WORK WORK,ENERGY AND pOWER COLLISIONS

• Work is said to be done when Force • An instance of one moving body striking
produces displacement. with another
SPECIAL UNITS • Collision of car with truck, collision of
balls in snooker are examples.
• 1 hp = 746 W
WORK DONE BY
ALL FORCES CONSERVATION OF
• 1 KWH = 3.6 × 106 J
MOMENTUM
NATURE OF
(1) If netexternal force
mg Friction Tension on system is zero then
COLLISIONS
Linear momentum of • Value of coefficient of
VARIOUS FORMS 
system is conserved restitution defines
Spring (1) Heat energy (2) ∆P = O nature of collision,
Pseudo Normal
force (2) Chemical energy   Vseperation
POWER ENERGY (3) Electrical energy (3) Pi = Pf e=
Vapproach
(4) Nuclear energy  
(5) Mass – Energy (4) m1 µ1 + ........ + m1 µn • e = O, e = 1, O < e< 1
 
(1) Time rate at which work is done. • Capacity to do work is defined = m1 υ1 + ......... + m1 υn Defines nature of
• W = F d cosθ, equivalence
(2) It is a scalar quantity as Energy collisions
• S.I. unit is WORK DONE FOR
(3) S.I. Unit is watt. • It is a scalar quantity
J (joule) CONSTANT FORCE • S.I. unit is Joule (J) 1 - D COLLISION
& VARIABLE FORCE • In elastic collision,
(1) ( ∆ P) sys
=O
momentum and K.E of
WORK-ENERGY THEOREM
FORMULAE AVERAGE POWER (2) e = V2 − V1 system are conserved
  (1) Net Work done on an object by µ1 − µ 2 •e=1
(1) dW = F .dr Total Work done in time all forces will change in Kinetic • Bodies do not stick
dw t is average power energy of an object (3) V1 = together after collision
(2) P =
dt w (2) Wnet = ∆K
Pavg = Wconservative + Wnon–conservative + Wext = ∆K
 m1 − em2
µ1 +
(1+ e)m2 
µ2 
For small amount of work t 
 m1 + m2 m1 + m2  • In inelastic collision,
(3) W = ∫ F(x).dx, ∫ F(x).dx = ∆K + ∆V TYPES momentum is conserved
• Area under F.S graph gives • If work is done by variable velocity of first particle
if variable force does work . OF • o<e<I
force, then INSTANTANEOUS after collision.
work done  
r2 • Bodies do not stick
• work done = Area under W = ∫ F. dr POWER (4) V2 = COLLISIONS together after collision
ABCD r1 Scalar product of force m1 − (1+ e) m − em
µ1 + 2 µ2
and instantaneous
velocity (v) is
MECHANICAL m1 + m2 m1 + m2
velocity of second particle • In perfectly inelastic
WORK DONE BY instantaneous Power.
 ENERGY IS after collision Collison momentum is
  ds  
CONSERVATIVE & NON- Pinst = F . = F. V CONSERVED (5) Change in Kinetic
conserved
•e=O
WORK CAN BE CONSERVATIVE FORCES dt energy, ∆ K • Bodies sticks together
POSITIVE, NEGATIVE
1 m1m2   2 after collision
OR ZERO ENERGY IN SPRING ∆K = (µ1 − µ 2 ) (1 − e)
CONSERVATIVE FORCES NON – CONSERVATIVE TYPES OF MASS SYSTEM
2 m1 + m2

(1) Kx, mg and electrostatic

POSITIVE WORK
(1) If force and
displacement both
are ‘+’ or ‘-‘ and θ is
acute.
(2) If either of force or
displacement is
negative and θ is
between 90o to 180o.
(1) W = O, if Force is
(2) Either Force or
forces are conservative
forces,
(2) Work For these forces is
stored in the form of
Potential energy.
(3) They are path
independent.
ZERO WORK
perpendicular or to the
displacement.
displacement is zero.
FORCES ENERGY (1) Total mechanical
(1) Non – conservative forces
energy at each point is MOTION IN 2 - D COLLISION SPECIAL CASES
Constant. VERTICLE CIRCLE
are path dependent. (1) Bodies moving in a (1) hn = e2n ho
MECHANICAL ENERGY plane results in
(2) ∆K + ∆V =0 (1) In absence of dissipative e = coefficient of
(2) Friction is an example forces, mechanical arbitrary collision in
Sum of kinetic energy and ( Kinitial+Vinitial) = ( Kfinal+ Vfinal`) restitution.
of non – conservative different directions is
energy is conserved n = nth collision,
forces. potential energy 2 – D.
(3) maximum Velocity (2) V = 5 gl ho = initial height,
hn = height after nth
k
at bottom to reach top  collision
Vmax = x m (3) V = V = 3 gl (2) ∆P = O
m (2) Vn = enVo,
NEGATIVE WORK at bottom to cross ∆ Px = O n = nth collision,
quarter CIrcle m1µ1x + m2µ 2 x = m1v1x + m2 v 2 x Vo = initial velocity,
(1) If both force &
displacement are ‘+’or ‘-‘ vn = velocity after nth
(4) V = gl ∆ Py = O
and θ is between 90o to KINETIC ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY collision.
to reach quatre circle
180o. 1 • By virtue of Position, height, m1µ1y + m2µ 2 = m1v1y + m2 v 2 y  1 + e2 
• By Virtue of velocity K = mv 2 stresses within its & Electrostatic (5) Tension at any point
(3) H = ho  2 
(2) If either of force or
2 Factors; on circle,  1− e 
displacement is positive H = total distance
• Gravitational Potential mµ 2
and θ is acute.
Energy = mgh T= − mg (2 − 3 cos θ) travelled before it stops
1
• Elastic Potential energy = kx 2 r
2  1 + e2  2ho
• Electrostatic Potential (6) Velocity at any point (4) T =  2 

on circle,  1− e  g
energy = kq1q2 T = time taken by ball
r V 2 = µ 2 − 2gl (1− cos θ)
to stope bounding.

anand_mani16 DR. Anand Mani https://www.anandmani.com/ https://discord.io/anandmani t.me/anandmani001