Alexandria University. Mechanical Dpt.

Faculty of Engineering. Thermodynamics.

SHEET (2)
Properties of ideal gases

1- Under what conditions is the ideal-gas assumption suitable for real gases?

2- What is the difference between R and Ru? How are these two related?

3- A 400-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25 °C. Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa & the molar mass of air is 28.97
Kg/Kmol.

4- A 2-kg mass of helium is maintained at 300 kPa and 27 °C in a rigid container, the
molar mass of Helium is 4.003 Kg/Kmol. How large is the container, in m3?

5- The pressure gage on a 2.5-m3 oxygen tank reads 500 kPa, the molar mass of
Oxygen is 32 Kg/Kmol. Determine the amount of oxygen in the tank if the
temperature is 28 °C and the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.

6- A 1-m3 tank containing air at 10 °C and 350 kPa is connected through a valve to
another tank containing 3 kg of air at 35 °C and 200 kPa. Now the valve is opened,
and the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the surroundings,
which are at 20 °C. The molar mass of air is 28.97 Kg/Kmol. Determine the volume
of the second tank and the final equilibrium pressure of air. (Answers: 1.33 m3, 264
kPa)

7- A rigid tank whose volume is unknown is divided into two parts by a partition. One
side of the tank contains an ideal gas at 927 °C. The other side is evacuated and has a
volume twice the size of the part containing the gas. The partition is now removed and
the gas expands to fill the entire tank. Heat is now applied to the gas until the pressure
equals the initial pressure. Determine the final temperature of the gas.
(Answer: 3327 °C)
8- Argon in the amount of 1.5 kg fills a 0.04-m3 piston cylinder device at 550 kPa.
The piston is now moved by changing the weights until the volume is twice its
original size. During this process, argon’s temperature is maintained constant. The
molar mass of Argon is 39.948 Kg/Kmol. Determine the final pressure in the device.

9- A rigid tank contains 2 kg of an ideal gas at 4 atm and 40 °C. Now a valve is
opened, and half of mass of the gas is allowed to escape. If the final pressure in the
tank is 2.2 atm, the final temperature in the tank is
(a) 71 °C (b) 44 °C (c) -100 °C (d) 20 °C (e) 172 °C

10- The pressure of an automobile tire is measured to be 190 kPa (gage) before a trip
and 215 kPa (gage) after the trip at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 95
kPa. If the temperature of air in the tire before the trip is 25 °C, the air temperature
after the trip is
(a) 51.1 °C (b) 64.2 °C (c) 27.2 °C (d) 28.3 °C (e) 25.0 °C.

11-A spherical balloon with a diameter of 9 m is filled with helium at 27 °C and 200
kPa. Determine the mole number and the mass of the helium in the balloon if the
molar mass of Helium is 4.003 Kg/Kmol.
(Answers: 30.6 kmol, 123 kg)

12- A 3.27 m³ tank contains 100 kg of nitrogen at 225K. Determine the pressure in the
tank if the molar mass of Nitrogen is 28.013 Kg/Kmol.

13- A closed, rigid tank is filled with a gas modeled as an ideal gas, initially at 27 °C
and a gage pressure of 300 kPa. If the gas is heated to 77 °C, determine the final
pressure, expressed as a gage pressure, in kPa. The local atmospheric pressure is 1
atm.

14- Calculate the internal energy change and the enthalpy change of air if the
temperature changes from 20 °C to 450 °C. Assume an ideal gas with constant
specific heats.

15-Determine the enthalpy change (Δh) of nitrogen, in kJ/kg, as it is heated from 600
to 1000 K, using:
(a) The empirical specific heat equation as a function of temperature

(b) Constant cp at 800K of value of 1.121 Kg/Kg.K

(Answers: (a) 447.8 kJ/kg, (b) 448.4 kJ/kg)

16-Air at 300 K and 200 kPa is heated at constant pressure to 600 K. Determine the
change in internal energy of air per unit mass, using
(a) The functional form of the specific heat

(b) The average specific heat value where cv,avg=cv @ 450 K = 0.733 kJ/kg·K

17- A piston cylinder arrangement, shown in figure, contains air at 250 kPa and 300
°C. The atmosphere is at 20 °C. The cylinder lost heat until it lands on the stops and
reached thermal equilibrium with surrounding.
(a) Find the temperature at which the piston starts to touch the stops.
(b) Find the equilibrium pressure.

18- A horizontal piston cylinder arrangement, shown in figure, contains N2 at the left
side and O2 at the right side. The Nitrogen is at 2 bar, T=100 °C, and V=1 m3. The
Oxygen is at 5 bar, T=200 °C, and 5 kg. The piston was initially fixed and the heat
transfer is allowed between the system and the surrounding which is at 20 °C.
(a) Find the equilibrium final pressure in both sections.
(b) Find the displaced distance between the initial and final states if Ap = 1 m2.