‫الهمزة‬

Note: read the rules first to understand the table below.

Sukoun Fattha Damma Kassra ‫في حالة السكون‬ ‫في حالة الكسر‬

X ‫َأسعد‬ ‫ُأريد‬ ‫إنكسار‬ At the beginning X ‫إ‬

‫قراءة‬ ‫كَْأس‬ ‫ُشؤون‬ ‫بِْئر‬ In the middle ‫ء‬ ‫ ـئـ‬/ ‫ئـ‬

‫بدء‬ ‫بدأ‬ ‫تباطؤ‬ ‫شاطئ‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ئ‬

ْ َ ُ at the end

the stronget sign is the Kassra then the damma then the fatha then the s
Kassra > Damma > Fattha >

Rule 1#At the beginning of the word, the sign of the letter ‫ ء‬decides the shape of how the hamza is written
Rule 2# In the middle of the word, we compare the sign of the letter ‫ ء‬with the sign of the letter before it and the
strongest sign decides the shape of how the hamza is written

Rule 3# At the end of the word, the sign of the letter before the ‫ ء‬decides the shape of how the hamza is written

Rule 4# In the middle of the word, if the ‫ ء‬comes after alef or waw ( ‫ و‬/ ‫ )ا‬it will be written on the line. Ex. is lightened in yellow

Rule 5# In the middle of the word, if the ‫ ء‬comes after ‫ي‬

ْ (yaa+sukoun) the hamza will be written on the ‫ـئـ‬
Rule6# At the end of the word, if the ‫ ء‬comes after (‫ ي‬/ ‫ و‬/ ‫ )ا‬the hamza will be written on the line.
 ‫في حالة الكسر‬ ‫في حالة الضم‬ ‫في حالة الفتح‬

‫إ‬ ‫ُأ‬ ‫َأ‬ ‫في أول الكلمة‬

‫ ـئـ‬/ ‫ئـ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ‫ـأ‬ ‫في وسط الكلمة‬
‫ئ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ‫ـأ‬ ‫في آخر الكلمة‬

en the fatha then the sukoun

Sukoun

is written
ex. ‫ ُس ِء ل‬so the two signs are damma and kassra.
Kassra is stronger than the damma so the hamza
before it and the will be written on the ‫ــئـ‬. The word is‫ ُس ـِئل‬.

hamza is written

e line. Ex. is lightened in yellow above

n on the ‫ـئـ‬ ex. ‫هيَْئة بــــيَْئة‬

ne. ex. ‫ي ســماء هدوء‬
‫مض ء‬