3

32 Find
. an
isomorphism L : P -
→
R ,
More
generally ,
show
thaat Rhtl
Pr and a re
isomorphic .

Find candidate L
.

a
mapping
Prove that the
moapping
.

iL s one _

to _

ome

Prove that the L

mapping is onto

Prove
) lal and ib
property

Let L : P 2
→ R
3
be delined
byL =
( aztia , t
+ a 。 1

= (]
one -

to one ;
-
Assume that L (azt ÷ a ,
t + a 0 ) = 1 (b t 午 b = ,
t + b 。 !

( ) ( ]← =
R
>→ ar =
b = ,
a
. =
b
, a 0
= b 。

, Thus
a

dzt + , t +
a0 = bat 午
b . t+b . L isone - toone

onto :

[*]
?

Let x =
be an
arbitrary vector inR ,

X 如

We can find a polynomial p in Pr such ehat

'

maps Xat X tt Xo
.
Thereiore L isonto
,

rector addition :

Let p azt =+ t+ a b t 午 b ttb

bearbitravy
a
q
=
、 . =
,
= . .

polynomials ' n P 2

L (
p
+

q ) -
1 ( ( az +
b ) ++ ( a
2 ,
+ b ) t+ (a
, 0
+
bo ) )

[ -
aa

。)
品
0

] ( 。] (
=

L ( P) L 1
, +
q)
= =
b +

ao -

bo
1
scalarmuleiplication ;

Let a in realnumberand P = atia .

t+ a 。

P
be an
arbitvary polynomial in 2
,

L ( +α a
p)
α
= L( xat ,
t + xa 。
)

[ xa . =× ( ] xP
=

] =

α Q 。

Since L
= (

artt a , te a . ) satislies all foun

of condude
isomorphism
,

properties
we c a n
an

that L is an
isomorphism between P _ and R ?

isomorphic
"
and Rnt ior
greater
A
lso
Pr are
any
,
n

than or
egaal to
I
by extending h to an injective
linear transtormation L ' :
Pr → Rne ,
)

since L is

follows that Llis also

an
isomorphism ,
it an

and thereforeP r and Rnare

isomorphism ,

isomorphic .