Block Type of Machine Foundation Design and Excel Automation

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 4, Issue 7 July 2022, pp: 1622-1633 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252
Block Type of Machine Foundation Design

and Excel Automation
1,
Kavya R P1, Sandeep Kumar D S2, Mallesh N G3
M.Tech Student, CAD Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, PES College of Engineering, Mandya,
Karnataka
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, PES College of Engineering, Mandya, Karnataka,
3
Associate Engineer, Atkins India, Bangalore, Karnataka
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Submitted: 15-07-2022 Revised: 27-07-2022 Accepted: 29-07-2022
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ABSTRACT: The analysis and design of machine supporting the engine. Therefore, designers must
foundation requires more attention since it involves be familiar with how the machine transfers loads
not only dynamic load but also static loads caused and the problems associated with the dynamic
by the working of the machine. The Disturbing behaviour of the foundation and the soil underneath
frequency and amplitudes of a machine are the the foundation. Until recently, the practice of
most important parameters. In this paper the designing machine foundations by engineering
analysis and design of block type of machine companies was almost entirely based on rules of
foundation is done on the basis of standard load thumb, as little Advances in underground and
data manually which are used power plants, oil and structural mechanics gradually established design
gas industry. The design is as per the code IS principles without the use of conventional
456:2000 and IS:2974 (Part 1) – 1982. Dynamic empirical methods. The purpose of this guide is to
analysis is done to fix the size of foundation and present these design criteria in a way that designers
static analysis is to design the reinforcement. To can easily apply to real world problems. The sub-
analysis and design functions are created in macro frame located under the vibrating and rotating
work book in VBA (Visual Basic Applications) superstructure of the assembly machine is called
functions used in excel automation to make the the foundation of the machine. Static loads and
work easier. The distributing frequency is 2.5Hz kinetic forces are taken into account when
and amplitude of vibration is 94.02μm from designing the frame. The mechanical load is static
calculations the relationship when it is taken from load that is of secondary importance in the design
the graph of code book is line ABB’ limit to ensure of a machine foundation. The moving parts of the
reasonable comfort to persons.The eccentricities machine create the main force, the force of inertia
are within the permissible limit of 5% of the length to be considered in the design. Kinetic or inertial
of the foundation in either direction. The plan and forces are periodic and vibratory, and their
detailing of the block type of machine foundation is magnitude depends on the type of machine.
also shown. 1.1Visual Basic for Applications is a
Keywords:-Block type of machine foundation, programming language developed and owned by
Excel VBA functions. Microsoft. With VBA, you can create macros to
automate repetitive text and data processing
I.INTRODUCTION functions, and create custom forms, charts, and
The design of machine foundation is more reports. This is not a standalone product with VBA
complex than that of a static-only foundation. In functionality for MS Office applications. Users
addition to static loads on the floor of the machine, cannot directly cannot the core Excel software
designers must consider the dynamic forces through VBA, but can learn the art of creating
generated by the operation of the machine. This macros to optimize time in Excel.
dynamic force is in turn transferred to the base
DOI: 10.35629/5252-040716221633 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1622
Table 1 Various machine foundations and applications

Machine Foundation Types Applications
This type of foundation consisting of a
pedestal of concrete on which machine the
rests having large mass and small natural
frequency. For reciprocating type
machines, block type foundations are
generally used.
Block Type Foundation

hollow concrete block supporting the
machinery on their top. The mass of this
foundation is less than block type, as it is
hollow. The natural frequency of the box
type machine foundation is increased.
Box Type Foundation

pair of walls which support the machinery
on their top. It is used for larger
machines. The vertical and horizontal
members of this foundation can be
constructed by different materials.
Wall Type Foundation

This type of foundation consisting of
vertical columns supporting on their top a
horizontal frame-work which forms the
seat of essential machinery. Machines
producing impulsive and periodical at low
speeds are generally mounted on block
type foundations, while those working at
high speeds and the rotating type of
machinery are generally mounted on
framed foundations.
Framed Type Foundation
II. OBJECTIVES c. Diagram showing the embedded parts,

