Trade Balance of Pakistan & other Asian Countries

Country Imports Exports $ value $ value Trade Year

Balance
Afghanistan Salt, coffee, Rice, $492M $870M 2020
tea, oil seeds, cements,
vegetables, packaged
cotton, fruits medicamen
and nuts, raw ts, citrus,
hides and skins vegetables
etc. oils, wood
fiberboard,
electric
batteries,
bovine
meat etc.

India Vegetables, Salt, $2.15M $2.42M 2020

textile fabric, stones,
paper and cements,
paper board, fruits,
chemicals, leather,
machinery alcohol
(dish wash, 80%.
cleaning,
weaving, air
and vaccine
pumps), oils,
flour, milk.
Pharmaceutical Organic $393.98M $240.47k 2021
products, chemicals,
organic and technical
inorganic medical
chemicals, apparatus,
ships and raw skin
boats. (animal)
leather,
Sulphur,
lime,
cement.
Nepal articles of iron Raw sugar, $3.166M $1.631M 2020
and steals, dates,
leather, animal electro
guts, harness, medical
travel goods, instruments
 inorganic , polythene,
chemicals, textile
precious metal flour,
compounds covering of
used for luxury nylon,
goods, spices, dry
perfumes, apricots,
cosmetics, sports
essential oils. equipment.
Article of iron Oil seed, $2.55M $4.44M 2021
and steel, fruits,
article of grain, seed,
leather, animal fruits,
guts, harness, Edible
travel goods, fruits, nuts,
coffee, tea, peel of
meat, spices. citrus fruit,
melons,
wastes of
food
industry,
animal
fodder.

Saudi Arabia Crude $1.8B $516M 2020

petroleum,
oils,
ethylene
polymers,
raw cotton,
petroleum
gas.
Oil, perfume, Rice, meat, $3.77B $402.81M 2021
cosmetics, tent, sail,
toiletries, food dates.
wasted items,
machinery,
nuclear
reactors,
boilers, edible
food, peels of
lemon fruits.
Hong Kong Ships, boats, tin, iron, $204M $92.6M 2020
raw hides and steel,
skin, oil seeds, rubber,
fruits, articles silk, wheat,
 of cork etc. waste of
food
industry
and animal
fodder etc.
Iron, steel, meat, $66.14M $1.85M 2021
electronic fibers,
equipment’s, cotton,
electrical, copper,
boilers, cereals,
machinery etc. medical
equipment’
s, fruits,
rubber etc.
Bangladesh jute and textile pure woven $46.78M $583M 2020
fibers, tea, cotton,
scrap vessels mixed
etc. woven
cotton,
cement,
etc.
Cotton, $813.22M 2021
nuclear
rubber,
inorganic
chemicals,
raw hides
and skin,
leather etc.

China broad casting pure $20.64B $1.97B 2020

equipment’s, cotton,
electrical refine
transformer, copper,
semiconductor rice, fruits,
devices, steel, seeds
mineral fuels , etc.
boilers etc.
electronic copper, $24.24B $3.03B 2021
equipment’s, cereals,
iron and steel, coal seeds,
organic fruits and
chemicals, nuts, salt
nuclear and
reactors etc. Sulphur,
animals
 fodder etc.
Kenya tea, scrap pure $515M $234M 2020
vessels, dried cotton,
legumes etc. used
clothing,
medical
equipment’
s, rice,
house
linens,
sugar,
stones etc.
Other made rice, used $511.26M $249.53M 2021
textile articles, clothing,
Pharmaceutical fruits,
products, sets, packaged
worn clothing, medicamen
Cereals etc. ts etc.

Singapore Salt, Sulphur, crude $739M $76M 2020

earth, stone, petroleum,
plaster, lime onion,
and cement, refine
Oil seed, oleic petroleum,
fruits, grain, hose linens
seed, fruits etc. etc.

Organic Edible $866.53M $74.68M 2021

chemicals, vegetables
nuclear and certain
reactors, roots and
boilers, tubers,
Essential oils, Articles of
perfumes, apparel,
cosmetics etc. knit or
crocheted
etc.

