ROSALIE Q. CAPISTRANO, RRT, RPO 2. What is values formation?

VALUES FORMATION
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define what value is;
2. What is values formation?;
3. What is the importance for values?;
4. Can values be taught?;
5. Are values subjective or objective?;
6. Are values permanent or changeable?;
7. Filipino values in a public service setting.
Value formation is the union of our personal experiences, traditions and
the culture we are entwined in. Values are imposed from our family in childhood
and reinforced through culture and life experiences. For example, honesty is
honed by our parent’s ever since childhood and loyalty is something we learn in
school once we start creating any sort of relationship with people around us.
One’s culture plays a huge role in one’s value formation. It gives people a
community of shared reality, that enables us to cooperate in activities and
customs that gives meaningful purpose and significance to our existence
The main functions of values are as follows:

1. Define what value is;
A person's principles or standards of behavior; one's judgment of what is
important in life.
Generally values means moral ideas, general conceptions or orientation towards
the world or simple interests, attitudes, principles, needs and dispositions.
However, sociologists use this term in a more precise sense which has the
connotations of rightness goodness or inherent desirability.
Values define what is worthwhile. Sometimes, values have been interpreted to
mean the standards by which the ends of action are selected. It is a collective
conception of what is considered good, desirable, and proper or bad and
undesirable and improper in a culture.
According to M. Haralambos (2000), "a value is a belief that something is good
and desirable". For. K. Mukerjee (1949) "values are socially approved desires
and goals that are internalized through the process of conditioning, learning or
socialization and that becomes objective preferences, standards and
aspirations." A value is a shared idea about how something is rank in terms of
desirability worth or goodness.
Examples of values that are useful in public service are honesty, loyalty,
independence, integrity, camaraderie, and passion.
1. It is essential in the integration and fulfillment of man's impulses and desires in
a stable and consistent approach that is suitable for one’s way of life;
2. These are generic experiences through social interactions made up of
individual responses and attitudes
3. They build up societies and integrate social relations
4. Values mold the ideal dimensions of personality and range and depth culture
5. They influence people’s behavior and serve as a criteria for evaluating the
actions of others
6. They have a great role to play conduct of social life
7. They help in creating norms to guide dated behavior
TYPES OF VALUES
Values can be classified into two broad categories, first, that of human
personality or individual norms of recognition and protection of the human
personality, examples are loyalty, veracity and honor. Second, collective values
connected with the solidarity of the community or collective norms of equality,
justice, solidarity and sociable nests.
3. What is the importance of values?
Values greatly influences ones thoughts, actions and beliefs. They help one to be
authentic and conduct themselves properly in different social settings. While one
may not always be aware of their values, knowing what they believe in and how it
can help in making decisions that is most suitable to ones values.

