Question 3 1971

Substation supplies the following loads.

a) Lighting load 100KW at unity Power Factor
b) Induction load 300KW at 0.8 power factor and 0.93 efficiency
c) Synchronous motor 500KW with 0.94 efficiency.
Calculate the PF of the Synchronous motor for Sub Station to operate at unity PF.
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All the factors have been calculated and are shown in the diagram below. This is a typical question
that could come up in the exam.
Things to take note of , is that the Wattless component (Kvar) is common to both the inductive load
and the Synchronous load. Also note that the lighting load of 100KW is a heating load and has a PF
of 1 , as shown in the diagram. In order to obtain an economical supply , the Kvar must be reduced
as this costing money and does nothing and the client is paying big money for no return.

Sy
o ad nc
L A Lo hro
e ad no
ctiv KV u s
u .22
Kvar

d
In 403
pf = 0.8
100KW 322.58KW 531.9KW
Lighting Inductive Synchronous
Power Power Power
Question 3 1971
) Lighting Load = 100 KW ; pf 1
b) Inductive Load = 300KW at pf = 0.8 and efficiency .0,93
Input = KW = 300 = 403,22 KVA
effic.x pf 0.93 x 0.8
a
c) Synchronous Load input = KW = 500 = 531.9KW
efficiency 0.94
Kvar is common to loads b and c
Kvar = 403.22√1-pf 2 = 403,22√1-0.8 2 = 241.93Kvar
Tan ϴ = 241.93 = 0.4548 and ϴ = 24.458 deg
531.9
Hence pf for Synchronous load = Cos 24.458 = 0.91
Note :The sketch shows the numbers that have been calculated.
Summerising:
a) =100KW : b) 403.2
2KVA and 322 KW. : c) 531,9 KW
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