PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Practice Pre Board Paper (2022-23)

Grade: X Maximum Marks: 80
Subject: Social Science Answer Scheme Duration: 3 hours

● Please check that this question paper contains __ printed pages + __ map
General Instructions:
• Question paper comprises Six Sections – A, B, C, D, E and F. There are 37 questions in the
question paper. All questions are compulsory.
• Section A – Question no. 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
• Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks
each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.
• Section C – Question no. 25 to 29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each.
Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.
• Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are Long Answer Type Questions, carrying 5 marks each.
Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
• Section E – Question no. 34 to 36 are Case-based Questions with three sub questions and
are of 4 marks each.
• Section F – Question no. 37 is Map-based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37.1 from
History (2 marks) and 37.2 from Geography (3 marks).
• There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been
provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions has to be attempted.
• In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question,
wherever necessary.

SECTION A
MCQs (1X20=20)
1. How did the East India Company establish monopoly right trade? 1 H/An
Choose the most appropriate options.
I. By eliminating the existing traders connected with the cloth
trade
II. By establishing direct control over the weavers
III. By appointing the gomastha
IV. By allowing free competition and contact between weavers
and buyers
Options:
A. Both I and III
B. Both III and IV
C. Only I, II and III
D. All I, II, III and IV
The Age of Industrialisation – Tb pg. no. 91

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 2. Choose the correctly matched pair about the primitive agriculture in 1 G/U
India from the following.
A. Kumari – Jharkhand
B. Dahiya – Madhya Pradesh
C. Khil – Andhra Pradesh
D. Koman – Karnataka
Agriculture – Tb pg. no. 34

3. Which of the following human activities has contributed significantly 1 G/U

to land degradation?
A. Shelter belt
B. Crop rotation
C. Deforestation
D. Ploughing
Resources and Development - Tb pg. no. 7

4. Which of the following conservation strategies does NOT directly 1 G/U

involve community participation?
A. Joint forest management
B. Beej bachao andolan
C. Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries
D. Chipko movement
Forest and Wildlife Resources – Tb pg. no. 21

5. Which of the following was the aim of the post-war international 1 H/An
economic system?
A. To ensure economic stability of the underdeveloped countries.
B. To promote good health for the population of the developing
countries.
C. To preserve economic stability and full employment in the
industrial world.
D. To promote education worldwide.
The Making of a Global World – Tb pg. no. 75

6. Which political party believes in Marxism-Leninism? 1 PS/R

A. Communist Party of India
B. Nationalist Congress Party
C. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
D. Bahujan Samaj Party

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 Political Parties – Tb Pg. no. 80

7. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order. 1 H/An

I. Coming of the Simon Commission to India
II. Demand of Purna Swaraj in the Lahore Session of INC
III. Government of India Act, 1919
IV. Champaran Satyagraha
Options:
A. III – II – IV – I
B. I – II – IV – III
C. II – III – I – IV
D. IV – III – I – II
Nationalism in India – Tb pg. no. 31, 38, 39

8. Choose the correct feature of a federal government from the options 1 PS/U
given below.
A. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial
government.
B. It is characterised by uniform laws that are made only by the
central government for the whole country.
C. The sub-units are subordinate to the central government.
D. There are two or more tiers of government.
Federalism – Tb pg. no. 15

9. Rohit has taken a loan of Rs. 2 lakhs from a private bank to purchase a 1 E/An
new car. His loan EMI is Rs. 1,000 every month, and the total loan
period is five years.
Which of the following is mandatory to apply for the loan from a
bank?
A. Business account
B. Good relation with bank employees
C. Collateral
D. Knowledge about RBI
Money and Credit – Tb pg. no. 44

10. Match Column A with Column B and choose the correct option. 1 H/An

Column A Column B

I. Rashsundari Debi a. Chhote Aur Bade Ka Sawal

II. Sudarshan Chakra b. Kesari

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 III. Kashibaba c. Amar Jiban
IV. Bal Gangadhar Tilak d. Sacchi Kavitayan

A. I – b, II – c, III – a, IV – d
B. I – c, II – d, III – a, IV – b
C. I – d, II – a, III – c, IV – d
D. I – c, II – b, III – d, IV – a
Print Culture and the Modern World – Tb pg. no. 124, 126, 127

11. Study the given picture and answer the question that follows. 1 H/Ap

Which of the following aspects best signifies the above image of ‘The
Courier of Rhineland’?
A. Areas covered by Napoleon
B. Victories of Napoleon
C. Rules framed by Napoleon
D. Defeat of Napoleon
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Tb pg. no. 7

12. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the 1 H/An

Zollverein formed in 1834?
A. It abolished tariff barriers.
B. It abolished the feudal system.
C. It reduced the number of currencies.
D. It had most of the German states as members.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Tb pg. no. 10

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 13. Why is the power shared amongst different organs of government 1 PS/U
called as horizontal distribution of power? Choose the most correct
reason.
A. It gives more judiciary power than legislature and executive.
B. It allows different organs of government placed at the
same level to exercise different powers.
C. It influences and coordinates in the decision-making process.
D. It gives representation to different ideologies at political level.
Power Sharing – Tb pg. no. 8

14. Consider the following statements regarding power sharing 1 PS/U

arrangements in Belgium and identify the incorrect one from the
following.
A. The State government to be subordinate to the Central
government.
B. Separate government for Brussels with equal representation of
communities.
C. Equal number of members from Dutch and French community
in the central government.
D. Community government elected by people belonging to one
language.
Power Sharing – Tb pg. no. 4

15. Gandhiji said, “Religion can never be separated from politics”. Which 1 PS/An
of the following correctly explains the meaning of the given
statement?
A. Demanded special steps from the government to protect
religious minorities.
B. Politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.
C. Politics is guided by any particular religion.
D. Ideas drawn from different religions should not play a role in
politics.
Gender, Religion and Caste – Tb pg. no. 46

16. In the following question, two statements are given as Assertion (A) 1 PS/An
and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): Democracy is a better form of government.
Reason (R): Democracy enhances the dignity of the individual.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of
A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

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 C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Outcomes of Democracy – Tb pg. no. 90

17. Anil is an employee of a multinational company who gets transferred 1 E/Ap

to different countries after every three years of service. He has been
given an opportunity to choose any one out of the three countries
mentioned in the table below as his next job location. He calculates
average income of all these countries as per the given data and
chooses to be transferred to Country A.
Why has Anil chosen the Country A?
Monthly income of citizens in 2007 (in Rupees)
I II III IV V
Country A 9000 10800 9500 10000 10500
Country B 600 600 600 500 48000
Country C 5000 1000 15000 4000 25000

A. Average income of its citizens is lower.

B. National income of its citizens is higher.
C. Has most equitable distribution of income.
D. Most of its citizens are rich.
Development – Tb pg. no. 9

18. According to 2017-2018 data, the share of different sectors in 1 E/An

employment (in percentage) in India was:
Primary sector – 44%
Secondary sector – 25%
Tertiary sector – 31%
Why is this percentage of employment in primary sector high? Select
the most suitable option from the following.
A. Efforts of labour are not equivalent in all the sectors.
B. Low job opportunities in secondary sector.
C. Workers in the primary sector are underemployed.
D. Outsourcing of job opportunities in tertiary sector.
Sectors of the Indian Economy - Tb pg. no. 26

19. Which one of the following public sector plants is located in 1 G/R
Chhattisgarh?
A. Bokaro Steel Plant

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 B. Bhilai Steel Plant
C. Durgapur Steel Plant
D. Rourkela Steel Plant
Manufacturing Industries – Tb pg. no. 70

20. Which one of the following minerals is contained in the monazite 1 G/R
sands of Kerala?
A. Petroleum
B. Thorium
C. Uranium
D. Coal
Minerals and Energy Resources – Tb pg. no. 60

SECTION B
VERY SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS (2X4=8)
21. How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in 2 H/An
Europe? Explain.
• With the printing press, a new reading public emerged.
Printing reduced the cost of books.
• The time and labour required to produce each book came
down, and multiple copies could be produced with greater
ease. Books flooded the market, reaching out to an ever-
growing readership.
• Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier,
reading was restricted to the elites. Common people lived in a
world of oral culture. They heard sacred texts read out,
ballads recited, and folk tales narrated. Knowledge was
transferred orally. People collectively heard a story, or saw a
performance. They did not read a book individually and
silently.
• Before the age of print, books were not only expensive but
they could not be produced in sufficient numbers. Now books
could reach out to wider sections of people. If earlier there
was a hearing public, now a reading public came into being.
• Any other relevant points.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Print Culture and the Modern World – Tb pg. no. 111

22. What are the ways to increase employment opportunities in rural 2 E/U
areas?
• People can be employed in projects like construction of

