UNIVERSIDAD LAICA ELOY ALFARO DE MANABI

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL

QUINTO NIVEL A
PERIODO 2020-1

DEDUCCION DE FORMULAS

ASIGNATURA:
ESTRUCTURAS BASICAS

DOCENTE:
ING. DOLLY DELGADO PHD.

AUTORES:
CEDEÑO ARAUZ CARLOS
CUEVA MUÑOZ JOYCE
GARRIDO RODRIGUEZ JENNIFER
VINCES ANGULO ANTHONY

MANTA-MANABI-ECUADOR
2020- 2021
Ejercicio #1

Σ𝑀𝐴 = 0
F(a) − RB(a + b)
Fa Fa
RB = =
a+b L
Σ𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝑅𝐴 − 𝐹 + 𝑅𝐵 = 0
Fa
RA = F − RB => RA = F −
L
FL − Fa Fa + Fb − Fa Fb
RA = = =
L L L

𝐹𝑎𝑏 𝑎 𝐹𝑎2𝑏
Area A = ∗ = = 𝑃′ 𝐴
𝐿 2 2𝐿
Fab b Fab2
A. B = ∗ = = P′B
L 2 2L
1
φA = RA ∗
EI
1
φB = RB ∗
EI

Σ𝑀 = 0
−MZ + RA(x) = 0
𝐹𝑏
𝑀𝑍 = 𝑅𝐴(𝑋) => 𝑀𝑍 = (𝑦)
𝐿
𝐹𝑎𝑏
𝑋=𝑎 ∴ 𝑀𝑍 =
𝐿
Σ𝑀𝐵 = 0 Σ𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑎 2𝑏 a b
𝑅𝐴(𝐿) − 𝑃′ 𝐴 ( + 𝑏) − 𝑃𝐵′ ( ) = 0 RB(L) − PA′ ( ) − PB ′ ( + a) = 0
3 3 3 3
𝑎 2𝑏 2a b
𝑃𝐵′ (3 + 𝑏) + 𝑃𝐵? ( 3 ) PA′ ( 3 ) + PB ′ (3 + a)
𝑅𝐴 = RB =
𝐿 L
PA′ a 2b 1 1
φA = RA = [ ( + b) + PB ′ ( )]( ) φB = RB ∗
L 3 3 EI EI
PA′ 2b 1 𝑃𝐴′ 2𝑎 𝑏 1
φA = RA = [ ∗ 𝑎/3 + PB ′ ( )]( ) φB = [ ∗ + 𝑃𝐵′ ( + 𝑎)] ∗
L 3 EI 𝐿 3𝐿 3 𝐸𝐼
Fa2 𝑏 𝑎 𝐹𝑎2 𝑏 𝑏 𝐹𝑎𝑏2 2𝑏 1 Fa2 𝑏 2𝑎 𝐹𝑎𝑏2 𝑏 𝐹𝑎𝑏2 𝑎 1
φA = [ ∗ + ∗ + ∗ ]∗ φB = [ ∗ + ∗ + ∗ ]∗
2𝐿 3𝐿 2𝐿 𝐿 2𝐿 3𝐿 𝐸𝐼 2𝐿 3𝐿 2𝐿 3𝐿 2𝐿 𝐿 𝐸𝐼
Fa3 𝑏 𝐹𝑎2 𝑏2 𝐹𝑎𝑏3 1 Fa3 𝑏 𝐹𝑎𝑏3 𝐹𝑎2 𝑏2 1
φA = [ + 2
+ 2
]∗ φB = [ 2 + + ]∗
6𝐿 2𝐿 3𝐿 𝐸𝐼 3𝐿 6𝐿2 2𝐿2 𝐸𝐼
𝐹𝑎𝑏 𝑎2 𝑎𝑏 𝑏2 1 𝐹𝑎𝑏 𝑎2 𝑎𝑏 𝑏2 1
φA = [ 2 ( + + )] ∗ φB = [ 2 ( + + )] ∗
𝐿 6 2 3 𝐸𝐼 𝐿 3 2 6 𝐸𝐼
𝐹𝑎𝑏 𝑎2 + 3𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏2 1 𝐹𝑎𝑏 2𝑎2 + 3𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 1
φA = [ 2 ( )] ∗ φB = [ 2 ( )] ∗
𝐿 6 𝐸𝐼 𝐿 6 𝐸𝐼
𝐹𝑎𝑏 (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 + 2𝑏) 1 𝐹𝑎𝑏 (𝑏 + 𝑎)(𝑏 + 2𝑎) 1
φA = [ 2
( )] ∗ φB = [ ( )] ∗
𝐿 6 𝐸𝐼 𝐿2 6 𝐸𝐼

