Republic of the Philippines

Tarlac State University

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City, Tarlac

INDIVIDUAL REPORT:
ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND INTERATOMIC BONDING
(Types of Bonding)

MEF362:
Material Science For Engineering

Submitted to:
Engr. Romel Z. Martinez

Submitted by:
BSME 3B

PESCADERO, Shiela Mae

 Republic of the Philippines
Tarlac State University
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City, Tarlac

1. TYPES OF BONDING

PRIMARY BONDING

a. IONIC BONDING

-Found in compounds composed of metallic and non-metallic elements.

-All of the atoms acquire stable or inert gas configurations.

-Positive and negative ions make up the coulombic bonding forces, which are attracting.

-They are attracted to one another by their respective electrical charges.

-It is a Non directional.

Energy- minimum energy stability.

𝐴 𝐵
𝐸𝑁 = 𝐸𝐴 + 𝐸𝑅 = − +
𝑅 𝑟𝑛

b. COVALENT BONDING

-Founds in materials whose atoms have small differences in electronegativity.

-Bonds involves valence electrons.

-Non directional
 Republic of the Philippines
Tarlac State University
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City, Tarlac

c. METALLIC BONDING

-it is found in materials whose atoms have small differences in their electronegativity.

-Found in metals and alloys.

-Electrons delocalized to form an ‘electron cloud’

BOND HYBRIDIZATION IN CARBON

-The mixing of two or more atomic orbitals with the result that more orbital overlap
during bonding results.
 Republic of the Philippines
Tarlac State University
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City, Tarlac

SECONDARY BONDING OR VAN DER WALLS BONDING

-It exists between virtually all atoms or molecules, but its presence may be obscure if
any of the three primary bonding types are present.

-Arises from attractive forces between dipoles.

FLUCTUATING INDUCED DIPOLE BONDS- induced in an atom that is normally electrically

symmetric.

POLAR MOLECULE- INDUCED DIPOLE BONDS- exist in an asymmetrically arrangement.

PERMANENT DIPOLE BOND- exist between adjacent poles.

 Republic of the Philippines
Tarlac State University
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City, Tarlac

MIXED BONDING

Most common mixed bonding type in covalent- ionic mixed bonding.

FORMULA:

Where:

𝑋𝐴 and 𝑋𝐵 are electronegativities of the element participating in the bond.