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 dam/canal/ roads in the village.
• Government invests and employs people in providing
transportation and storage services.
• People can be employed in services like banking, trade, etc.
• Government can identify, promote industries and services in
semi-rural areas to enhance employment.
• Government can open centres to give them training and
financial assistance to help them become self-employed.
• Any other relevant points
(Any two points to be explained)
Sectors of Indian Economy – Tb pg. no. 28, 29

23. Mention any two provisions that make India a secular country. 2 PS/An
• There is no official religion for the Indian state. Our
Constitution does not give a special status to any religion.
• The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities
freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, or
not to follow any.
• The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of
religion.
• Secularism is an idea constitutes one of the foundations of our
country.
• At the same time the Constitution allows the state to
intervene in the matters of religion in order to ensure equality
within religious communities.
• Any other relevant point
(Any two points with explanation)
Gender, Religion and Caste – Tb pg. no. 48, 49
OR
Mention how caste can take several forms in politics.
Caste can take several forms:
• When parties choose candidates in elections they keep in
mind the caste composition.
• Political parties and candidates in elections make appeals to
caste sentiments to muster support.
• No parliamentary constituency in the country has the clear
majority of one single caste so every candidate and party
needs to win the confidence of more than one caste and
community.
• Any other relevant point to be explained.
(Accept any two points)
Gender, Religion and Caste – Tb pg. no. 51, 53

24. Why did the industrialists and people living in cities of Britain force 2 H/An

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 the government to abolish Corn Laws in the 18th century? Give any
two reasons.
• Population growth from the late 18th century had increased
the demand for food grains in Britain pushing up the prices.
As urban centres expanded and industry grew, the demand
for agricultural products went up, pushing up food grain
prices. Under pressure from landed groups, the government
restricted the import of corn. The laws allowing the
government to do this were commonly known as the ‘Corn
Laws’.
• Unhappy with high food prices, industrialists and urban
dwellers forced the abolition of the Corn Laws.
The Making of a Global World – Tb pg. no. 57

SECTION C
SHORT-ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS (3X5=15)
25. “Average income is useful for comparison but it may hide disparities.” 3 E/An
Support the statement with suitable arguments.
While average income is useful for comparison, it may hide
disparities:
• Per capita income doesn’t tell us anything about the
distribution of income.
• A poor country with a more equal distribution of income
would be better off than a richer country with unequal
distribution of income.
• Per capita income doesn’t measure various facilities and
services that influence quality of life e.g. health facilities,
education facilities, equal treatment etc.
• Even with a large national income, per capita income will be
low if a country has large population.
• Any other relevant points
(Any three points to be explained)
Development – Tb pg. no. 10-11

26. Briefly explain the important features of the language policy in India. 3 PS/An
• A second test for Indian federation is the language policy. Our
Constitution did not give the status of national language to
any one language. Hindi was identified as the official
language. But Hindi is the mother tongue of only about 40
per cent of Indians. Therefore, there were many safeguards to
protect other languages.
• Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognised as
Scheduled Languages by the Constitution.

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 • A candidate in an examination conducted for the Central
Government positions may opt to take the examination in any
of these languages. States too have their own official
languages.
• Much of the government work takes place in the official
language of the concerned State.
• According to the Constitution, the use of English for official
purposes was to stop in 1965. However, many non- Hindi
speaking States demanded that the use of English continue. In
Tamil Nadu, this movement took a violent form. The Central
Government responded by agreeing to continue the use of
English along with Hindi for official purposes. Many critics
think that this solution favoured the English speaking elite.
• Promotion of Hindi continues to be the official policy of the
Government of India. Promotion does not mean that the
Central Government can impose Hindi on States where people
speak a different language.
(Accept any three points)
Federalism – Tb pg. no. 20

27. Describe the role of industries in the development of agriculture. 3 G/U

• Manufacturing industries not only help in modernising
agriculture, which forms the backbone of our economy, they
also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural
income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary
sectors.
• Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other. They
move hand in hand. For instance, the agro-industries in India
have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its
productivity. They depend on the latter for raw materials and
sell their products such as irrigation pumps, fertilisers,
insecticides, pesticides, plastic and PVC pipes, machines and
tools, etc. to the farmers.
• Thus, development and competitiveness of manufacturing
industry has not only assisted agriculturists in increasing their
production but also made the production processes very
efficient.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Manufacturing Industries – Tb pg. no. 63, 64