Indonesia Rice, Semi- $2.43B $190M 2020

Palm Oil, Coal Finished
Briquettes, and Iron, and
Unprocessed Citrus,
Artificial alcohol,
Staple Fibers, heavy pure
rubber etc. woven
cotton etc.
 Manmade Beverages, $4.19B $170.22M 2021
staple fibers, spirits and
Mineral fuels, vinegar,
oils, distillation Aircraft,
products, spacecraft,
Animal, Raw hides
vegetable fats and skins
and oils, and leather,
cleavage cotton etc.
products etc.
Germany  Wheat, Scrap Non-Knit $1.24B $2.13B 2020
Iron, and Men's
Packaged Suits, Hous
Medicaments e Linens,
etc. and Non-
Knit
Women's
Suits etc.

Miscellaneous Articles of $1.01B $1.56B 2021

chemical apparel, not
products, knit or
Machinery, crocheted,
nuclear other made
reactors, textile
boilers, articles,
Electrical, sets, worn
electronic clothing,
equipment etc. Articles of
apparel,
knit or
crocheted
etc.

japan Hot-Rolled Non-Retail $1.23B $239M 2020

Iron, Cars, and Pure
Motor Cotton
vehicles, parts Yarn,
and Alcohol,
accessories, and
machinery etc. Refined
Petroleum,
article of
apparel etc.
Vehicles other Ores slag $2.18B $202.31M 2021
than railway, and ash,
 tramway, Articles of
Machinery, iron or
nuclear steel,
reactors, cotton,
boilers, Iron Products of
and steel etc. animal
origin etc.

Italy Machinery, rice, $521M $731M 2020

mechanical leather,
appliances, ethanol,
Vehicles other textile, raw
than railway or hides and
tramway, skins,
electrical organic
equipment’s chemicals
etc. etc.
organic manmade $561.14M $891.17M 2021
chemicals, staple
iron, steel, fibers,
machinery, leather,
mineral fuels ethanol,
and oils textile, raw
products etc. hides and
skins etc.
Spain prepared non-knit $210M $953M 2202
pigments, toys, women
games, article suits, house
of leather, iron, linens,
steel etc. non-knit
men suits,
knit shirts
and
sweaters
etc.
Other made non-knit $615.33 1.02B 2021
textile articles, women M
sets, worn suits, house
clothing, toys, linens,
games, article non-knit
of leather, iron, men suits,
steel etc. knit shirts
and
sweaters,
cotton,
article of
 apparels
etc.
United States Raw Umbrellas, $2.78B $4.04B 2020
Cotton, Soybea walking-
ns, and Scrap sticks, seat-
Iron, edible sticks,
products, whips, tin,
aluminum, mineral
aircraft, and oils
spacecraft etc. products
etc.
Dairy products, Other made $3.83B $6.08B 2021
eggs, honey, textile
edible articles,
products, sets, worn
aluminum, clothing,
aircraft, cotton,
spacecraft, article of
manmade apparel,
staple fibers article of
etc. leather,
plastic etc.

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY

1. Pakistan-Afghanistan

Pakistan and Afghanistan are largest trading partners among each other. According to the

agreement which was signed in 2010 to make strong trade relations and facilitate each

other. But still they need to make their trade facilities more strengthen by improving

streamlined payments, documentations and tax collections etc.

 Imports / Exports

Afghanistan is importing less while exporting more which is a good indicator for growth of

their economy on the other hand it is not a good indicator for Pakistan economy as it is

making Pakistan trade balance deficit

  Major reasons

 Political tension in Pakistan always affects the trading activities.

 A burden of debts on Pakistan

 Lack of foreign exchange reserves

2. Pakistan-India

Pakistan and India have bilateral trade relationship as both countries don’t have a good

relation and reputation since last seven decades but still both countries are giving trading

facilities to each other for their economy development.

 Imports / Exports

In 2020 India have less imports and more exports which make their balance of payment

surplus and Pakistan trade balance surplus which is a not good indicator while in 2021 Indian

imports has a large increase and causes a very major difference between their import and

export and this make their balance of payment deficit and Pakistan balance of payment

surplus which is good indicator for Pakistan economy

 Major reason

 Trade is always linked to politics

 Both are developing countries

 Difference in value of currency

3. Pakistan-Nepal:

Pakistan's total exports to Nepal are worth US$ 1.631 million while Nepal's exports to

Pakistan are $3.166 million. Both countries have recently stepped up efforts to promote

bilateral trade. Pakistan also offered a US$5 million line of credit to Nepal.
  Imports / Exports:

In 2020 , Pakistan's exports are less while imports are more making the trade balance deficit

but in 2021, Pakistan's condition improved and their exports increased than their imports and

made the trade balance surplus which is a good indicator showing the growth of the country's

economy.

