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CHAPTER 5

Exact First-Order
Differential Equations
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=
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∂ g ( x , y)
= M ( x , y)
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∂ g( x, y)
= N ( x , y)
∂y

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1 x dy − y dx y
\ G[ ² [ G\ − = d 
[2 x x

1 y dx − x dy x
\ G[ ² [ G\ = d 
\2 y y

x dy − y dx  y
\ G[ ² [ G\ − = d  ln 
xy xy  x

1 x dy − y dx  y
\ G[ ² [ G\ − = d  arctan 
x 2 + y2 x 2 + y2  x 

y dx + x dy
\ G[ + [ G\ = d (ln xy)
xy xy

1 y dx + x dy  −1 
\ G[ + [ G\ , n >1 = d n −1 
( xy) n ( xy)n  ( n − 1)( xy ) 

1 y dy + x dx 1 
\ G\ + [ G[ = d  ln( x 2 + y 2 ) 
x 2 + y2 x +y
2 2
2 

1 y dy + x dx  −1 
\ G\ + [ G[ , n >1 =d 2 n −1 
( x 2 + y2 )n ( x 2 + y2 )n  2(n − 1)( x + y ) 
2

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