28. Examine the role of Information Technology in stimulating the 3 E/An

globalisation process.
Information technology has played a phenomenal role in

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 boosting the process of globalisation. Some of the ways by which
it has achieved are as follows:
• Telecommunication facilities (telegraph, telephone including
mobile phones, fax) are used to contact one another around
the world, to access information instantly, and to
communicate from remote areas. This has been facilitated by
satellite communication devices.
• The internet being the most incredible invention in the IT
sector has further reduced the distance between the countries
and people.
• Information Technology has played a major role in spreading
out production of services across countries. A product is
designed in one part of the world, assembled in another, sold
in yet another country. This coordination and supervision
across different geographic locations has been made possible
due to the internet.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Globalization and Indian Economy – Tb pg. no. 63

29. Explain any three beliefs of the conservatism that emerged after 1815. 3 H/An
• Conservatives believed that established, traditional
institutions of state and society – the Church, social
hierarchies, property and family should be preserved.
• They also realized that modernization could strengthen
traditional institutions like the monarchy and a return to the
society of the pre-revolutionary days was not required. This
could, eventually, contribute towards making state power
more effective and strong.
• The belief that abolition of feudalism and serfdom, replacing
it with a modern army, an efficient bureaucracy and a strong
economy could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of
Europe.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Tb pg. no. 10
OR
Briefly explain the Greek War of Independence.
Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the fifteenth
century. The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe
sparked off a struggle for independence amongst the Greeks
which began in 1821.
Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in
exile and also from many West Europeans who had sympathies
for ancient Greek culture. Poets and artists lauded Greece as the
cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public opinion to

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 support its struggle against a Muslim empire. The English poet
Lord Byron organised funds and later went to fight in the war,
where he died of fever in 1824. Finally, the Treaty of
Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent
nation.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Tb pg. no. 13

SECTION D
LONG-ANSWER BASED QUESTIONS (5X4=20)
30. Analyse the physiographic factors that have influenced the 5 G/An
distribution pattern of the railway network in our country.
Rail transport is the most convenient mode of transport. The
distribution pattern of the Railway network in the country has
been largely influenced by physiographic, economic and
administrative factors.
Physiographic factors:
• The northern plains with their vast level land, high population
density and rich agricultural resources provided the most
favourable condition for their growth.
• However, a large number of rivers requiring construction of
bridges across their wide beds posed some obstacles. In the
hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid
through low hills, gaps or tunnels.
• The Himalayan mountainous regions too are unfavourable for
the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse
population and lack of economic opportunities.
• Likewise, it was difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plain
of western Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat, forested tracks of
Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand.
• The contiguous stretch of Sahyadri could be crossed only
through gaps or passes (Ghats). In recent times, the
development of the Konkan railway along the west coast has
facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in this
most important economic region of India. It has also faced a
number of problems such as sinking of track in some stretches
and landslides.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Lifelines of National Economy – Tb pg. no. 82, 83
OR
“Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development
of the country.” Analyse the statement.

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 Means of Transport are pre-requisites for fast development of
the country:
• For carrying passengers and things from one place to another
• Raw material can reach factories faster.
• The movement of the finished goods from their supply
locations to demand locations necessitates the need for
transport.
• Mobility of labour force also increases.
• Some people are engaged in facilitating the movements are
known as traders who make the products come to the
consumers by transportation.
• Today, the world has been converted into a large village with
the help of efficient and fast moving transport.
• They easily and quickly transport men and material from one
place to another.
• They provide immediate relief in times of war & calamities
• Any other relevant point.
(Any five points to be explained)
Lifelines of National Economy – Tb pg. no. 79

31. Explain the necessity of political parties in a democracy. 5 PS/U

• Elected representative will be accountable to their
constituency for what they do in the locally.
• The rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence
of representative democracies.
• Large scale societies need representative democracy.
• As societies became large and complex, they also need some
agency to gather different views on various issues and to
present these to the government.
• They needed some way to bring various representatives
together so that a responsible government could be formed.
• Political parties fulfil these needs that every representative
government has.
(Any five points to be explained)
Political Parties – TB pg. no. 74, 75
OR
Define the two-party system. Explain its advantages and
disadvantages.
Two party system:
In a democratic system power usually changes between two main
parties, several other parties may exists but only the two main
parties have a serious chance of winning majority of seats to
form government is known as two party system. (1 mark)
Advantages:

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 • Several other parties contest election.
• Clarity of manifestoes and programs.
• Political stabilities.
• Fair chance of competition among parties.
• Representation of various ideologies.
(Any two points to be explained) (2 marks)
Disadvantages:
• Limited choice to the voters.
• Limited representation.
• Limited scope for plural society.
• Any other relevant points
(Any two points to be explained) (2 marks)
Political Parties – TB pg. no. 77

