(ii) (a) LJ (b) MJ

 1 0 
DC2D =  returns the object to (c) K2 (d) JLK
 0 1 
its original position  8 −4 
5 (i)  −3 12  (ii) (32, −33)
Answers

(iii) For example, B4, C2 or D2  0 1 

6 Possible transformations are B =    , 
 1 0   −1 0   −1 0 
2 (i) X =  0 −1  Y= 
   0 1  which is a rotation of 90° clockwise about the
origin, followed by
 −1 0 
(ii) XY =  0 −1  , rotation of 180°
   3 0 
A=  , which is a stretch of scale factor
 0 1 
about the origin
3 parallel to the x-axis. The order of these is
 −1 0  important as performing A followed by B leads
(iii) YX =  0 −1   0 1 
to the matrix  . Could also have
(iv) When considering the effect on the unit  −3 0 
vectors i and j, as each transformation only  1 0 
affects one of the unit vectors the order of B =  0 3  . which represents a stretch of
 
the transformations is not important in this
case. factor 3 parallel to the y-axis, followed by
 0 1 
A=    ,  which represents a rotation
3
 −1 0 
P= 
 0 1 
Q=   −1 0 
 1 0 
(i)
 0 −1  of 90° clockwise about the origin; again the
order is important.
 0 −1 
(ii) PQ =  , reflection in the line  1 0 
 −1 0  7 (i) PQ = 
y = −x  −3 −1 

 0 −1   1 0 
QP =  −1 0  (ii) P =  0 −1  represents a reflection in
(iii)  
(iv) The matrix P has the effect of making the the x-axis.
coordinates of any point the negative of  1 0 
Q=  represents a shear with the
their original values,  3 1 
i.e. ( x, y )   → (−x, − y ) y-axis fixed; point B(1,1) has image (1,–4).
 1 1 
The matrix Q interchanges the coordinates,
 2 2 
i.e. ( x, y )  → ( y, x ) 8 X=  
 1 − 1 
It does not matter what order these two  2 2 
transformations occur as the result will be A matrix representing a rotation about the
the same  cos θ − sin θ 
 1 0 0   1 0 0  origin has the form   and so
 sin θ cos θ 
4 (i) J=  0 1 0  K =  0 0 −1   
    the entries on the leading diagonal would be
 0 0 −1   0 1 0  equal. That is not true for matrix X and so this
 −1 0 0   0 0 1  cannot represent a rotation.
L=  0 1 0  M=  0 1 0   0 1 0 
   
 0 0 1   −1 0 0  9 Y=  1 0 0 
 
 0 0 1 

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