S e S S n 4

Charts and Graphs

Obyceteves
A Types of Charts in Calc
A Editing Charts
A Exporting Charts

Introduction
Visual representation have always been preferred whenever loads of data is to be presented
simultaneouslv. that is the reason every spreadsheet software provides Charts and Graphts
isre so that data can be visually represented in different ways.
l this session, you shalllearn to create charts of various types using Calc software.

Charts in Ooo Calc

Charts (Graphs) are the pictorial representation of worksheet DEF.
data. Charts present worksheet data in graphical or pictorial Charts (Graphs) are the
form, which is easier to read and understand. Charts help you pictorial representation
evaluate your worksheet data and analyze them conveniently of worksheet data.
that otherwise may be very difficult to spot in the worksheet.
00oCalc supports many types of charts. Let us learn what
types of charts are supported by O0oCalc. O00 Calc Chart types
4.2.1 Chart Types of OOo Calc Area chart
Column chart
Areo chart Bar chart
An area chart emphasizes the magnitude of change over time. By Line chart
displaying the sum of plotted values, an area chart also shows Pie chart
the relationship of parts to a whole. Donut chart
Seles By Company
XY chart
|am an
160000 Net chart
40000 Area Chart.
120000 * Stock chart
19000
Column and Line chart
60000 O2012
4000 2011

2000 o2010
Creations
Ltd Ltd
Pace
Figure 4.1 shows an area chart

Company

Frqure e4.1 An Area chart in

00o Calc 209
 210 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.

2. Column chari
A column chart shows data Sales By Company
changes over a period of time or
100000 See, this is a
90000
80000 Simple column
illustrates comparisons among 70000
60000
chart.
items. Categories are organized 50000
40000 o2010
30000
horizontally, values vertically, to 20000
Poymers
Apex Creations
Ltd
2011

o2012
10000 Ltd
Pace Sanya
&
Co
emphasize variation over time.
Figure 4.2 shows a column chart.
Company

One variation of column chart is

stacked column chart and another
is 3-D chart. Fiqure 4.2 A column chart

The stacked column charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole. Figure 43
shows a stacked column chart.

Sales By Company So, this is

160000
Stacked colurmn
140000
120000 chart.
100000
80000
o2012
60000
B2011
40000
20000 o2010
Lud Ltd
Pace
ons Sanya
&
ati
Cre
Company

Figure 4.3 Astacked Column chart

The 3-D chart shows three dimensional columns. Figure 4.4 shows a 3-D column chart.
Sales By Company
Hmm! This is a 3-D
100000 chart. Look at the
Sales
80000 three dimensional
a2010 columns.
60000
2011
40000 o2012

20000
Apex
Polymers 2012
abons
Cre
Ltd Ltd.
Pace &
Sanya
Co. 2011
2010
Company

Fiqure 4.4 A 3-D chart

3. Bar chart

A bar chart illustrates comparisons among individual items. organised

Categories are
vertically, values horizontally, to focus on comparing values and to place less emphas1s o
time.
 4:
CHARTS AND GRAPHS 211
Session

Figure4.5shows
a bar chart. Bar chart
Called histogram
Sales By Company
This is a Bar Chart. Numerical dimensions
See the difference in are shown in bars or:
Sme& o appearance of column
chart and bar chart.
varying length
o2012
2011
Shows comparisons
o 2010 3 Multiple comparisons
CeaonsLte are possible

Aers Ayrs

60000 B0000 100000

20000
Seles

Figure 4.5 Abar chart

Sales By Company Hey! Look at

this. It is Stacked One variation of bar chart is
Bar Chart.
Saya &Co
stacked bar chart. The stacked bar
chart shows the relationship of
Pace Ltd
o2010 individual items to the whole.
Creabons Ltd
2011 Figure 4.6 shows a stacked bar
o2012
chart.
Apex Polymers

50000 100000 150000 200000

Sales

Fiqure 4.6 A Stacked Bar chart

4. Line chort
line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. Line charts are useful for depicting the
A
and rate of
change in a value over a period of time. Line graphs emphasize upon time flow
change, rather than amount of change. Figure 4.7 shows a line chart.
Sales By Company Line chart
100000
90000
See, this is Shows comparisons.
80000 Line chart. * Sometimes called a
70000
60000 frequency polygon.
50000 -2010
o 4000n -2011
Widely Used.
30000 2012 Clarifies and communicates :
20000
10000
relationship through time.
Don't use more than one
Apex Polymers Creaons Lo. Pace Lid Sanya & Co
comparison for each visual.
Company

Figure 4.7 A Line chart

5. Pie chort
make up adata series to the sum of the
ppe chart shows the proportional size of items that
items. It always shows only one data series and is useful when you want to emphasize a
series relates proportionally to
Significant Pie charts highlight how each value in data
element.
the whole i.e., the sum of the values in the series.
UNIT IV: ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET
 212 INFORMATION TECHNOOGr

Pie Chart
Figure 4.8 shows a pie chart.
Division of the whole or parts;
of the whole.
sales By Company Here comes the Pie
Easy to grasp. Chart displaying the
Lay out largest portions first: proportional
iterns
size f
20000 24 OAper
clock-wise position. 30000 35%
Potyme
OCretons

Label larger portions in the: LId

GPxe L
circle, smaller outside with: 10000 1Z%
OSanya
connecting lines. 25000 29,