32. “Public sector contributes to the economic development of India.” 5 E/An

Justify the statement.
• It promotes rapid economic development through creation
and expansion of infrastructure.
• It creates employment opportunities.
• It generates financial resources for development.
• It is ensuring equality of income, wealth and thus, a balanced
regional development.
• It encourages development of small, medium and cottage
industries.
• It ensures easy availability of goods at moderate rates.
• Contributes to community development, Human
Development Index i.e. health and educational services.
• Any other relevant points
(Accept any five points)
Sectors of the Indian Economy – TB pg. no. 33, 34
OR
“Tertiary sector is playing a significant role in the development of the
Indian economy.” Justify the statement.
Tertiary sector has gained a very important position in the Indian
Economy:
• Basic services: Tertiary sector has become the largest producer
in India because various kinds of services such as hospitals,
educational institutions, post and telegraph services,
transports, banks, insurance companies, etc. are required.
• Development of primary and secondary sectors: Greater the
development of primary and secondary sectors more would
be the demand for services. The development of agriculture
and industry leads to the development of services such as
transport, trade and storage etc.

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 • Rise in income levels: As income levels rise, certain sections of
people start demanding many more services like eating out in
restaurants, tourism, shopping, complexes, private hospitals,
private schools and professional training centres.
• Rise in information technology: Over the past decade or so,
certain new services, such as those based on information and
communication technology have become important and
essential.
• Globalization: Due to globalization, people have become
aware of new services and activities, and communication
because of which the tertiary sector has gained importance.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Sectors of Indian Economy – TB Pg. no. 24, 25

33. “The Civil Disobedience Movement saw the participation of different 5 H/An
social classes and groups.” Why did the different social groups join
the Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain.
The reasons for the participation of various social classes and
groups in Civil Disobedience Movement are as follows:
• Rich peasants – Rich peasant communities like patidars of
Gujarat and the jats of Uttar Pradesh joined the movement
because, being producers of commercial crops they were hard
hit by the trade depression and falling prices. Due to the
refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand
made them fight against high revenues.
• Poor peasants – Joined the movement because they found it
difficult to pay rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the
landlord to be remitted.
• Business class – They reacted against colonial policies that
restricted activities because they were keen on expanding
their business and for this they wanted protection against
imports of foreign goods. They thought that Swaraj would
cancel colonial restrictions and trade would flourish without
restrictions.
• Industrial working class – They did not participate in large
numbers except in the Nagpur region. Some workers did
participate in, selectively adopting some of the Gandhian
programme, like boycott of foreign goods, as a part of their
own movements against low wages and poor working
conditions.
• Women – There were large scale participation of women in
the movement. They participated in protest marches,
manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor
shops. Many went to jail.

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 (Accept the answer as a whole)
Nationalism in India – Tb pg. no. 41 – 43
OR
Why was the ‘Salt March’ considered an effective symbol of resistance
against colonialism? Explain.
The Salt March was an effective symbol of resistance against
colonialism because:
• Gandhiji met a large number of commoners during the march
and he taught them the true meaning of swaraj and non-
violence.
• It was the first time that Indian leaders decided to violate law.
People were now asked not only to refuse cooperation with
the British, but also to break colonial laws.
• Thousands of Indians in different parts of the country broke
the salt law, manufactured salt and demonstrated in front of
the government salt factories. With this, Gandhiji set forth an
example to the whole nation of how the oppressor could be
confronted in a non-violent manner.
• People also started boycotting foreign cloth. Peasants refused
to pay revenue and ‘chaukidari taxes’. In many places people
started going into the reserved forests by violating forest laws
to collect wood and graze cattle.
• Worried by the development, the colonial government started
arresting the Congress leaders, one by one. This led to violent
clashes in many places.
• After Gandhiji got arrested, some industrial workers in
Sholapur attacked police posts, municipal buildings and many
other structures that symbolised the British rule.
• In an outcome of the movement, the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was
signed between Gandhiji and Irwin on 5th March, 1931. By
this Pact, Gandhiji consented to participate in a Round Table
Conference in London and the government agreed to release
the political prisoners.
(Accept the answer as a whole)
Nationalism in India – Tb pg. no. 39, 40

SECTION-E
CASE-BASED QUESTIONS (4x3=12)
34. Read the source given below and answer the following questions. 4 G/Ev
Planning is the widely accepted strategy for judicious use of
resources. It has importance in a country like India, which has
enormous diversity in the availability of resources. There are regions
which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some

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 other resources. There are some regions which can be considered
self-sufficient in terms of the availability of resources and there are
some regions which have acute shortage of some vital resources. For
example, the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh
are rich in minerals and coal deposits. Arunachal Pradesh has
abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural
development. The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar
and wind energy but lacks in water resources. The cold desert of
Ladakh is relatively isolated from the rest of the country. It has very
rich cultural heritage but it is deficient in water, infrastructure and
some vital minerals. This calls for balanced resource planning at the
national, state, regional and local levels.
34.1 Why is resource planning necessary? 1
Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence of all life
forms and judicious use of resources.