 Major reasons

 High inflation rate

 Political conditions

 Foreign direct investment.

4. Pakistan-Saudi Arabia:

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia are the two Muslim countries and have friendly relations with

each other. Saudi Arabia always help Pakistan when they need it. Saudi Arabia is a rich

country due to the high reserves of oil there, so they don't import much from Pakistan but

they export many products to Pakistan. Therefore the trade of balance is always deficit for

Pakistan in case of Saudi Arabia as there is a huge difference between their imports and

exports.

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, the trade balance of Pakistan was in deficit and in 2021, the trade of balance was

also deficit for Pakistan as the biggest product which Pakistan imports from Saudi Arabia is
oil which is quite an expensive product, Pakistan can't match with their products which they

exports to Saudi Arabia.

 Major reasons

 Poor management

 Less resources

 Political instability

5. Pakistan-Bangladesh

Bangladesh gained independence in 1971 after previously being a part of Pakistan and

known as East Pakistan. Pakistan and Bangladesh are both Muslim-majority countries in

South Asia. Pakistan-Bangladesh ties have improved over the years. Pakistan envisions a

strong and amicable relationship with Bangladesh.

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Pakistan exported $583M to Bangladesh. The main products exported

from Pakistan to Bangladesh were Heavy Pure Woven Cotton ($263M), Cement ($73.2M),

and Heavy Mixed Woven Cotton ($67.2M). During the last 25 years the exports of Pakistan

to Bangladesh have increased at an annualized rate of 4.23%, from $207M in 1995 to $583M

in 2020.In 2020, Bangladesh exported $57.9M to Pakistan. The main products exported

from Bangladesh to Pakistan were Jute and Other Textile Fibers ($43.4M), Tea ($2.27M),

and Scrap Vessels ($2.25M). During the last 25 years the exports of Bangladesh to Pakistan

have increased at an annualized rate of 2.82%, from $28.9M in 1995 to $57.9M in 2020.

 Major reasons
  Demand of Electronics in Bangladesh

 Demand of Halal food in Bangladesh

6. Pakistan-Hong Kong

Hong Kong and Pakistan were both British colonies until 1947, when Pakistan gained

independence from the United Kingdom, and the United Kingdom left Hong Kong in 1997. In

Hong Kong, a Pakistan Consulate was built in Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island.

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Hong Kong exported $204M to Pakistan. The main products that Hong Kong exported

to Pakistan are Broadcasting Equipment ($119M), Scrap Iron ($30.5M), and Semiconductor

Devices ($2.53M). During the last 25 years the exports of Hong Kong to Pakistan have increased

at an annualized rate of 4.06%, from $75.4M in 1995 to $204M in 2020. In 2020, Hong

Kong did not export any services to Pakistan. In 2020, Pakistan exported $92.6M to Hong Kong.

The main products that Pakistan exported to Hong Kong were Ethylene

Polymers ($19.1M), Tanned Equine and Bovine Hides ($6.09M), and Edible Offal ($5.91M).

During the last 25 years the exports of Pakistan to Hong Kong have decreased at an annualized

rate of 7.19%, from $598M in 1995 to $92.6M in 2020.

7. Pakistan-China

The China-Pakistan relationship was built in the aftermath of the 1962 Sino-Indian border

dispute. With little hope of a China-India rapprochement on the border, India became a strategic

concern for both countries.

  Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Pakistan exported $1.97B to China. The main products that Pakistan exported

to China are Non-Retail Pure Cotton Yarn ($567M), Refined Copper ($326M),

and Rice ($237M). During the last 25 years the exports of Pakistan to China have increased at an

annualized rate of 9.26%, from $215M in 1995 to $1.97B in 2020. In 2020, Pakistan did not

export any services to China. In 2020, China exported $14.7B to Pakistan. The main products

that China exported to Pakistan were Broadcasting Equipment ($1.2B), Electrical

Transformers ($414M), and Semiconductor Devices ($372M). During the last 25 years the

exports of China to Pakistan have increased at an annualized rate of 13.5%, from $616M in 1995

to $14.7B in 2020. In 2020, China did not export any services to Pakistan.

