All rights reserved Question Paper No.

10
General Certificate of Education (Advance Level) Examination, October 2023

02 E II
Chemistry II Three Hours
Additional reading time 10 minutes

Index number:...............................................

• Use of calculators is not allowed.

• Avogadro constant N! = 6.022 × 10"# mol$1
• Planck constant h = 6.626 × 10$34 Js
• The speed of light c = 3 × 10% ms $1
• Universal gas constant R = 8.314 JK $1 mol$1

v Part A - Structured Essay (pages 2 - 10)

• Answer all the questions on the paper itself.
• Write your answer in the space provided for each question. Please note that space provided is
sufficent for the answer and that extensive answers are not expected.

v Part B and Part C - Essay (pages 11 – 15)

• Answer all questions.
• At the end of the time allocated for this paper, tie the answers to the three parts A,B and C
together so that part A is on the top and hand them over to the supervisor.
• You are permitted to take only part B and C of the question paper from the Examination Hall.

For Examiner’s use only.

Part Question no. Marks Final marks
01 In numbers
02 In words
A
03
04
Signature
05 Answer sheet
B 06 examiner
07 Supervised by
08
C 09
10
Total
Percentage

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |1

 Part A – Structured Essay
• Answer all 4 question in this paper. (Each question carries 10 marks.)

(01) (a) Write balanced equations for the reactions that occur in the following cases.

(i) Bubbling SO" gas through distilled water.

(ii) Stirring an aqueous AgNO# solution with a copper wire.

(iii) Addition of an iron (III) chloride solution to an acidic sodium dichromate solution.

(iv) Bubbling of Cl2 gas through distilled water.

(b) Arrange the following in the order in which the given property within parentheses
decreases. (Reasons are not necessary.)

(i) HCOH, HCOOH, CO"$

# , CO" (Electronegativity of carbon)

(ii) F" , Cl" , O" , N" , CO (Bond length)

(iii) Na, Mg, Zn, P (Acidity of oxides)

(iv) Ca2& , Ar, Cl$ , S "$ (Radius of iso-electronic variants)

(c) The structure of peroxocarbonate (H" CO' ) is given below.

O
|
H−O− C −O−O−H

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |2

 (i) Draw a most acceptable Lewis structure for this molecule.

(ii) Draw the possible resonance structures for this molecule. (except the structure drawn
in (i) above)

(iii) The C and O atoms in (i) above are labeled as follows.

4
O
|
H − O) − C " − O# − O − H

In labeled atoms, state the

(I) The electron pair geometry around the atom.
(II) Shape around the atom.
(III) Hybridization of the atom.

Atom 𝐎𝟏 𝐂𝟐 𝐎𝟑
(I) Electron pair geometry
(II) Shape
(III) Hybridization

(iv) State the atomic / hybrid orbitals involved in the formation of the following 𝜎 bonds
in the Lewis structure drawn in section (i) above.

(I) H − O) H ..................... O) .....................

(II) O) − C " O) ..................... C" .....................
(III) C " − O' C " ..................... O' .....................

(02) (a) X is an element in the p-block of the periodic table whose atomic number is less than 20.
When X burns in air, X1 colorless gas is formed. X1 has a bitter odor. X1 is easily soluble
in water. When a solution of BaCl2 is added to this solution, white precipitate X2 is formed.
When X2 is dissolved in dilute HCl , product X3 which is a weak acid is given. X)

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |3

 decolorizes an acidic potassium permanganate solution. When X) is oxidized it gives the
gas X' . For the industrial production of strong acid X- the gas X' is used.

(i) Identify X and draw the structure of it in the crystalline solid state.
X: ……………………
Structure of X:

(ii) Write the electronic configuration of X at its ground state …………………………...

(iii) What are the common positive oxidation states of X?..................................................
(iv) Write the chemical formulas of the following compounds.
X) : .....................................................................
X" : .....................................................................
X# : .....................................................................
X' : .....................................................................
X- : .....................................................................
(v) Draw the structures of the most stable structures of X) and X' . Show the approximate
bond angles of each structure.

X) X"

(vi) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between X1 and acidified
potassium permanganate.
.......................................................................................................................................

(b) (i) State how the electronegativity, atomic radius and first ionization energy change from
left to right through the third period.

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |4

 Electronegativity ..........................................................................................
Atomic radius ..........................................................................................
First ionization energy ..........................................................................................

(ii) Write a common reaction for the thermal decomposition of the nitrate in group II
taking the metal as M.
.......................................................................................................................................

(iii) Arrange the nitrates in group II in the increasing order of their stability (use the <
signs). Explain your answer using the polarization of ions.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................

(iv) Following questions are based on the transition element Mn and compounds of it.

(I) Write down the electronic configuration of Mn.

..............................................................................................................................

(II) State 3 oxidation states shown by Mn.

..............................................................................................................................

(III) For those oxidation states, give the chemical formulas of oxides of Mn and state
whether that they are acidic , basic or amphoteric.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

(IV) Give the IUPAC name of KMnO' .

