all and
operations. bbeebb All this is bbeperformed inside bbeebb the computer. bbeebb The memory bbeebb unit sendseebbaeebbset of bbeebb
ee eew w ebb w eew w i w w
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r u vv in turn converts
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/ /
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ttaea//ttaain prioritizing //ttaea//tand //ttaea//ttaathe activities.
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e e e//ttaeae//t
ee e eem e ee m eemee ee e ee m
t . mm/tt..mm inside the
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/ t .
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t . m / t ..m/m//tt..mm
t / t
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t
p p t t t p t t t t t t t t t t t p p
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Memory Unit
beebb that haseeto
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bstored bbeebb bbeebb
All the e e ww be processed w eew w or has been i w w i i processed
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e w w w eew w
w w i i w w i
v v iwvviw
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u vvriuiuwvvii u u vvriuiuvvi r u u vvruuvv
r v v iwiwvviw iw
u vvriuiuwvvii uu vvriuiuvvi
unit. ruu rrThe memory
u u alarrilunit
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r ruu rrit to the required
u u alarrilialar part of ilialarriliala
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ithelialariliala ilim iala ilim l iliala m
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mm mm computerttaa/whenever mmttaa m necessary. mm m The memory m a unit works m in sync with mmthe m CPU. This mm mm
/ /ttaea//ttaa / / / / ttaea//ttaa
t / ttaea//ttaa
/ / ttaea//ttaa
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: / / t
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/ : /
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ss ssp ::/s:: ss: ss ss ss ssp
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e e bbeebb e e w eebb eew w w w
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i i w ee bbeebb e e w eew w
w w i w w
v v iwiwvviw iw
u vvriuwiwvvii
r v v iwiwvviw iw
u vv iwiwvvii
u u uu vvriuiuwvvii
u
uu rru Primary aamemory u alar of memory ruu rru u u r r
alarriliala1.
ilim
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l iliala
ilim – This alarrilitype
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i lialariliala a vast amount alarrilialar of data.ilialarriliala
ilim
m m m m m m m m m m m
mm m
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mm
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/
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m
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/ tt..m m/ t
/ .
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/ /
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/ / / / ss::pss / : : :
ss: ss : ssp s s ::// :: / / :: s / : : :
ss: ss : ssp s s
ss::/ss:: ttphpttttptemporary memory
ttphpttttpp or the hmain ttttphphttttp memory. ttttppststttppss ppststttpps ttphpttttpp ttttphphttttp
ttttphpttttpp hh ht t hh htt h hh hht ttt hh ht t h h
hh h hh hh
RAM
b ebb stands forebbRandom ebb Access b ebMemory. b It isebban bexample of primary memory. b ebbThis b ebb b
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ii weviwimemory
w w e is vdirectly i w w e
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i vi w w e
i viwi writing e
i w e
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v rulvaruruvdata to belarurprocessed, uvarur u v u
r urv v i v uv ruv ruvru v uv r u v u
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arurlialaru purposes. i lariuFor
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l arurlialaruRAM a l a and ial arurlialaru ilariular
iilalm l
mtiamm a l mi m l i l mam m i
ilam amil mi m il a i l i mi m l i
m i then to a CPU. e/t/ataem/t/atam
taem/t/the /ataem/t/at amm taem/t/atam /tam/tam taem/t/atam /tam/ta
m
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a
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/ a e / /
t a e / t e t/at e / /
t t
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t a e / /
t a
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e / e e m e/ .me .mte.m e e
t/.st:m/:/t/.t
.
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t/.st:m/:/t/.t :
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t : :/ t /: :
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t . : / t / / : / t /: / / : / / :
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2. pss:Secondary / s:/ memory s:/ s: – As explained s: s above, the /: s/: primary memory s:/ s:/ stores :/ : temporary s:/ s: :s s: s
tp
s:
tphsttptps t t ht tptps
p t tphst tptps
hht h hht h data. Thushht hit cannot beh haccessed in hht hhthe future. h For
t ht h hpermanent h hht h storage h h h h h h
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w
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uvviruv uvruruv r arur vi v v uv ruv
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u
iilalm l a i i
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tptphst tpt There t ptphst tptis nothing to t
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pt htbe tpt amazed by ht
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pt ttpAll t tp the hinformation t
ps
pt ht tpt ttphtt p
h t tphttp ttp ttp
t
ht ht h h h t h t h t h h h h h h
hht h sent h hto the computer h h
once processed is received h h by the user h h h
through the output unit.