Knowing what your values are can also help you find job opportunities that align
with your deeply held beliefs and can help you feel more confident in doing a
task. Understanding more about your values can help you become more
prepared to make decisions for yourself and inspire you to become the person
you'd like to be as you begin your career.
Values can improve your problem-solving and decision-making skills
Understanding the things you value most has the potential to help you better
handle stressful situations that can sometimes impair your ability to solve
problems and make decisions. When you're in a challenging situation, consider
how you can use your values to make a choice.
Values can help you realize what's most important
By identifying a few of your most important values, you can better focus on what
matters most to you and remove the things in your life that aren't as meaningful
to you or don't really depict who you are and what you want to become. To
identify what these things are, you can pay extra attention to the choices you
make every day and take notes of the things that are most important to you. As
you begin to understand your values better, you may find that your time becomes
more meaningful.
Values can help you increase your self-confidence
Self-confidence helps to prepare you to perform your best at job interviews and in
the workplace after earning the position. When you understand who you are and
what you believe, you can gain more self-confidence because you're more likely
to make the right decisions. Having self-confidence can enhance your ability to
solve complex problems, overcome obstacles others may present to you either
during an interview or at work. It can also help you communicate with others
around you in a more natural way, including peers, colleagues and supervisors.
4. Can values be taught?
Yes. As a matter of fact, values should be instilled from childhood in order for
them to become strong habits. When values become habits; only then that they
become a part of one’s character and personality. From childhood, Teachers and
parents are the role models we look up to; they need to exhibit good values so
that they may transmit them to others, especially their students or children. We
need values for success in every stage and walk of life. If we lie; cheat or use
dirty techniques like nepotism in academics or professional life; then surely we
need to rethink our learned values and unlearn them in order to instill new ones
that will result to fairness and maintenance of one’s integrity, especially when it
comes to one’s career or passion.
5. Are values subjective or objective?
In this question, we have 2 views:
First, value Is Objective.
The objectivist believes that value is a property of the object itself, independent of
any particular subject's judgment thereof and a subjective judgment of the
object's value is correct only to the extent that it corresponds with the true
objective value of the object at the particular place and time of judgment. An
object may have value whether or not a subject even considers it. That objectivist
belief is non-normative in the sense that it does not say whether any particular
object or class of objects is good or bad, right or wrong. But the objectivist
usually has normative beliefs as well, beliefs about what is good or bad, right or
wrong.
Second, value Is Subjective.
The subjectivist believes that value is not a property of the object itself, but is
merely assigned or imputed to the object by the judgment of the subject. A
subject could be wrong about the value of the object, but that would not be
because he was not in agreement with some value property of the object, which
does not exist. An object has no value, positive or negative, unless a subject
bestows value on it by her judgment.
6. Are values permanent or changeable?
We all have values. They are the qualities and ideas that help guide our behavior
and define who we are. Our values come from our beliefs, and are formed by
various means.
Yes they change –
1. Over time, repeated positive engagement of values is likely to strengthen
them. Our lives provide continual opportunities for the growth of certain values.
Our lives also sometimes put constraints on certain values.
2. New knowledge about existing problems or techniques and completely new
areas of work has also led to change in values.
3. Core values also exists. However even those are changing at least in the
intensity.
4. We often see resistance to change of values from older generations.
5. Large-scale, widespread changes in values have been observed across the
world at different times and have been attributed to different factors like -
education, the rising use of new technologies, political discourse that stresses
universalism, benevolence values, social justice, equality, peace,
environmentalism, etc.
No they do not –
1. Values as such do not change. Only their expression changes depending on
circumstances and situations.
2. We can find values like peace, kindness, hard work, perseverance, etc. still
relevant to the same degree as from age old times.
3. Values are essential to build ourselves. We build ourselves to survive in the
world and create a society. Since values needed to build a good society are
constant or similar, values can be said to be constant, similar or universal as
each of us tries to build a good society.
4. “Open your arms to change but don't let go of your values.” - The 14th Dalai
Lama.
Conclusion
The conclusion is that values can and do change, though certain core values
may be unaltered over a long period of time. These core values can be called as
primarily values and the changing ones secondary values. The changes which
occur in secondary values are due to changes in knowledge, changes in social
and cultural values and norms, and changes arising through an individual’s
personal experience of life.
7. Filipino values in a public service setting; Here are some of the common
traits and values the country is known for:
Family Oriented service
Filipinos are known to have strong family ties. The family is at the center of the
Filipino community. This value is exhibited in privileges given in public service
such as priority for senior citizens, treating constituents as relatives and people
we care about, especially in a local government setting where communities are
familiar with each other. This value that most Filipinos put into caring for one’s
family can also be seen as one of the reasons why medical care staff from the
country provide their patients and clients with a high level of care.
Humor and positivity
Optimism, humor, and positivity are valued traits in the Philippines. This is
exhibited in the way public government employees conduct their services. Most
of the time we hear the common misconception that public government
employees are “masusungit” or “mataray”, however this must not be the case.
Philippines is known for still smiling amidst tragedies, thus, we must exhibit the
same in engaging with clients and the ones that are needing our services. We
must also keep in mind that most people who engage public service are those
that are not affluent in life, in order for them to feel valued.
Flexibility and adaptability
The term bahala na, which can be translated to “whatever happens, happens,” is
one of the more familiar phrases used in the country. It is perhaps the most
representative of how Filipinos value adaptability and quick thinking. The
expression exemplifies one’s belief in a higher power and submitting one’s fate to
elements that cannot be controlled. In an office setting, we are used to a system
to follow, standard operation procedures for every situation thrown at us
however, being practical and spontaneous cannot be avoided in decision-making
specially in contingency planning. The term is ironic but contingencies are quite
common especially in public service where the dynamics are always changing.
The right amount of “bahala na” shall serves as a sort of positive affirmation
which allows public employees to deal with a situation at hand that did not come
with a manual or a standard operating procedure. However, it should not be a
form of fatalistic submission or a way to absolve one from the responsibility of
their actions.
Faith and religion

Spirituality is deeply embedded in Filipino culture. A form of animism was already

being practiced in many pre-colonial societies, and Islam had been firmly
established in the southern islands even before the pre-Hispanic era. Up to this
day, religion still plays a big part in society and the everyday lives of Filipinos.
The Catholic Church’s views still affect the passing of some laws, even decision
making of public government officials in religion sensitive topics and many
regular non-working national holidays are dedicated to celebrating various
religious activities and events. To many Filipinos, religion helps shape their
values and principles.

Filipino hospitality

Filipinos are naturally hospitable. It’s a value practiced over generations and

generations and is even practiced even in work setting where the phrase
“customers are always right” is given high regard and is always practiced
especially in private companies and industries.

References:

https://www.thedispatch.in/can-values-be-taught/
https://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/mime/spring2019/ie380/value.pdf (The
Nature of Value: Objective Or Subjective? Absolute Or Relative?, April 17, 2015)
https://www.careerride.com/view/values-do-they-change-with-time-or-they-
are-eternal universal-25472.aspx (Values - Do they change with time or they
are eternal & universal?, 09/23/15)
https://theintactone.com/2019/05/30/becsr-u1-topic-1-concept-of-values-types-
and-formation-of
values/#:~:text=Value%20formation%20is%20the%20confluence,and
%20reinforced%20throughout%20early%20childhood.
https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/interviewing/importance-of-
values#:~:text=What%20is%20the%20importance%20of,specific%20to%20a
%20single%20situation.