𝐹𝑎𝑏 (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑏) 1 𝐹𝑎𝑏 1

φA = [ 2
( )] ∗ φB = [ (𝐿)(𝐿 + 𝑎)] ∗
𝐿 6 𝐸𝐼 6𝐿2 𝐸𝐼
𝐹𝑎𝑏 1
φA = [ 2 (𝐿)(𝐿 + 𝑏)] ∗
6𝐿 𝐸𝐼 𝐹𝑎𝑏 1
φB = [ 2
(𝐿)(𝐿 + 𝑏)] ∗
𝐹𝑎𝑏(𝐿 + 𝑏) 6𝐿 𝐸𝐼
φA =
6𝐿𝐸𝐼 𝐹𝑎𝑏(𝐿 + 𝑎)
φB =
6𝐿𝐸𝐼
 Ejercicio #2
Sumatoria de fuerzas
𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 − 𝐹 = 0
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 = 𝐹
𝐹
𝑅𝑎 = 𝐹 −
2
𝐹
𝑅𝑎 =
2
Sumatoria de momentos
𝐿
𝐹∗ − 𝑅𝐵 ∗ 𝐿 = 0
2
𝐹𝑙
𝐹
𝑅𝐵 = 2 =
𝐿 2
Cortantes
𝐹
𝑉𝑦 − 𝑅𝐴 = 0 𝑉𝑦 =
2
𝐹
𝑋=0 𝑉𝑦 =
2
𝐹
𝑋=0 𝑉𝑦 =
2
Al ser simétricas el valor será el mismo para las 2 reacciones
Flectores
𝐹 𝐹
𝑀𝑧 − ∗𝑥 =0 𝑀𝑧 = ∗𝑥
2 2
𝐹
𝑋=0 𝑀𝑍 = ∗0=0
2
𝐿 𝐹 𝐿 𝐹𝐿
𝑋= 𝑀𝑍 = ∗ =
2 2 2 4

El valor del momento flector máximo es de FL/4

Ángulo de giro
𝐹𝐿 𝐿
𝑏∗ℎ ∗
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = → 4 2
2 2
𝐹𝐿2 1
𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 = ∗
16 𝐸𝐼
ángulos de giros

Deformación
𝛿 = ∅ ∗ (𝐶 ∗ 𝑏)
𝐹𝐿2 1 2 𝐿
𝛿= ∗ ∗ ∗
16 𝐸𝐼 3 2
𝐹𝐿3
𝛿=
48𝐸𝐼
Flecha máxima
 Ejercicio #3
𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝐹 𝐹 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 − 𝐹 − 𝐹 = 0
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 = 2𝐹
𝑅𝑎 = 2𝐹 − 𝐹 = 𝐹

𝐸𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑎 𝑎 𝐹 (𝑎) + 𝐹 (2𝑎) + 𝑅𝑏(3𝑎) = 0
3𝐹𝑎
𝐿/2 𝐿/2 𝑅𝑏 = =𝐹
3𝑎