..............................................................................................................................

(V) Explain why Mn has the lowest boiling point and melting point out of 3d
transition elements.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |5

 (VI) What are the observations you would expect to see when diluted ammonia is
added to a aqueous Mn"& solution and exposed to air?
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

(VII) When conc.KOH is added to an aqueous solution of KMnO' it turns green.

When that green solution is diluted using an acid or water it gives a purple
solution and a black-brown colored precipitate. Write the balanced chemical
equations to explain these observations.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
(VIII) Give a use from each of the following.
01. KMnO' (except as an oxidizing agent)
........................................................................................................................
02. Mn metal
........................................................................................................................

(IX) Give half reactions to show how KMnO' behaves as an oxidizing agent in acidic
and alkaline media.
Acidic medium : ................................................................................................
Alkaline medium : ..............................................................................................

(X) State two problems you would expect when using KMnO' as an oxidizing agent.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

(03) (a) (i) State 2 assumptions in molecular kinetic theory regarding gases.
..............................................................................................................................

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |6

 ..............................................................................................................................

(ii) Write down the molecular kinetic equation for gases and introduce its all terms.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................

(iii) The density of a gas mixture that includes two gases A and B is d at the pressure P.
BBB"B and C
Mean square velocities of A and B gases respectively are C BBB" . For this gas
! .

!"#$%%%%
" & $ %%%%
"(
! #
mixture, show that, 𝑑 = %%%%
" %%%%
"
$ $ ! #

....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(iv) The density of N2 gas at 1.0 x 105 Pa pressure is 1.2 x 10-3 gcm-3. Calculate the mean
square velocity of N2 gas.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(v) Calculate the mean square velocity of O2 gas at the same temperature as the above
N2 gas.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |7

 ....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................

(b) HI(0) gas is decomposed as follows when it is at 150°C and when gold(Au) is used as a
catalyst. Rate of the reaction at that temperature is 7.2 × 10$# mol dm$# min$) . At this
temperature the rate constant is also equal to the rate of the reaction.
!3
2HI(0) J⎯L H"(0) + I"(0)

(i) Show that the order of this reaction is zero using the above data.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................

(ii) If the above reaction was done in a solution with initial concentration of HI(0) 0.5
moldm# at 150°C, Calculate the remaining concentration of HI(0) after 30 minutes.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(iii) Consider the following reaction.
2P(0) ⟶ R (0) : ∆H < 0
This is an elementary reaction. It can be catalyzed by a solid called Z or by a gas
called Y.
01. What is the overall order of the reaction?..............................................................
02. What kind of a catalyst is Z(0) in the context of this reaction?
..................................................................
03. What kind of a catalyst is Y(0) in the context of this reaction?
..................................................................

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |8

 (vii) E1 is the activation energy of the reaction when there is no catalyst. E" is the
activation energy of the reaction when a catalyst is present. Draw energy profiles for
the reaction including E) , ∆H and E", ∆H on the same scale.

(04) (a) A and B are the isomeric hydrocarbons of each containing 2 sp hybridized carbon atoms
and 2 sp3 hybridized carbon atoms. When one of the hydrogen atoms in B is substituted
with a chlorine atom, it gives C which shows optical isomerism. D is obtained when A and
B reacted separately with a mixture of water, mineral acids, and the Y catalyst. D contains
three sp3 hybridized carbon atoms, one sp2 hybridized carbon atom, and one oxygen atom.

(i) Draw the structures of A, B, C, and D.

(ii) What is the catalyst Y?

(iii) How to identify A and B using a chemical experiment?

(b) (i) Draw the optically active and optically inactive structures of D(C6 H12 ). 3-D structures
are not expected.

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 Page |9

 (Optically active) (Optically inactive)

(ii) Does the above compounds show geometrical isomerism?

(iii) E is produced when D is treated with H2 /Pt. Draw the structure of E?

(iv) State whether E shows optical isomerism.

(v) Draw the structure F obtained when D is reacted with Br" /CCl4?

(vi) How many asymmetrical carbon atoms are there in F?

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 10

 Part B

(05) (a) (i) Define the standard dissolution enthalpy of NH' Cl .

(ii) 5.35g of NH' Cl was dissolved in 100 cm# of water. Then the temperature of water
was reduced from 27℃ to 20℃ .(Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 JK $) g $) ,
density 1 gcm$# )
(H = 1, N = 14, Cl = 35.5)

(I) Calculate the molar dissociation enthalpy of NH' Cl.

(II) Calculate the entropy change related to the dissolution of NH4 Cl in water at
27℃ using the data given in the table.
&
NH' Cl(5) NH'(67) Cl$
(67)

∆S/JK $) mol$) 94.5 98.0 153.0

(III) Using a suitable calculation comment on the spontaneity of the reaction at 27

°C.

(b) (i) Standard enthalpy of ionization of hydrogen is +1310 kJmol$) .

(I) Write the equation for the ionization of hydrogen.

(II) The standard first electron gain enthalpy of chlorine is - 364 kJmol$) . Consider
the following data given.

