Chapter 1

The problem and its background

This chapter represent introduction, background of the study, theoretical framework
and conceptual framework, statement of the problem, scope and limitations significance of the
study and definition terms.

Introduction
According to Psychology,  gender is defined as the different
characteristics that begin to define a person as masculine or feminine.  Researchers also
believe that gender is influenced by a range of societal, environmental and genetic
.factors.  Sex, on the other hand, refers to certain genetic traits assigned at birth
Meanwhile, sexuality refers to a person’s capacity for sexual feelings and their
.emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex (male or female)
Gender is different from other forms of social inequality in that men and women
interact extensively within families and households and in other role relations. This high
rate of contact between men and women raises important questions about how
interaction creates experiences that confirm, or potentially could undermine, the beliefs
about gender difference and inequality that underlie the gender system
Here in the Philippines it is difficult to get public acceptance for the
LGBTQIA+ people. LGBTQIA+ people in the Philippines face legal challenges and
experiencing insults and discrimination by non-LGBT people everywhere in the
Philippines. Until now LGBTQ people continue fighting for the equal rights and equal
treatment for them. Numerous anti-discrimination legislations, bills and laws that are
.struggling to be passed on a national level to protect LGBT rights nationwide

LGBT individuals in the Philippines are often faced with disadvantages

and difficulties acquiring to get equal rights within the country. There's bills for LGBT
rights in the country were proposed since, including an anti-discrimination bill, which
has been debated since the year 2000. Despite failing to pass many anti-discrimination
in the country exist on a local government level in eight provinces and various cities in
the Philippines so far. meanwhile an anti-bullying law exists, which includes sexual
orientation and gender identity as some of its prohibited groups
 Difference Perspective of Gender and Sexuality
To Grade 12 ABM Students
At AMA Computer Learning Center
S.Y 2022-2023

A
Seminal research paper
Presented by the faculty of high school department
AMA Computer learning center Antipolo city

In
Partial fulfillment
Of the Requirements For
Practical Research 2 and
Research project
 Background of the study

Gender perspective focuses particularly on gender-based differences in status and

power, and considers how such discrimination shapes the immediate needs, as well as the long-
term interest of woman and men

In a policy context, taking a gender perspective is a strategy for making women’s as well as
men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmers in all political, economic and societal
spheres, so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated

The gender perspective looks at the impact of gender on people's opportunities, social
roles and interactions. Successful implementation of the policy, programmed and project goals
of international and national organizations is directly affected by the impact of gender and, in
turn, influences the process of social development. Gender is an integral component of every
aspect of the economic, social, daily and private lives of individuals and societies, and of the
different roles ascribed by society to men and women.

Sex refers to the permanent and immutable biological characteristics common to

individuals in all societies and cultures, while gender defines traits forged throughout the
history of social relations. Gender, although it originates in objective biological divergencies,
goes far beyond the physiological and biological specifics of the two sexes in terms of the roles
each is expected to play. Gender differences are social constructs, inculcated on the basis of a
specific society's particular perceptions of the physical differences and the assumed tastes,
tendencies and capabilities of men and women. Gender differences, unlike the immutable
characteristics of sex, are universally conceded in historical and comparative social analyses to
be variants that are transformed over time and from one culture to the next, as societies
change and evolve.

Gender relations are accordingly defined as the specific mechanisms whereby different
cultures determine the functions and responsibilities of each sex. They also determine access to
material resources, such as land, credit and training, and more ephemeral resources, such as
power. The implications for everyday life are many, and include the division of labor, the
responsibilities of family members inside and outside the home, education and opportunities
for professional advancement and a voice in policy-making.
Statement of the problem
The first paragraph must present the main objective of the study. The next sentence will
be the presentation Of the specific objective

1. What are your thoughts to LGBT people?

2. What is the biggest problem facing the LGBT people?

3. For you what is the difference between gender and sexuality?

4. Why is it important to know who you are or your personality/gender identity?

 Table of contents
Page:
Title page…… I
Acknowledgements…….. II
Abstract……. III
Table of contents…….. IV

CHAPTER 1 PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction…… 1
Background of the study….. 2
Theoretical framework…. 3
Conceptual framework…… 4
Statement of the problem…. 5
Hypothesis…… 6
Scope and Delimitation 7
Significance of the study 7
 Definition of terms 8
Theoretical framework

The feminist theories and the feminist movements have vehemently

demonstrated that
knowledge cannot be considered neutral or objective. Traditionally, researchers have
engendered knowledge on the basis of the dominant perspective and behaviour in
society, which was the male one (androcentrism). As a consequence, knowledge has
been blind to the specific historical, political, social and personal conditions on which it
was reported, making invisible gender differences. Feminist epistemologies have
claimed that knowledge is dynamic, relative and variable and that it cannot be
considered an aim itself but a process.
Taking into account this idea, the theoretical and methodological proposal of this

