Unit 10

Before reading the text, arrange the following jumbled letters into correct words
based on the provided synonyms. One has done for you.

Describe how the road system in Indonesia nowadays using the words you found
above.

Let’s read.
STANDARDS FOR HIDGWAY DESIGN*

Highway design is a critical component in the creation of an effective road

network, and civil engineers are vital to delivering the essential infrastructure
which connects our towns and cities. Good and effective highway design is based
upon an accurate knowledge of the properties of the materials used and the design
loadings, using well-researched engineering principles and developed and
validated computer programs. It must also take account of the interaction with the
existing ground and the environment.
Highway planning involves the estimation of current and future traffic
volumes on a road network. Highway engineers strive to predict and analyze all
possible civil impacts of highway systems. The most appropriate location,
alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during the design stage. Highway
design involves the consideration of three major factors (human, vehicular, and
roadway) and how these factors interact to provide a safe highway. Furthermore,
some other considerations are the adverse effects on the environment, such as noise
pollution, air pollution, water pollution, and other ecological impacts.
In preparing a concept design for a major development, the highway
engineer would address the practicalities of cost effective access for all modes of
travel, assessment of the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking and
servicing arrangements and the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering
works. Moreover, the purposes of the final design are to produce further detailed
topographical, geological and geotechnical surveys; produce detailed design of
bridges/ structures, drainage, earthworks and pavement; and to consider health
and safety factor into the detailed design.

*Adapted from Kirkup, Adam. (2016, March 31).

Road Development and Improvement Schemes: Highway
Design Standards. Retrived from https://www.ice.org.uk

Vocabulary lists in context:

Address (v) : to deal with

Adverse (adj) : disadvantageous
Alignment (n) : position
Earthworks (n) : excavation and piling of earth in connection with
engineering operations.
Ecological (adj) : environmental
Major (adj) : main
Modes (n) : means
Off-site (adj) : away from the area of activity
Strive (v) : to attempt
Take account of (v) : to consider
Validated (adj) : official

Task 1
Complete the table with the missing verb forms. Then, complete each sentence
below using the correct form of the words from the table, either from verb or
noun column.
Verb Noun
creation
estimation
location
consideration
arrangement

1. Indonesia government is searching for the best ____________ for a new capital
city.
2. Civil engineers try to ________________ an effective road system to link our
town with the other cities nearby.
3. One of the __________________ in creating a comfortable living space is the
materials used for the construction.
4. They plan to __________________ the buildings more accessible in their new
site.
5. The government __________________ the cost of a highway construction
project in East Java.

Task 2
Read the text quickly to find the answers of the following questions. Write the
answer and note the line number(s) where you can find the answers. One has been
done for you.
1. Why is highway design important?
Because it is a critical component the creation of an effective road network
Line 1-2
2. How is an effective highway design?
___________________________________________________________________
Line _______
3. What are selected during the design stage in the highway planning?
___________________________________________________________________
Line _______
4. What do the highway engineers do in preparing a concept design for a major
development?
___________________________________________________________________
Line _______
5. What are the purposes of the final design?
___________________________________________________________________
Line _______

Task 3
Answer the following questions and discuss the results with your partner.
1. How can civil engineers create a safe and effective highway system?
2. What are the challenges of highway network constructions in Indonesia
nowadays? What should civil engineers do to deal with the challenges?

Task 4
Match the paragraph with the main ideas provided below and complete the
supporting ideas.
Paragraph Main Idea Supporting Ideas
a.
1 b.
c.
a.
2 b.
c.
 a.
3 b.
c.

A. How to provide a safe highway.

B. How an effective highway design is.
C. The plans for Indonesian highway design.
D. The consideration in planning highway design.
E. Things that highway engineers would do in preparing highway concept
design.