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    This document discusses the movement of substances across plasma membranes in living organisms. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis that do not require energy. It also describes active transport mechanisms that use energy to move substances against a concentration gradient, like glucose absorption. The document further explains the effects of hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions on animal and plant cells, noting how cells will react like crenation, hemolysis, plasmolysis or remain the same shape.

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    Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane in Living Organisms

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    This document discusses the movement of substances across plasma membranes in living organisms. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis that do not require energy. It also describes active transport mechanisms that use energy to move substances against a concentration gradient, like glucose absorption. The document further explains the effects of hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions on animal and plant cells, noting how cells will react like crenation, hemolysis, plasmolysis or remain the same shape.

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    10 views1 page

    Movement of Substances Across A Plasma Membrane in Living Organisms

    Uploaded by

    boloqpiau boloqbok
    This document discusses the movement of substances across plasma membranes in living organisms. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis that do not require energy. It also describes active transport mechanisms that use energy to move substances against a concentration gradient, like glucose absorption. The document further explains the effects of hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions on animal and plant cells, noting how cells will react like crenation, hemolysis, plasmolysis or remain the same shape.

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    5/22/23, 5:34 PM Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane in Living Organisms

    Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane in Living Organisms


     

    3.3 Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane in Living Organisms

    Active and passive transport in living organisms:

    Passive transport Active transport

    gaseous exchange between an alveolus and a blood capillary through simple diffusion. absorption of glucose and amino acids in the villus.
    reabsorption of water occurs by osmosis through the renal tubule in the kidney. reabsorption of glucose through the renal tubule in the kidney.
    absorption of water by a plant root hair cell by osmosis. transport of sucrose from a leaf to a phloem tissue.
    absorption of fructose molecule in the villus by facilitated diffusion. absorption of mineral ions by a plant root hair cell.

    Hypertonic,hypotonic and isotonic solutions:

    Solution Description

    Hypertonic A solution that has high concentration of solute

    Hypotonic A solution that has low concentration of solute

    Isotonic A solution that has the same concentration of solute with the water potential

    The effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on animal cells and plant cells:

    Animal cell Condition Plant cell

    Hypotonic
    Hemolysis Turgid
    A solution that has low concentration of solute than water in a cell; causing the water to diffuse in

    Hypertonic
    Crenation Plasmolysis and flaccid
    A solution that has high concentration of solute than water in a cell; causing the water to diffuse out

    Isotonic
    Maintain its shape Maintain its shape
    A solution that has the same concentration of solute with the water potential in a cell; not net movement of substance

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