UNDERSTANDING ENGLISH TESES

This paper is prepared to fulfill the Short Semester Course assignment English Lenguage 3

Arranged by:

Fathu Rizki

1184020057

KOMUNIKASI DAN PENYIARAN ISLAM

FAKULTAS DAKWAH DAN KOMUNIKASI
UIN SUNAN GUNUNG DJATI
BANDUNG
2023

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 FOREWORD

Praise be to the presence of Allah SWT, who with His mercy and grace we can finish this
paper on time. The title of this paper is “Understanding English Teses” We do not forget to
express our deepest gratitude to the English 3 subject lecturer who has given us this assignment.
We would also like to thank those who helped in the preparation of this paper.

The purpose of preparing this paper is to fulfill the value of assignments in the short
semester of English 3 courses. In addition, the preparation of this paper also aims to add
knowledge and insight, especially for us in general for readers.

Due to limited time and ability from us, we realize that in making this paper there are no
errors or deficiencies. Therefore, constructive criticism and suggestions from supervisors and
friends are always expected to improve this paper. Hopefully this paper can be useful for us in
particular and other interested parties in general.

Bandung, 25 January 2023

Writer

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Backround
English is international language. If we can speak English well, we can
communicate with all people in the world. And then we also can get insight and science
for our nation, we can read English literature, listen international radio, and watch
international movie. So, we can get sciences for all category.
Not only to add skill international language, learn English make easier to get a
job. Speak international language give as many advantage for every one. Make us ready
to stay anywhere. Therefore, it is necessary to learn grammar or tenses in English so
that we can speak English more easy. We also understand how to make sentence
correctly.

B. Question of The Problems

1. What the definition from tenses?
2. What the formula from tenses?
3. What the example from tenses?
C. Objectives
1. To know definition from tenses.
2. To know formula from tenses.
3. To know example from tenses.

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 CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL STUDY

A. Definition, Formula and Example Of 16

1. Simple Present Tense

The simple present is a verb tense with two main uses. We use the simple present
tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly,
which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite). Depending on the person, the simple
present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding ?s or ?es to the end.
Formula and Examples
• (+) Subject + verb 1 (+ s/es) + object / Subject + to be (am/is/are) + adjective/adverb
• (+) I use social media / She likes eating out / She is very polite and kind
• (-) Subject + do/does not + verb 1 + … / Subject + to be (am/is/are) + not +
adjective/adverb
• (-) They do not use social media / She is not very polite and kind
• (?) Do/does + subject + verb 1 + object? / To be (am/is/are) + subject +
adjective/adverb?
• (?) Does he use social media? / Is she polite and kind?
2. Present Continuous Tense
The present continuous tense is used for actions happening now or for an action that
is unfinished. This tense is also used when the action is temporary.
Formula & Example :
• (+) Subject + be (am/is/are) + verb (-ing) + …
• (+) She is sleeping right now / We are studying today
• (-) Subject +be (am/is/are) + not + verb (-ing) + …
• (-) She is not sleeping right now / We are not studying today
• (?) Be (am/is/are) + subject + verb (-ing) + …?
• (?) Is she sleeping right now? / Are we studying today?
3. Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is a verb tense used to express actions that occurred at a
non-specific time. The present perfect tense is also used to express actions that started in
the past but continue to the present.

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 Formula & Example :

• (+) I/You/We/They + have + verb 3 / He/She/It + has + verb 3

They have lived in Jakarta for a long time / He has learned English for one year

• (-) I/You/We/They + have + not + verb 3 / He/She/It + has + not + verb 3

They have not lived in Jakarta for a long time / He has not learned English for one year

• (?)Have + I/You/We/They + verb 3? /Has + He/She/It + verb 3?

Have they lived in Jakarta for a long time? / Has he learned English for one year?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive
tense) shows that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time. The
present perfect continuous is formed using the construction has/have been + the present
participle (root + -ing).

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + has / have + been + verb-ing

They have been working together since senior high school. / She has been working at
that company for three years.