 The main objective is to analysis and design of openings, grooves for foundation bolts, etc.
block type of machine foundation. d. Nature of soil and its static and dynamic
 To use visual basic functions to automate properties as required in design calculations.
design process using excel automation to make
work easier. The analysis and design of the block type of
 Relation between frequency and amplitude. foundation is done on the basis of the standard
load data manually.
III. METHODOLOGY Machine Data
 Study the types of machine foundation. • Operating speed of engine (fm)
 The analysis and design of the block type of 150rpm
foundation is done on the basis of the standard • Horizontal unbalanced force in the direction of
load data manually. The design is as per the the piston (P x) 117.72kN
code IS 456:2000 and IS:2974 (Part 1) – 1982.
 The dynamic analysis has to be done to fix size • Weight of machine (W) 353.16kN
of foundation and static analysis for design of
foundation reinforcement. • The horizontal unbalanced force acts at a
 To use visual basic functions to automate height of 0.6m above thetop of the foundation
design process using excel automation to make (level+0.0).
work easier. Soil Data
 Study the relation between frequency and • Nature of soil
amplitude. sandy
• Bearing capacity of soil
IV. DESIGN DATA 2kg/cm2
The specific data required for design vary • Coefficient of elastic uniform shear (Cτ)
depending upon the type of machine. The general 2.25kg/cm2
requirements of data for the design of machine • Grade of Concrete
foundation are, however, as follows: M-20
a. Loading diagram showing the magnitude
and positions of static and dynamic loads exerted The following are the calculations done in excel
by the machine on its foundation. using visual basic functions from the above data:
b. Power of engine and the operating speed.
V. DESIGN AND DETAILING OF foundation is done in excel sheet by using excel

BLOCK TYPE OF MACHINE VBA functions as shown above.
FOUNDATION  The detailing is done in Auto CAD and it
 The design of block type of machine is shown below,
.
VI. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS speeds, loads and operating conditions.
A. A machine foundation is special type of B. This foundation is designed to take into
foundation required for machines, machine account shocks and vibrations ( dynamic
tools and heavy equipment with varying forces) caused by mechanical work.
C. Since machine will be on the top of the machine foundation we can design any type of
foundation so, machine manufacturer will give foundations.
what is the amplitude i.e. rpm and allowable
amplitude that is to check whether it is within REFERENCES
the limit. Hence, The distributing frequency is [1] KartikChaudhary and IshantDahat–
2.5Hz and amplitude of vibration is 94.02μm “Comparative structural analysis of block
from calculations the relationship when it is type machine foundation – a technical note”
taken from the graph of code book is line (2021).
ABB’ limit to ensure reasonablecomfort to [2] Nidhi R. Somkuwar– “Machine
persons. foundations for power plant: some design
D. The eccentricities are within the permissible issues with real time examples (2019)
limit of 5% of the length of the foundation in
either direction. [3] Kalpak M Vora– “Dynamic analysis of
E. By using VBA functions same as block type of block type machine foundation by
D.D.Barkan method by application software [9] IS 875: (Part 1) – 1987 Indian standard
(2018). code of practice for design loads (other than
[4] Piyush K. Bhandari, AyanSengupta – earthquake) for building and structures. Part
“Dynamic analysis of machine foundation 1 Dead Loads.
(2014). [10]. IS 875: (Part 2) – 1987 Indian standard code
[5] Ataulla Attar, Dr P G Rakaraddi – of practice for design loads (other than
“Economical method of reducing vibration earthquake) for building and structures. Part
on machine foundation” (2014). 2 Imposed Loads.
[6] Raghavendrasing S. Rajput, S.K.Dubey – [11]. IS 875: (Part 3) – 1987 Indian standard code
“Analysis and Design of framed and block of practice for design loads (other than
machine foundation”. earthquake) for building and structures. Part
3 Wind Loads.
[7] S K Guha– “Vibration studies of Block type
[12]. IS 2974 (Part 1) – 1982 Indian Standard
machine foundations” (1984).
code of practice for design and construction
[8] IS 456:2000 – Plain and reinforced of machine foundations. ( Part 1
concrete-code of practice. Foundations for Reciprocating Type
Machines).

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)

Volume 4, Issue 7 July 2022, pp: 1622-1633 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

Block Type of Machine Foundation Design

Table 1 Various machine foundations and applications

Block Type Foundation

Box Type Foundation

Wall Type Foundation

Framed Type Foundation

II. OBJECTIVES c. Diagram showing the embedded parts,

V. DESIGN AND DETAILING OF foundation is done in excel sheet by using excel

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