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Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word for Mount Everest, derived from words sagar (सगर् ) meaning "sky" and māthā (माथा) meaning "head".[3][4]
History
Sagarmatha National Park was established in 1976. In 1979, it became the country's first national park that was inscribed as a Natural World Heritage
Site. In January 2002, a Buffer Zone comprising 275 km2 (106 sq mi) was added.[1] Under the Buffer Zone Management Guidelines the conservation of
forests, wildlife and cultural resources received top priority, followed by conservation of other natural resources and development of alternative
energy.[5] Landscape in the national park
Sagarmatha
Tourism to the area began in the early 1960s. In 2003, about 19,000 tourists arrived. As of 2005, about 3,500 Sherpa people lived in villages and National
Park
seasonal settlements situated along the main tourist trails.[6]
Landscape
The park contains the upper catchment areas of the Dudh Kosi river, Bhotekoshi river basin and the Gokyo Lakes. It is largely composed of rugged
terrain and gorges of the high Himalayas, ranging from 2,845 m (9,334 ft) at Monjo to the top of the world's highest peak Sagarmatha (Mount Everest)
at 8,848 m (29,029 ft) above sea level. Other peaks above 6,000 m (20,000 ft) are Lhotse, Cho Oyu, Thamserku, Nuptse, Amadablam and Pumori.
Barren land above 5,000 m (16,000 ft) comprises 69% of the park while 28% is grazing land and the remaining 3% is forested. Climatic zones include a
forested temperate zone, a subalpine zone above 3,000 m (9,800 ft), and an alpine zone above 4,000 m (13,000 ft) that constitutes the upper limit of
vegetation growth. The nival zone starts at 5,000 m (16,000 ft).[1]
Wildlife
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The forests in the subalpine belt consist of fir, Himalayan birch and rhododendron. Juniper and rhododendron prevail at elevations of 4,000–5,000 m
(13,000–16,000 ft). Mosses and lichens grow above 5,000 m (16,000 ft).[7] More than 1,000 floral species were recorded in the national park.[1] Location Koshi, Nepal
Nearest city Namche, Khumjung
External links
Flowers at an elevation of 5,000 m
BirdLife International. "Important Bird Areas factsheet: Sagarmatha National Park" (http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/14342).
"Sagarmatha National Park" (http://www.dnpwc.gov.np/protected_areas/details/sagarmathanationalpark). Department of National Parks and Wildlife
Conservation, Nepal.
Official UNESCO website entry (https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/120)