Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NPM : 2011058
Kelas : Bahasa Inggris ll Teknik Sipil B
Pre-Reading Activity
- Vital
- Network
- Connect
- Provide
- Current
The road system in Indonesia is currently being the most vital thing for the development of this
country. In current times road is the main access to provide people to move from one place to
a distant place especially a highway. Road network connect many regions and it continues to
be built considering the uneven development. However, geographical conditions and current
financing still become the main challenges in Indonesia.
Task 1
Table completion (Verb > Noun)
- Create > Creation
- Estimate > Estimation
- Locate > Location
- Considerate > Consideration
- Arrange > Arrangement
1. location
2. create
3. consideration
4. arrange
5. estimation
Task 2
1. Because it is a critical component the creation of an effective road network. (Line 1-2)
2. Good and effective highway design is based upon an accurate knowledge of the
properties of the materials used and the design loadings. (Line 3-5)
3. The most appropriate location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during
the design stage. (Line 10-11)
4. The highway engineer would address the practicalities of cost effective access for all
modes of travel, assessment of the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking
and servicing arrangements and the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering
works. (Line 16-20)
5. The purposes of the final design are to produce further detailed topographical,
geological and geotechnical surveys; produce detailed design of bridges/ structures,
drainage, earthworks and pavement; and to consider health and safety factor into the
detailed design. (Line 20-23)
Task 3
1. A civil engineer can create a safe and effective highway system with the abilities and
skills he has, and carry out construction by going on the field to see the good progress of
the work. for safe and effective road construction.
2. One of the obstacles to the construction of toll roads in Indonesia is land acquisition
which is the main obstacle in the construction of toll roads. therefore we as civil
engineers must provide the best solution to solve the problem.
2. Paragraph 2
Main Idea : Highway engineers strive to predict and analyze all possible civil impacts
of highway systems.
Supporting Idea :
- Highway planning involves the estimation of current and future traffic volumes on a
road network.
- The most appropriate location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during
the design stage.
- Highway design involves the consideration of three major factors (human, vehicular,
and roadway) and how these factors interact to provide a safe highway.
- Furthermore, some other considerations are the adverse effects on the environment,
such as noise pollution, air pollution, water pollution, and other ecological impacts.
3. Paragraph 3
Main Idea : In preparing a concept design for a major development.
Supporting Idea :
- The highway engineer would address the practicalities of cost effective access for all
modes of travel, assessment of the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking
and servicing arrangements and the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering
works.
- Moreover, the purposes of the final design are to produce further detailed topographical,
geological and geotechnical surveys; produce detailed design of bridges/ structures,
drainage, earthworks and pavement; and to consider health and safety factor into the
detailed design.
A. Build highways with well-researched knowledges and principles of civil engineering
which can provide safety as well as comfort to the road users.
B. An effective highway design is based upon an accurate knowledge of the properties of
the materials used and the design loadings, using well-researched engineering principles
and developed and validated computer programs.
C. Palnning the estimation of current and future traffic volumes on a road network. predict
and analyze all possible civil impacts of highway systems. The most appropriate
location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during the design stage.
D. The consideration of three major factors (human, vehicular, and roadway) and how
these factors interact to provide a safe highway. Furthermore, some other considerations
are the adverse effects on the environment, such as noise pollution, air pollution, water
pollution, and other ecological impacts.
E. Adress the practicalities of cost effective access for all modes of travel, assessment of
the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking and servicing arrangements and
the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering works.