§ gender inequalities and the promotion of women’s rights, interests and issues,
are the common basis of the feminist studies and their epistemological
concerns, despite the fact that there multiple meanings of gender and the
concept of gender itself has been criticised (e.g. Butler, 2000; Breines, Connell
and Eide, 2000);
§ violence against women “constitutes a violation of the rights and fundamental
freedoms of women and impairs or nullifies their enjoyment of those rights and
freedoms” (Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, UN,
General Assembly Resolution 48/1004 of 20 December 2003);
§ there are many expressions of violence against women and new ones can
appear according to the development of the social changes and the social
dynamics;
§ violence against women has multiple and multidimensional effects, but all of
them have the common denominator of being gender based;
§ from a feminist perspective, the best way to know something about violence
against women and its effects is by hearing the voices of the women that have
experienced this phenomenon.
Scope and Delimitation

This research is to empower,  give an idea and to promote Gender acceptance, also to
knowledge all of the ABM Students in AMA Computer learning center on how important to
love, to appreciate and to respect the different colors or what we know as gender and sexuality.
We the Researchers will utilize the survey method using the survey questionnaires and will be
distributed in 30 ABM Students in AMA Computer learning center Antipolo city during the
school year 2022-2023

Significance of the study

This study will be undertaken to find out what are the different
perspective of Gender and Sexuality in student in AMA Computer learning center
Antipolo

Students
The direct recipients of the output is for the student who feel opposite in their sex. Any
improvement for acceptance can pave away of producing gender and sexuality better and
thrive in society

Teachers
This direct to the behaivor of how the teachers teach their student if someone of her/his student
encounter a person who part of LGBTQIA +, and how they will reaction or response on what their
appearance

Parents
 This they will directly know the gender of their children and will decide if they will
accept it or not, and they’ll guide their children in the right way. To be a decent person even
their gender or sexuality are not match on their physical appearance

Acknowledgement
The following people are acknowledged and heart-warming gratitude for the
help and support are
extended to the following persons who in one way or another contributed in making
this study possible. We the researchers indebted to the following:
First, we would like to thank ALMIGHTY GOD for his blessings throughout our research

We just want to thank our dear research adviser MS. MYERENE CARRITERO NATIVIDAD
for support, advices, guidance and suggestions in doing our research, and to all of the
Grade 12 AMA Computer Learning Center students for cooperation and for giving time
and effort in terms of providing information about our research.
We would like to thank to all of the people who giving us support and helping us for
doing this research.

Abstract

This study ‘Difference Perspective of Gender and Sexuality to Grade 12 ABM

Students at AMA Computer Learning Center S.Y 2022-2023’ is conducted by the
researchers, aimed to understand the importance of gender and sexuality and what kind
of difference perspective to the student in terms of gender and sexuality.
The researchers used quantitative research design and the information that is needed
for this study are conducted with descriptive research design survey questionnaire that
is answered vivia Google form by 30 respondents

Definition of terms

 LGBTQIA is a term that collectively represents people who identify as lesbian,gay,

bisexual, transgender,queer

 Gender is the state of being male or female in relation to the social and cultural
roles that are considered appropriate for men and women

 Anti-discrimination is the practice of treating one person or group of people less

fairly or less well than other people or group

 Anti-bullying acts of written of spoken words intended to intimidate or harass a

person or to couse physical harm to a person or his or he'r property

 Inequality the state of not being equal, especially in status rights and opportunities

 Perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is

influenced by your beliefs or experience
Hypothesis

these subpopulations show higher rates of depression, anxiety,

substance abuse, and suicide compared to the general population. One hypothesis, the

social stress model — which posits that stigma, prejudice, and discrimination are the

primary causes of higher rates of poor mental health outcomes for these

subpopulations — is frequently cited as a way to explain this disparity. While non-

heterosexual and transgender individuals are often subject to social stressors and

discrimination, science has not shown that these factors alone account for the entirety,

or even a majority, of the health disparity between non-heterosexual and transgender

subpopulations and the general population. There is a need for extensive research in

this area to test the social stress hypothesis and other potential explanations for the

health disparities, and to help identify ways of addressing the health concerns present in

these subpopulations.
 Conceptualframework

In conclusion, the conceptual framework developed by the interdisciplinary

team of the collaborative research project INGER is intended to provide a theoretically

sound starting point for the operationalization of sex/gender in quantitative health

research.

The conceptual framework aims to provide help with the complexity and dynamics of

sex/gender, thereby preventing an inadequate consideration of sex/gender in health

sciences based on everyday ideas about social and biological dimensions, gender

stereotypes, and assumptions of a binary static category.

By building upon the latest state of research of several disciplines, the conceptual

framework will significantly contribute to the integration of gender theoretical concepts

into (environmental) health research, thus improving the validity of research and

supporting the promotion of health equity in the long term.