Nama : Ersa Hermalia Sukma

NPM : 2011064
Kelas : Bahasa Inggris ll Teknik Sipil B

Answer to Unit 10

Pre-Reading Activity
- Vital
- Network
- Connect
- Provide
- Current
The road system in Indonesia is currently being the most vital thing for the development of this
country. In current times road is the main access to provide people to move from one place to
a distant place especially a highway. Road network connect many regions and it continues to
be built considering the uneven development. However, geographical conditions and current
financing still become the main challenges in Indonesia.

Task 1
Table completion (Verb > Noun)
- Create > Creation
- Estimate > Estimation
- Locate > Location
- Considerate > Consideration
- Arrange > Arrangement
1. location
2. create
3. consideration
4. arrange
5. estimation
Task 2
1. Because it is a critical component the creation of an effective road network. (Line 1-2)
2. Good and effective highway design is based upon an accurate knowledge of the
properties of the materials used and the design loadings. (Line 3-5)
3. The most appropriate location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during
the design stage. (Line 10-11)

4. The highway engineer would address the practicalities of cost effective access for all
modes of travel, assessment of the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking
and servicing arrangements and the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering
works. (Line 16-20)
5. The purposes of the final design are to produce further detailed topographical,
geological and geotechnical surveys; produce detailed design of bridges/ structures,
drainage, earthworks and pavement; and to consider health and safety factor into the
detailed design. (Line 20-23)

Task 3
1. Spiral Engineers must endeavor to predict and analyze all possible civil impacts of the
highway system. Some considerations are the negative impact on the environment, such
as noise pollution, air pollution, water pollution, and other ecological impacts.
2. There are 3 major issues that pose a challenge in accelerating road development in
Indonesia. First, land acquisition, second project planning and preparation and third, in
terms of funding.

As a civil engineer in responding to this, namely by paying attention to the project

holders or contractor who can show that the toll road business is in the healthy category. Also
land acquisition has to be carried out thoroughly and carefully because it binds with the
environment and society.
 Task 4
1. Paragraph 1
Main Idea : Highway design is a critical component in the creation of an effective
road network, and civil engineers are vital to delivering the essential infrastructure
which connects our towns and cities.
Supporting Idea :
- Good and effective highway design is based upon an accurate knowledge of the
properties of the materials used and the design loadings, using well-researched
engineering principles and developed and validated computer programs.
- It must also take account of the interaction with the existing ground and the
environment.

2. Paragraph 2
Main Idea : Highway engineers strive to predict and analyze all possible civil impacts
of highway systems.
Supporting Idea :
- Highway planning involves the estimation of current and future traffic volumes on a
road network.
- The most appropriate location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during
the design stage.
- Highway design involves the consideration of three major factors (human, vehicular,
and roadway) and how these factors interact to provide a safe highway.
- Furthermore, some other considerations are the adverse effects on the environment,
such as noise pollution, air pollution, water pollution, and other ecological impacts.
3. Paragraph 3
Main Idea : In preparing a concept design for a major development.
Supporting Idea :
- The highway engineer would address the practicalities of cost effective access for all
modes of travel, assessment of the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking
 and servicing arrangements and the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering
works.
- Moreover, the purposes of the final design are to produce further detailed topographical,
geological and geotechnical surveys; produce detailed design of bridges/ structures,
drainage, earthworks and pavement; and to consider health and safety factor into the
detailed design.
A. Build highways with well-researched knowledges and principles of civil engineering
which can provide safety as well as comfort to the road users.
B. An effective highway design is based upon an accurate knowledge of the properties of
the materials used and the design loadings, using well-researched engineering principles
and developed and validated computer programs.
C. Palnning the estimation of current and future traffic volumes on a road network. predict
and analyze all possible civil impacts of highway systems. The most appropriate
location, alignment, and shape of a highway are selected during the design stage.
D. The consideration of three major factors (human, vehicular, and roadway) and how
these factors interact to provide a safe highway. Furthermore, some other considerations

are the adverse effects on the environment, such as noise pollution, air pollution, water
pollution, and other ecological impacts.
E. Adress the practicalities of cost effective access for all modes of travel, assessment of
the suitability of the existing infrastructure, the parking and servicing arrangements and
the detailed design of on and off- site civil engineering works.