H(0) + Cl(0) J⎯⎯⎯⎯L HCl(0) ; ∆H 8 = −432 kJmol$)

&
HCl(0) J⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯L H(67) + Cl$
(67) ; ∆H 8 = −75 kJmol$)

&
Find the standard enthalpy of the process H(0) + Cl$ & $
(0) J⎯⎯⎯⎯L H(67) + Cl(67)

(ii) Standard hydration enthalpies of some gaseous ions is given below.

Ion Cl$ Br $ I$ Li& Na& K&

Standard enthalpy of hydration /
-380 -350 -310 -520 -400 -320
kJmol$)

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 11

 (I) Using the results in (b) (i) (II), Find the standard hydration enthalpy of a proton.

(II) Explain why your answer is noticeably different from the values in the table.

(06) (a) A closed container contains A(0) at 200K and decomposes at temperatures above 200K
as follows:
A(0) ⇌ product
The change in concentration of A with time at 300K is as follows.

[A] / mol dm$#

a

a/2

a/4
a/8
time / s
0 20 40 60 80

(i) Deduce the order with respect to A.

:.<=#
(ii) If it is given that T)/" = >
, Calculate the rate constant K of the reaction.

(iii) Write the rate expression for the reaction.

(iv) When gas A is contained at 300K in a closed rigid vessel, the initial pressure in vessel
before decomposition of A is 1 × 10' Pa. At 300K calculate the rate of the reaction
R(mol dm$# s $) ).
(v) Calculate the time taken for the completion of 99.9% of the reaction.

(b) A and B are complex compounds that contain Na+ ions and the molecular formula of the
coordination sphere is NiC5N6OS5.No other elements are present in A and B. Both A and B
have the same coordination sphere, C.

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 12

 • A gives four ions in an aqueous solution.
• B gives three ions in an aqueous solution.

(i) Write the electron configuration of Ni.

(ii) State the ligands contained in coordination sphere C and write the formula of C as well.
(iii) Draw the arrangement of C.
(iv) Identify the A and B compounds.
(v) Write the IUPAC name of the compound A.
(vi) When Ni2+ ion combines with ethanediammine(E.D.A) it forms a square planar
coordination sphere. Draw the structure of it such that its shape is represented.

Part C

(07) (i) Using the simplest tertiary alcohol as the only starting compound, show how the
following compound can be synthesized.
CH3
|
CH# − C − O − CH" − CH − CH#
| |
CH3 CH3

(ii) Show how to carry out the following conversion by using the chemicals given in the list
only.

List of chemicals:
NaBH' , HgSO' , dil. H" SO' , conc. H" SO' , PCl- , Mg, ether, NH#

CH# CH#

C≡C−H C=C

(iii) Explain by giving reasons, the variation of the boiling points of these 4 organic
compounds.CH# CH" OH, CH# CH" CH" OH, CH# CH# , CH# CH" COOH

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 13

 (iv)How does the water solubility variate between the above four compounds?

(08) (a) (i) The following question is based on the elements of the s and p blocks in the periodic
table. Identify P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, and Y chemical species in the reaction
scheme below.
∆
P (White solid) J⎯⎯⎯L Q (White solid) + R (Colorless gas)

@AB CDB
Q J⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯L S (Reddish brown gas) + Other products

∆
Q + NH' Cl(5) J⎯⎯⎯LT (White precipitate which gives a + U (colorless gas) + Water vapor
yellow color in flame test)
CA0E
R + V (Colorless gas) J⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯L U + water vapour
FGHIGJ6K3JG

∆
Ca(5) + U J⎯⎯⎯L W (Red brown solid)

W + H" O(L) J⎯⎯L V + another product

∆
Mg (5) + R J⎯⎯⎯L X (White solid)

∆
X + H" O(L) J⎯⎯⎯L Y (Turns phenolphthalein to pink color)

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 14

 (ii) Tests (1), (2), and (3) were performed with an aqueous solution containing Z which is an
inorganic covalent compound. Tests and observations are given below.

Test
1. An acidified suspension of MnO" was
added to the aqueous solution.
2. H" S gas was sent through the aqueous
solution.
3. SO2 gas was sent through the aqueous
solution. Excess SO" was removed and a
BaCl" solution was added.
Observation
Light pink solution was given and
O" gas was evolved.
A light yellow (sometimes white)
turbidity was given.
A white precipitate which is
insoluble in dil.HCl was given.

(I) Identify Z.
(II) Give balanced chemical equations for the reactions that occur in tests (1), (2) and (3).
(III) Give two uses of Z.
(IV) What is the most important intermolecular force in Z?

(b) Show how to carry out the following conversion without exceeding 8 steps using only the
chemicals given in the list.

CH# CH#

CH3 C ≡ CH C=C
CH# CH#

List of chemicals,
NaBH' , HgSO' , dil H" SO' , conc H" SO' , PCl- , Mg, dry ether

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 15

Pasindu Chammika Contact : 071 4354993 P a g e | 16