• (-) Subject + has / have + not + been + verb-ing

It has not been raining for three days / I have not been living in America since 2003.

• (?) Has/have + subject + been + verb-ing?

Have you been eating this egg for an hour? / Has he been playing cricket for two hours?

5. Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense verbs—also called past simple or preterit—show action that
occurred and was completed at a particular time in the past. The simple past tense of regular
verbs is marked by the ending -d or -ed. Irregular verbs have a variety of endings. The
simple past is not accompanied by helping verbs. “The simple past tense is often used with
an adverbial phrase that specifies a time in the past, such as yesterday, last year, (or) an
hour ago,” according to “Complete English Grammar Rules.”

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + verb 2 + object Subject + to be (was/were) + adjective/adverb

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 We attended the festival last week / She was absent yesterday.

• (-) Subject + did not + infinitive verb + object Subject + was/were + not +
adjective/adverb

We did not attend the festival last week / She was not absent yesterday.

• (?) Did + subject + infinitive verb + object?/ Was/were + subject + adjective/adverb?

Did they attend the festival last week? / Was she absent yesterday?

6. Past Continuous Tense

The past continuous tense, also known as the past progressive tense, refers to a
continuing action or state that was happening at some point in the past. The past continuous
tense is formed by combining the past tense of to be (i.e., was/were) with the verb’s present
participle (ing word).

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + be (was/were) + verb (-ing) + …<

She was waiting for you yesterday / They were discussing my birthday party.

• (-) Subject +be (was/were) + not + verb (-ing) + …

She was not waiting for you yesterday / They were not discussing my birthday party.

• (?) Be (was/were) + subject + verb (-ing) + …?

Was she waiting for you yesterday? / Were they discussing my birthday party?

7. Past Perfect Tense

The past perfect tense is a verb tense used to express actions that occurred in the
past that finished before another action in the past started.

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + had + verb 3

They had studied.

• (-) Subject + had + not + verb 3

They had not studied.

• (?) Had+ subject + verb 3?

Had they studied?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

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 The past perfect continuous tense (also known as the past perfect progressive tense)
shows that an action that started in the past continued up until another time in the past. The
past perfect continuous tense is constructed using had been + the verb’s present participle
(root + -ing).

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object

He had been living in Jakarta about ten years.

• (-) Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object

He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years.

• (?) Had + subject + been + object ?

Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years?

9. Simple Future Tense

In English grammar, the simple future is a form of the verb that refers to an action
or event that has not yet begun. As illustrated below (in Examples and Observations), the
simple future is also used to make a prediction or to show ability, intention, or
determination. Also called the future simple.

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + will/shall + Verb 1 + Object Subject + be + going to + Verb 1 + Object

I will leave it. / I am going to leave it.

• (-) Subject + will/shall + not + Verb 1 + Object Subject + be + not + going to + Verb 1
+ Object

I will not leave it. / I am not going to leave it.

• (?) Will + Subject + Verb 1? Be + Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Object?

Will I leave it? / Am I going to leave it?

10. Future Continuous Tense

The future continuous tense, sometimes also referred to as the future progressive
tense, is a verb tense that indicates that something will occur in the future and continue for
an expected length of time. It is formed using the construction will + be + the present
participle (the root verb + -ing).

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + will + be +verb-ing

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 Mikaela will be running in a marathon race this Sunday morning.

• (-) Subject + will + be + not + verb-ing

Erika will not be competing against Mikaela in the race when the race starts.

• (?) Will + subject + be + verb-ing

Will Sunny and Rain be watching Mikaela race this Sunday evening?

11. Future Perfect Tense

The future perfect tense expresses action that will be finished at some point in the
future. The future perfect tense indicates actions that are complete, or finished. These
actions have not yet occurred but will occur and be finished in the future.

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement / Subject + shall/will + have +

verb III + object

I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

• (-)Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement / Subject + shall/will + not + have

+ verb III + object

I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

• (?) Shall/will + subject + been + complement / Shall/will + subject + have + verb III
+ object?

Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

The future perfect continuous, also sometimes called the future perfect progressive,
is a verb tense that describes actions that will continue up until a point in the future. The
future perfect continuous consists of will + have + been + the verb’s present participle (verb
root + -ing).

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object

My grandmother will have been visiting us tomorrow morning.

• (-) Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object

My grandmother will not have been visiting us tomorrow morning.

• (?) Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?

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 Will your grandmother have been visiting you tomorrow morning?

13. Simple Past Future Tense

It is used to express the ‘idea’ that in the past an action/event was predicted,
planned, promised, expected or obliged to be done in the future of past, doesn’t matter if
the idea is correct or not.

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + should/would + be + object / Subject + should/would + verb I + object

He should be in Banten next month.

• (-) Subject + should/would + not + be + object / Subject + should/would + not + verb

+ object

He should not be in Banten next month.

• (?) Should/would + subject + be + object / Should/would + subject + verb I + object

Would you be pick up when I arrive at the station tomorrow?

14. Past Future Continuous Tense

Past Future Continuous Tense is used to express about the idea’ that in the past
action/event was predicted, planned, promised, expected or obliged to be happening (being
continued) in a certain period in the past future, or while simultaneously another
action/event happened or was also happening (being continued) in the same period in the
past future, regardless the fact that idea was not proved to be true.

Formula & Example :

• (+) Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing + object

I would be singing Indonesian anthem last Monday.

• (-) Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object

My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week

• (?) Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing + object?

Should I be singing Indonesian anthem last Monday?

15. Past Future Perfect Tense

It is used to express the ‘idea’ in the past that an action/event was predicted,
planned, promised, expected or obliged to have been done completely before/ by a certain
time in the future (of past), or before/while another action/event happened in the future of
past, regardless the fact that the idea has not been proved to be true.

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 Formula & Example :

• (+) S + would/should/could/may/might/must + have + past participle (verb-3)

She would have worked / They would have been

• (-) S + would/should/could/may/might/must + not + have + past participle (verb-3)

She wouldn’t have worked / They wouldn’t have been

• (?) would/should/could/may/might/must + S + have + past participle (verb-3)

Would she have worked / Would they have been

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an action or imaginary

situation that would have been happening in the past. The verb of Past Future Perfect
Continuous Tense is in progress at a certain point or during certain periods in the past. Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tenses are suppositions or assumptions, referring to the actors
in the sentence just assumed the sentence stated by it.

Formula & Example :

• (+) S + would + have + been + present participle (-ing)

I/you/she/he/it would have been driving.

They/we would have been working.

• (-) S + would + not + have + been + present participle (-ing)

I/you/she/he/it would not have been driving.

They/we would not have been working.

• (?) Would + S + have + been + present participle (-ing)

Would I/you/she/he/it have been driving.

Would they/we have been working.

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 CHAPTER III

CONLUSION AND RECOMENDATION

Conlusion

From the discussion above I can conclude that the tenses is a form of the verb
in the English language to indicate the time (present, future, or past) the occurrence of
an act or event. The types of tenses is divided into three parts, the Present Tense, Future
Tense and Past Tense. Present Tense itself consists of the Simple Present Tense, Present
Continues Tense and Present Perfect Tense. While Future Tense comprises Simple
Future Tense, Future Continuous Tense, Future Perfect Tense, Future Perfect
Continuous Tense and. Then the latter consisting of Past Tense Future Past Tense,
Future Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Future Tense, Past and Future Perfect
Continuous Tense.

Recomendation

Similarly, we can describe the material that is the subject of this proposal, of
course, there are still many shortcomings and weaknesses, because it lacks of the
knowledge and the reference. Author much hope dear readers, providing constructive
criticism and suggestions for the perfect proposal to the author in the writing of the
proposal in the next opportunities. Hopefully this paper is useful for writers in particular
are also dear readers in general. Such review this time, may be useful for you and also
inspire.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.studiobelajar.com
www.grammarly.com
www.writingexplained.org
www.squline.com/belajar-16-tenses-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

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