 Major reasons

 Trade is mutually beneficial

 Sharing borders

 CPEC

8. Pakistan-Kenya

Pakistan and Kenya have close and cordial connections that date back centuries. Both countries

hold similar views on most international problems and have backed each other up in numerous

international forums.

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Pakistan exported $234M to Kenya. The main products exported

from Pakistan to Kenya were Rice ($132M), Used Clothing ($25.5M), and Packaged

Medicaments ($9.2M). During the last 23 years the exports of Pakistan to Kenya have

increased at an annualized rate of 12.4%, from $15.9M in 1997 to $234M in 2020.In

2020, Kenya exported $515M to Pakistan. The main products exported

from Kenya to Pakistan were Tea ($495M), Dried Legumes ($11.7M), and Scrap

Vessels ($1.62M). During the last 23 years the exports of Kenya to Pakistan have increased

at an annualized rate of 7.98%, from $88.1M in 1997 to $515M in 2020.

9. Pakistan-Singapore

On the economic front, Singapore and Pakistan have limited commercial ties. Pakistan

exports approximately US$87 million to Singapore and imports approximately US$1.28

billion, with Pakistan mainly acquiring value-added commodities from Singapore. "We must

overcome this trade imbalance by diversifying our exports to Singapore."

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Pakistan exported $76M to Singapore. The main products exported

from Pakistan to Singapore were Crude Petroleum ($21.8M), Onions ($4.93M), and House

Linens ($4.58M). During the last 25 years the exports of Pakistan to Singapore have

increased at an annualized rate of 0.73%, from $63.3M in 1995 to $76M in 2020. In

2020, Singapore exported $739M to Pakistan. The main products exported

from Singapore to Pakistan were Refined Petroleum ($216M), Scented Mixtures ($49.3M),

and Scrap Vessels ($42.3M). During the last 25 years the exports of Singapore to Pakistan

have increased at an annualized rate of 3.66%, from $301M in 1995 to $739M in 2020.

10. Pakistan-Indonesia
Pakistan and Indonesia have a long history of mutual respect and support at the regional and

global levels. In 1950, Pakistan established diplomatic ties with Indonesia. In 2020, both

countries will commemorate 70 years of diplomatic relations.

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Indonesia exported $2.43B to Pakistan. The main products exported

from Indonesia to Pakistan were Palm Oil ($1.62B), Coal Briquettes ($183M),

and Unprocessed Artificial Staple Fibers ($102M). During the last 25 years the exports of

Indonesia to Pakistan have increased at an annualized rate of 12.8%, from $119M in 1995 to

$2.43B in 2020. In 2020, Pakistan exported $190M to Indonesia. The main products exported

from Pakistan to Indonesia were Rice ($40.6M), Semi-Finished Iron ($40.1M),

and Citrus ($22.7M). During the last 25 years the exports of Pakistan to Indonesia have

increased at an annualized rate of 2.93%, from $92.4M in 1995 to $190M in 2020.

11. Pakistan-Germany

Pakistan and Germany have enjoyed warm friendly relations since the establishment of their

diplomatic ties in 1951. Pakistan was one of the first Asian countries to establish relations

with Federal Republic of Germany (Which had currently been West Germany).

 Imports / Exports:

In 2020, Germany exported $1.24B to Pakistan. The main products

that Germany exported to Pakistan are Wheat ($82.2M), Scrap Iron ($47.3M),

and Packaged Medicaments ($44.1M). During the last 25 years the exports of

Germany to Pakistan have increased at an annualized rate of 2.87%, from $609M in

 1995 to $1.24B in 2020. In 2020, Germany did not export any services to Pakistan. In

2020, Pakistan exported $2.13B to Germany. The main products

that Pakistan exported to Germany were Non-Knit Men's Suits ($411M), House

Linens ($369M), and Non-Knit Women's Suits ($185M). During the last 25 years the

exports of Pakistan to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 5.04%, from

$624M in 1995 to $2.13B in 2020. In 2020, Pakistan did not export any services

to Germany.

12. Pakistan-Japan

13. Pakistan-Italy

14. Pakistan-Spain

15. Pakistan-United States