34.2 Name a state where wind energy is abundant. 1

The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with wind energy.

34.3 “This calls for balanced resource planning at the national, state, 2
regional and local levels.” Mention any two processes involved in
resource planning.
Resource planning is a complex process which involves:
• Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of
the country. This involves surveying, mapping and qualitative
and quantitative estimation, and measurement of the
resources.
• Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate
technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing
resource development plans.
• Matching the resource development plans with overall
national development plans.
(Accept any two points)
Resources and Development – Tb pg. no. 4

35. Read the source given below and answer the following questions. 4 PS/Ev
In a democracy, we are most concerned with ensuring that people will
have the right to choose their rulers and people will have control over
the rulers. Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should be able
to participate in decision making that affects them all. Therefore, the
most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a
government that is accountable to the citizens and responsive to the

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 needs and expectations of the citizens. Some people think that
democracy produces less effective government. It is, of course, true
that non-democratic rulers are very quick and efficient in decision
making and implementation, whereas, democracy is based on the
idea of deliberation and negotiation.

35.1 What is meant by democracy? 1

Democracy can be defined as a political system in which people
have the right of choosing or changing their rulers who are
answerable to them.

35.2 How does democracy produce an accountable government? 1

Democracy produces an accountable government by giving the
citizens the right to examine the process by which decisions are
made.

35.3 What are the expected outcomes of democracy? Mention any 2

two.
The expected outcomes of democracy are as follows:
• Democratic government produces a chosen and accountable
government, elected by the people.
• A government that is responsive to the needs of the people.
• Democracy produces economic growth and development,
reducing all forms of inequality and end of poverty.
• Democracy accommodates all social diversities.
• Ensuring the dignity and freedom of individuals.
(Accept any two points)
Outcomes of Democracy – Tb pg. no. 91

36. Read the source given below and answer the following questions. 4 E/Ev
Swapna, a small farmer, grows groundnut on her three acres of land.
She takes a loan from the moneylender to meet the expenses of
cultivation, hoping that her harvest would help repay the loan.
Midway through the season the crop is hit by pests and the crop fails.
Though Swapna sprays her crops with expensive pesticides, it makes
little difference. She is unable to repay the moneylender and the debt
grows over the year into a large amount. Next year, Swapna takes a
fresh loan for cultivation. It is a normal crop this year. But the
earnings are not enough to cover the old loan. She is caught in debt.
She has to sell a part of the land to pay off the debt.

36.1 Is the source of credit formal or informal? 1

informal

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 36.2 How are these sources of credit different from loans given by 1
banks? State any one point.
• Banks are formal sources of credit whereas moneylenders are
informal sources. Banks charge lesser rates of interest than
informal sources.
• Informal sources can use unfair means to get their money
back.

36.3 Swapna’s case, described in the above passage, is an example of 2

the debt-trap. Examine any two situations in which credit pushes the
borrower into a debt-trap.
• Loans from the informal sector lead to debt-trap.
• Lack of planning results in debt.
• Difficulty in repaying loans due to certain circumstances.
• Higher interest rates.
(Accept any two points)
Money and Credit – Tb pg. no. 43

SECTION-F
MAP-SKILL BASED QUESTION (2+3=5)
37. 37.1 Two places, A and B are marked on the given political outline 1×2= H/Ap
map of India. 2
Identify these places with the help of the following information and
write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.
A. The place where Civil Disobedience Movement was held –
Dandi (Gujarat)
B. The place where Session of Indian National Congress was held in
September, 1920 – Calcutta
37.2 On the same outline map of India, locate and label any THREE of 1×3= G/Ap
the following with suitable symbols. 3
A. Hirakud Dam
B. Noida Software Technology Park
C. Kandla Port
D. Raja Sansi - Sri Guru Ram Dass jee International Airport
Nationalism in India --
Water Resources – Tb pg. no. 28
Manufacturing Industries – Tb pg. no. 75
Lifelines of the National Economy – Tb pg. no. 87
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

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