Don't make the proportions

too small-group if youcan.
Figure 4.8 A pie chart
6. Donut Chart
Toshow the proportional nature of your data but want to include more than one data series, a
donut chart is the best option. The donut chart is also a circular chart like Pie Chart. Adonut
chart can have extra layers. The extra layer attempts to give pies another dimension of time.
Sales By Salesmen
This is a
Donut chart
MJyin
donut chart.
* Represents value data as BRahu

P percentages of the whole. Sidáqu

M Joana

A Categories are represented u David

MGurmeet
R by individual slices. Megha

B Figure 4.9 A Donut chart

7. XY (Scatter) chort
An XY (scatter) chart either Sales by Company
55000 Now this one is
shows the relation- ships A AP LId XY chart, which is
among the numeric values in 47500 A SLId a scatter chart.
several data series or plots 40000 CRC LId
A PC LId.
AP Ltd "2010
two groups of numbers as 32500
SLId
PC Ltd 2011
one series of XY coordinates. SLId
25000 W CRC Ltd 2012
PC LId
This chart shows uneven 17500
AP LId.
CRC Ltd
intervals or cluster - of data 10000
and is commonly used for 05 15 25 35 45

scientific data.
XY (scatter) chart
* Displays series as a set of points.
Values are represented by the position :
of the point in chart space.
8. Net Chart
Figure 4.10 AXY chart
Figure 4.10 shows an XY chart.
When you arrange your data, place x values in one row or
column, and then enter corresponding y values in the
adjacent rows or columns.

A Net chart displays data values as points connected by some lines, in a grid net tnat
resembles a spider net or a radar tube display.
 213
4: CHARTS AND GRAPHS
Session

of chart data, aradial is shown on Green

For each row 50

which the data is

plotted. All data values
aresshown
with the same scale, so all data values
Blue Orange
should have about the same magnitude.
Net chart
as connected
Represents data values
of a net.
noints in form Red Violet
row of data
Different radial for each With alcohol Without alcohol

Figure 4.11 A Net Chart

9 Stock Chart
AStock chart illustrates the market trend given by opening price, bottom price, top price and
nsing price. The transaction volume can also be shown. Fig. 4.12 shows asample stock chart.
Sales by Company
Stock chart 55000 Now this one is
A AP LId. XY chart, which is
Displays series as a set of lines
47500 A S LId a scatter chart.

with markers for high, low, close 40000 A CRCLtd

A PC Ltd "2010
AP Lta 9Ld
and open values. 32500
PC LIa. 2011
Values are represented by the 25000 CRCLId. 2012

height of the marker as measured

PC Lta.
AP LId
17500
CRC Ltd
10000
15 25 35 45

Figure 4.12 AXY chart

We are not going into details of stock chart here as its coverage is beyond the scope of the book.
10. Column and Line Chart
A Column and Line chart is a combination of a Column chart with a Line
chart. Figure 4.13
shows a sample column and line chart.

Bars Crackers Snacks Cookies

Column & Line chart
4000
: It is a combination of a column chart; 3500
and a line chart.
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500

New Delhi Lucknow Shimla Ooty

Figure 4.13 A Column andLine Chart

42.2 Components of a Chart
in textual way
re are various components of a chart. Since discussing the chart components
aa difficult thing, we have shown various components in Fig. 4.14(0).
UNIT IVa ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET
 214 INFORMATION TECHNOLOCy
Chart area Chart title Plot area (with
Different
white colour
parts of a 2D
Sales By Company
Figure 4.14(b) shows the chart

corresponding ranges/ series in a 45000

Gndlines
worksheet. The chart shown in 5000 w 2011

Fig. 4.14(a) is entirely based 25000

u 2013/

upon worksheet shown in 15000

Legends
Fig. 4.14(b). Y-axis Company -Company
Title Nanes
Y-axis X-axis X-axis Title

Fiqure 4.14 (a) Atwo-dimensional chart

Hey! Look at the worksheet A B C D

used to create the chart. Sales by Company
Also, look at different parts
9
Legends
that contributed to form 10 2010 2011 2012 representing
11 AP Ltd. 20000 35000 42000 various data
different parts of the chart. series
12 CR Ltd. 27000 45000 40000
13 P Ltd. 25000 30000 45000

14 S&Co. 30000 25000 48000)

15

X-axis Labels First data Second data Third data

P series series series

A
Fiqure 4.14 (6) The worksheet responsible for chart in part
R
T The following lines talk about these components one by one:
B
X-axis This is the horizontal axis known as category axis.
Y-axis This is the vertical axis known as value axis. The X and Y axes
divide the XY plane into four quadrants.
Data series This is the set of values you want to plot in the chart.
Chart area This the total region surrounding the chart.
Plot area This is the area of chart in which your data is plotted. The plot
area is bounded by axes in a 2-D chart.
Chart Title This is the descriptive text aimed at helping user identify the
chart.

Axes titles These are the titles given to three axes i.e., X, Y and Z axes.

Legend The legends help you identify various plotted data series. Each
series can be uniquely identified by assigning a unique colour
or pattern. This unique colour or pattern which identifies a data
series, is known as legend.
Gridlines These are the horizontal and vertical lines in the plot area. The
gridlines are inserted in the chart to enhance its readability.
Data label This is a label that provides additional information about a data
marker, which represents a single data item or value coming
from a worksheet cell.