1)
𝑀𝑧
𝐹
+
𝑉𝑦−+ 𝑅𝑎 𝑉𝑦
𝑥
- −𝐹
- 𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝐹𝑎 - 𝐹 − 𝑉𝑦 = 0
𝐹𝑎
𝑉𝑦 = 𝐹
𝐸𝑀𝑍 = 0
𝑀𝑧−+ 𝑀𝑧 − 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 0
𝑀𝑧 = 𝐹𝑥
0 = 𝐹 (0) = 0
𝑎 = 𝐹 (𝑎) = 𝐹𝑎
2) 𝐹
3) 𝑀𝑧
𝐹 𝐹
𝑀𝑧

𝑉𝑦
𝑅𝑎 𝑎 𝑥
𝑉𝑦
𝑅𝑎
𝑎 2𝑎 𝑥 𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0 𝐹 − 𝐹 − 𝑉𝑦 = 0
𝐹 − 𝐹 − 𝐹 − 𝑉𝑦 = 0 𝑉𝑦 = 0
𝑉𝑦 = −𝐹
𝐸𝑀𝑍 = 0
𝐸𝑀𝑍 = 0 𝑀𝑧 − 𝐹 (𝑎 + 𝑥 ) + 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 0
𝑀𝑧 − 𝐹 (3𝑎 + 𝑋) + 𝐹 (2𝑎 + 𝑥 ) + 𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 0 𝑀𝑧 = 𝐹𝑎 + 𝐹𝑥 − 𝐹𝑥
𝑀𝑧 − 3𝐹𝑎 − 𝐹𝑥 + 2𝐹𝑎 + 𝐹𝑥 + 𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝑀𝑧 = 𝐹𝑎
𝑀𝑧 = −𝐹𝑥 + 𝐹𝑎
0 = −𝐹 (0) + 𝐹𝑎 = 𝐹𝑎
𝑎 = −𝐹 (𝑎) + 𝐹𝑎 = 0
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2 𝛿 = 𝜑𝐴 ∙ 𝑍 + 𝜑𝐵 ∙ 𝑍
𝑏∙ℎ 𝑎 ∙ 𝐹𝑎 2 𝐿 1 𝐿
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = +𝑏∙ℎ 𝛿=( ∗ 𝑎) + [( − 𝑎) ∙ 𝐹𝑎] ∗ [ ( − 𝑎) + 𝑎]
2 2 3 2 2 2
𝑎 ∙ 𝐹𝑎 𝐿 𝐹𝑎3 𝐹𝑎𝐿 𝐿 𝑎
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = + ( − 𝑎) ∙ 𝐹𝑎 𝛿= +( − 𝐹𝑎2 ) ∗ ( − + 𝑎)
2 2 3 2 4 2
𝐹𝑎2 𝐹𝑎𝐿 3 2
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = + + 𝐹𝑎2 𝐹𝑎 𝐹𝑎𝐿 − 2𝐹𝑎 𝐿 − 2𝑎 + 4𝑎
2 2 𝛿= +( )∗( )
3 2 4
𝐹𝑎2 𝐹𝑎𝐿
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = − + 𝐹𝑎3 𝐹𝑎𝐿 − 2𝐹𝑎2 𝐿 + 2𝑎
2 2 𝛿= +( )∗( )
−𝐹𝑎2 + 𝐹𝑎𝐿 3 2 4
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = 𝐹𝑎3 𝐹𝑎𝐿2 − 2𝐹𝑎2 𝐿 + 2𝐹𝑎2 𝐿 − 4𝐹𝑎3
2 𝛿= +( )
𝐹𝑎(𝐿 − 𝑎) 3 8
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 =
2𝐸𝐼 𝐹𝑎3 𝐹𝑎𝐿2 − 4𝐹𝑎3
𝛿= +
3 8
8𝐹𝑎3 + 3𝐹𝑎𝐿2 − 12𝐹𝑎3
𝐿 𝛿=
𝑋𝑎 = 𝑋𝑏 = 24
2 −4𝐹𝑎 + 3𝐹𝑎𝐿2
3
𝛿=
24
𝐹𝑎
𝛿= (3𝐿2 − 4𝑎2 )
24𝐸𝐼
 Ejercicio #4
𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝐹 𝐹 𝐹 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 − 𝐹 − 𝐹 − 𝐹 = 0
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 = 3𝐹
𝑅𝑎 = 3𝐹 − 3𝐹/2 = 3𝐹/2

𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝐸𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝐿/4 𝐿/4 𝐿/4 𝐿/4 𝐹 (𝑎) + 𝐹 (2𝑎) + 𝐹 (3𝑎) − 𝑅𝑏(4𝑎) = 0
6𝐹𝑎
𝑅𝑏 = = 3𝐹/2
1) 4𝑎
𝑀𝑧
3𝐹/2
+
𝑉𝑦+ 𝑅𝑎 𝑉𝑦
− 𝑥
-
3𝐹/2
- 𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
- 3𝐹/2 − 𝑉𝑦 = 0
𝑉𝑦 = 3𝐹/2
2𝐹𝑎
𝐸𝑀𝑍 = 0
3𝐹𝑎/2 3𝐹𝑎/2 𝑀𝑧 − (3𝐹/2)(𝑥 ) = 0
𝑀𝑧 = 3𝑥𝐹/2
𝑀𝑧+
−
0 = 𝐹 (0) = 0
𝑎 = 𝐹 (𝑎) = 3𝑎𝐹/2
2) 𝐹
𝑀𝑧
3)
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2
𝑏 ∙ ℎ (𝑏 + 𝐵) 𝑉𝑦
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = + ∙ℎ 𝑅𝑎
𝑎 𝑥
2 2
3𝐹𝑎
𝑎 ∙ 3𝐹𝑎/2 (( 2 ) + 2𝐹𝑎)
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = + ∙𝑎
2 2
𝑎 𝐸𝑓𝑦 = 0
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = (3𝑎𝐹 + 2𝑎𝐹)
2 3𝐹/2 − 𝐹 − 𝑉𝑦 = 0
𝑎 𝑉𝑦 = 𝐹/2
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = (5𝑎𝐹 )
2
5𝐹𝑎2 𝐹
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 = 𝐸𝑀𝑍 = 0
2
𝑀𝑧 − 3𝐹 (𝑎 + 𝑥 )/2 + 𝐹 (𝑥 )
𝐿 =0
𝑎=
4 𝑀𝑧 = 3𝐹𝑎/2 + 3𝐹𝑥/2 − 𝐹𝑥

0 = 𝐹 (0) = 3𝐹𝑎/2
𝑎 = 𝐹 (𝑎) = 2𝐹𝑎
 5𝐹𝐿2
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 =
2 ∙ 16𝐸𝐼
5𝐹𝐿2
𝜑𝐴 = 𝜑𝐵 =
32𝐸𝐼

𝛿 = 𝐴1 ∙ 𝑍 + 𝐴2 ∙ 𝑍
3𝐹𝑎
𝑎 ∙ 3𝐹𝑎/2 2 (( 2 ) + 2𝐹𝑎) ((3𝐹𝑎/2) + 4𝐹𝑎)
𝛿=( ∗ 𝑎) + [ ∙ 𝑎] ∗ [𝑎 + ∙ 𝑎]
2 3 2 3𝐹𝑎
3 ( 2 + 2𝐹𝑎)
11𝐹𝑎
𝐹𝑎3 7𝐹𝑎2
𝛿= +( ) ∗ (𝑎 + 2 ∙ 𝑎)
2 4 21𝐹𝑎
2
𝐹𝑎3 7𝐹𝑎2 11
𝛿= +( ) ∗ (𝑎 + ∙ 𝑎)
2 4 21
𝐹𝑎3 32𝐹𝑎3
𝛿= +( )
2 12
6𝐹𝑎3 + 32𝐹𝑎3
𝛿=( )
12
𝐿
𝑎=
4
38𝐹𝐿3
𝛿=( )
12 ∗ 64
38𝐹𝐿3
𝛿=( )
768
19𝐹𝐿3
𝛿=( )
384𝐸𝐼