h
Devicesebblike eb b printers, monitors, e b b ebb projector, e b b ebb etc. all come ebw e bb
b eunder the output b ebb unit. ebw b ebb b b ebw b ebb
w e w e i w e i w e i w e wi w e i
w w evi wi w e ebw e i w e i e wewe i w e wi e wei
i
w
viruvi v wi vi w v i w vi w uv v i v
uvaruri u v wi
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v i
The u v output unit r u
displaysv r
u uv the data r
u u v ur either in the a r r
u form of a soft u v copy or hard r
u u v r
copy.
u uv uvrThe u r
u u v ur
arurlialaru u
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printeralm i is for the m alm
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m the display. i lialm
The i output unit m alm
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m m m am a m
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am
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a
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e computer. mIte . then converts e/ e form for ethe m e .
:/ t/.tm : user. /: /t/.st:m/:/t/. /: / t/.st:m/:/t/.t s: /:/t/.s:/:/t : / /.tm
t p
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tphst tptps t ptphsttptp t ptphst tptp h t tptphsttpt t p
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s
s
vi w w e
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ilim m
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m
m m m
m m m aa m
m m mm mm
//
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e eem//ttaeae
t..mm/tt..m 1.1.8 Types / tt..m/m//tt..mof computer //tt..m/m//tt.. / /
/ tt.:.m/m///tt..
/
m
t /t
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m
t / / / / / : : / / / / / sstp:pss:
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1.1.8.1 the basis of working
Analog bbeecomputers
bb bbeebb bbeebb eew bbeebb bbeebb bbeebb bbeebb
vvriuiuvvi i
vv iwiwvviw
u
iw
u uvvriuiuwvvi u u vvriuiuvv
r r ru u vvruuvv
r v v iw
u
iw
uu rr u r
alarrilialaare used to r rilala alaidata.liala u u
rilualarr is of continuous alarriliala r natureilialariliala r
ilimalAnalog
arriliala computers ilim alaprocess
ilim i analog
m
ilim
m
Analoglalardata
i i i ilim mm
m m
mttaa discrete or m m m m a a of dataam mttaamm m m m mm mm
/
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ttaea//ttaaand whichee/is ttaea/not
/ / // taa
ttaea//tseparate. Such e e//ttaeae//tttype //tt a includes
/ / temperature. //ttaea//ttaa pressure, //ttaea//ttaa e e//ttaeae//t
ee e / e ee e ee
eecontinuous ee e ee e m
. mm/tt..mm speed weight, ..m/m//tt..mm voltage,//tt..depth mm/tt..mm etc. These / .mm
tt.:.m/m///tt.quantities are. mm/tt..mm tand
..m/m//tt..mmhaving an//tt.infinite .m/m///tt..mm / tt.:.m/m///tt..m
/
t t . / t
/ t / / / / / / : t t . / / / t / / /
:: s/ :
/// /// / ss::/
sst:p:p/of values. tppsst:tp:pss
// :: :: s
ppststttpps /// // /
sst:p:p/ss:: sst:p:p/ss:: ppststttpps
p p sst:p:p/ss:: variety
t p
t p t t t t t t t
t t p p sst:p:p/ss:: t p
t p t t ttp p t t t t t
t t
tt t t hhtt hh t t
hht hh hh hh tt t t hhtt hh t t
hht hh hh hh
hhtt hht hhtt hht
It measures continuous changes in some physical quantity e.g. The Speedometer of a car
bbeebbspeed, the eechange bbeebb bbeebb bbeebb bbeebb eebb
bbweight bbeebb
measures e e w of temperature eew w is measured i w w
eew
i i w by a Thermometer, ee theeew eew w
w w w w i i w w w w i
is measured v v iwvviw
iw
u
iw by Weights
u u vvriuiuwvvii machine. u u r
vvi
vvriuiuThese computers r u
r u vvruuvv are idealvviin
r
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iiBlu-ray l the
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storage capacity of the pen drive generally ranges from 2 GB to 128 GB. Furthermore, it
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