CHAPTER 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE

EXTRA QUESTION (CHAPTER 2 AND 4)

1 (a) An electron of a hydrogen atom is excited to an energy level of n=7 and falls to a lower
energy level to produce Paschen series.
i. State the energy level to which the electron falls.
ii. Calculate the energy of the electron in the excited state. (4 marks)

(b) i. Define the terms orbit and orbital.

ii. Chromium is an element in d block of the periodic table. Write the electronic
configuration of chromium. Explain the anomalous electronic configuration in
chromium.
iii. Give a set of quantum numbers for an electron in 3p orbital. (6 marks)
2 a) i. Calculate the wavelength and frequency of the light that forms the third line of the
Brackett series. (4 marks)
ii. Calculate the energy of an electron at its excited state before it drops to produce the
second line of the Balmer series. (2 marks)

b) i. State the quantum numbers n, l and m of the 3dx2-y2 orbital and draw its shape.
(2 marks)
ii. Write the electronic configurations of Mn and Mn2+. (2 marks)
3 a) Give the difference between a line spectrum and a continuous spectrum. (2 marks)
b) The orbitals of the first two principal energy levels of atoms are shown below.

In an atom of element J, orbitals A, B and E are full of electrons while orbitals C and D
are half full.
i. State the charge of J ion. Briefly explain your answer.
ii. Write the electronic configuration of J.
iii. State the quantum number n, l and m for orbital D. (4 marks)
c) An electron of a hydrogen atom is excited to the energy level n=4 and drops to a lower
energy level to form a line in the Balmer series.
i. Calculate the energy of the electron at the energy level n=4.
ii. Determine the wavelength of this transition. (4 marks)
4 a) Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the third line in the Balmer series of hydrogen
spectrum. (5 marks)
 b) Between 4s, 5f and 2d, which orbital represents impossible combinations of n and l?
Explain. (2 marks)

c) Phosphorus is an element in Period 3.

i. Write the electronic configuration of phosphorus. (1 mark)
ii. Draw its orbital diagram. (1 mark)
iii. How many unpaired electrons does it have? (1 mark)
5 a) FIGURE 2 shows the Lyman series of hydrogen emission spectrum.

i. Draw the electronic transition of lines P, Q and R on the energy level diagram of the
hydrogen atom.
ii. Calculate the energy corresponding to line Q. (5 marks)

b) The proton number of element T is 20.

i. Write the electronic configuration of element T.
ii. Predict the stable oxidation number of element T. Explain.
iii. Draw the shape of orbital and give a set of quantum numbers for the valence
electron. (5 marks)
6 a) FIGURE 2 shows Lyman series of hydrogen emission spectrum.

i. Explain why each successive line becomes closer to the previous one until the lines
form a continuum.
ii. Calculate the frequency of the light that produces line Q. (6 marks)

b) Element M has 15 protons.

i. Write the electronic configuration of M3-.
ii. Give a set of quantum numbers for an electron in the 3s orbital.
iii. State two differences between 2s and 3s orbitals. (4 marks)
7 a) FIGURE 2 shows Balmer series of hydrogen emission spectrum.

i. State the electron transition that produces line B.

ii. Explain the formation of line B.
iii. Calculate the energy of photon that produces line C with the wavelength of 434 nm.
(6 marks)
 b) The following sets of quantum numbers represent the 3 outermost electrons of element Y
at ground state.
n = 3 l = 0 m = 0 s = +1/2
n = 3 l = 0 m = 0 s = -1/2
n = 3 l = 1 m = -1 s = +1/2
i. What is the maximum number of orbitals that exist in the shell n=3?
ii. Write the electronic configuration of element Y.
iii. Draw the shapes of orbitals for the valence electrons. (4 marks)
8 a) FIGURE 1 shows the first four lines in the Brackett series of hydrogen emission
spectrum.

i. State the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the series is found.
ii. Which line corresponds to the shortest wavelength? Calculate the wavelength of the
radiation that produces the line. (5 marks)

b) E is an element with proton number of 21.

i. Write the electronic configuration of E.
ii. Draw the shapes of orbitals occupied by the valence electrons.
iii. Give the sets of quantum numbers for the electrons that occupy the fourth shell. (5
marks)
9 AlF3 is an ionic compound while AlCl3 is a covalent compound.
i. Draw the Lewis structures of AlF3 and AlCl3.
ii. AlF3 forms a dimer , Al2Cl6. Show the dative covalent bond in the dimer.

(3marks)

10 a) Table below shows the chlorides for beryllium and magnesium.

Element Chloride
Be BeCl2
Mg MgCl2

i. State the type of bond in each chloride. (2 marks)

ii. ii. Draw Lewis structure of beryllium chloride and magnesium chloride. (2 marks)
11 a) Aluminium fluoride , AlF3 is an electrovalent compound.

i. Define electrovalent compound.

ii. Use Lewis dot symbol to show the formation of AlF3.
iii. State the type of stability of the F- ion. (5 marks)
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