THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN ( PAST SIMPLE )

I. Công thức :
1. Câu khẳng định :
ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Công  S + was/were + n/adj  S + V-ed/V2
thức
Lưu ý  I/He/She/It/danh từ số ít/danh  V2 là những động từ bất quy
từ không đếm được + was tắc nằm ở cột số 2 trong bảng
 We/You/They/danh từ số động từ bất quy tắc
nhiều + were
Ví dụ  Ms. Hoa was very happy when  We went to Japan last week.
her husband bought her a  I met my old friend at the
bouquet yesterday. shopping mall yesterday
 They were in Thailand on their
summer holiday 3 years ago

2. Câu phủ định :

ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Công  S + was/were + not + n/adj  S + did not + V(nguyên mẫu)
thức
Lưu ý  Was not = wasn’t  Vì có did là trợ động từ nên V
 Were not = weren’t phải ở dạng nguyên mẫu
 Did not = didn’t
Ví dụ  She wasn’t happy yesterday  He didn’t go to work last week
 It was Tuesday yesterday  We didn’t get any phone calls
from our company yesterday.

3. Câu nghi vấn :

a) Câu nghi vấn sử dụng trợ động từ ( YES/NO questions) :
ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Công  Was/Were + S + n/adj?  Did + S + V(nguyên mẫu)?
thức  Yes, S + was/were  Yes, S + did
 No, S + was/were + not  No, S + didn’t
Ví dụ  Was Thomas Edison the first  Did you visit HCM City?
person create the electric bulb?  Yes, I did
 Yes, he was  No, I didn’t
 No, he wasn’t
 Were they play football
yesterday?  Did he do homework last
 Yes, they were week?
 No, they weren’t  Yes, he did
 No, he didn’t

b) Câu nghi vấn sử dụng từ để hỏi (WH-questions) :

ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Công  Wh- + was/were + S + n/adj?  Wh- + did + S + V(nguyên
thức mẫu)
Ví dụ  What was your name?  What did you do yesterday?
 Where was London?  Where did she go last week?

4.Lưu ý về việc thêm –ED vào sau động từ có quy tắc :

 Động từ tận cùng là “e”  chỉ cần thêm “d”
- Ví dụ : smile – smiled ; agree – agree ; note – noted ;…
 Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận cùng là MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm là MỘT
nguyên âm  ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “ed”
- Ví dụ : stop – stopped ; grab – grabbed ; tap – tapped ;…
 Động từ có HAI âm tiết, tận cùng là MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm là MỘT nguyên
âm, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ HAI  ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “ed”
- Ví dụ : commit – committed ; prefer – preferred ; travel – travelled ;…
 Động từ tận cùng là “y”
- Nếu trước “y” là MỘT nguyên âm ( u, e, o, a, i)  ta chỉ cần thêm “ed”
Ví dụ : play – played ; stay – stayed ; enjoy – enjoyed ;…
- Nếu trước “y” là MỘT phụ âm (còn lại)  ta bỏ “y” thành “i+ed”
Ví dụ : fly – flied ; cry – cried ; study – studied ;…
 5. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì QKĐ :
TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ THỜI
GIAN TRONG QUÁ KHỨ
- Yesterday
- Last + thời gian (last week, last night, last month,
last year,…)
- Ago ( 2 years ago, 3 months ago , 4 days ago,…)
- The day before, the past
- Những khoảng thời gian đã qua trong ngày (this
morning, this noon, this afternoon, today,…)

6. Cách dùng thì quá khứ đơn :

Ví dụ Phân tích
Cách dùng 1 : I ………(see) him in the park Có từ tín hiệu “last week”
Diễn tả 1 hành động last week.  Thì QKĐ
xảy ra và hoàn tất A. See CHỌN B
trong quá khứ với B. Saw
thời gian xác định rõ C. Am seeing
D. Have seen

Cách dùng 2 : He (come) ........... to Một chuỗi hành động xảy ra

Diễn tả các hành class, (open) ........... the liên tiếp và đã xảy ra trong quá
động xảy ra liên tiếp
notebook and (start) ........... to khứ  thì QKĐ
trong quá khứ write CHỌN C
A. Comes/opens/starts
B. Is coming/is opening/is
starting
C. Came/opened/started
D. Have come/have
opened/have started
Cách dùng 3 : When I was watching TV, my Khi một hành động đang xảy
Diễn tả một hành mom…………..(come) home ra mà có một hành động khác
động đang xảy ra A. Come xen vào  hành động đang
trong quá khứ mà có B. Comes xảy ra chia ở thì QKTD còn
một hành động khác C. Is coming hành động xen vào chia ở thì
xen vào D. came QKĐ
CHỌN D
 Cách dùng 4 : If I …. (be) you , I would learn Trong câu điều kiện loại II, vế
Dùng trong câu điều English more “Nếu” được chia ở thì QKĐ
kiện loại II A. was CHỌN A
B. am
C. have been
D. being

7. Phân biệt thì QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN và thì HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH :
GIỐNG NHAU
 Đều nói về những hành động, sự việc đã xảy ra ở quá khứ

QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

KHÁ  Chỉ nói về quá khứ
C thể liên quan đến hiện tại
NHAU VD : I noted the lesson
 Nói về 1 thời điểm đã xác định
VD : I read the book when I was in
the library
 Sử dụng những cụm từ chỉ
thời gian đã xác định, đã kết
thúc
VD : I read the book last week
 Nói về quá khứ, và cũng có
VD : I have noted the lesson
 Không xác định thời điểm cụ
thể
VD : I have read the book recently
 Sử dụng những cụm từ chỉ
thời gian không xác định
VD : I read the book this week

II. Bài tập :

Exercise 1 : Chia các động từ sau ở thì QKĐ
1. I ………………. at home last weekend. (stay) 

2. Angela ………………. to the cinema last night. (go)

3. I and my friends ………………. a great time in Nha Trang last year. (have)

4. My vacation in Hue last summer ………………. wonderful. (be)

5. Last June I ………………. Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi. (visit)

6. My parents ………………. very tired after the trip. (be)

7. I ………………. a lot of gifts for my little sister. (buy)

8. Lan and Mai ……………… sharks, dolphins and turtles at Tri Nguyen aquarium. (see)

9. Trung ………………. chicken and rice for dinner. (eat)

10. They ………………. about their holiday in Hoi An. (talk).

11. I ................ at my mom’s home yesterday. (stay) 

12. Hannah ...... …………..to the theatre last Sunday. (go)

13. I and my classmates ..................... a great time in Da Nang last year. (have)

14. My holiday in California last summer ......................... wonderful. (be)

15. Last January I ............................. Sword Lake in Ha Noi. (visit)

16. My grandparents …………………….... very tired after the trip. (be)

17. I ....................... a lot of gifts for my older brother two days ago. (buy)

18. Today, James and Belle ....... sharks, dolphins and turtles at Vinpearl. (see)

19. Gary ..................... chicken and rice for lunch. (eat)

20. We ................................... about their holiday in Ca Mau an hour ago. (talk)

Exercise 2 : Chọn đáp án đúng trong các đáp án sau

1. John ……………..to London earlier this year

A.went B.have gone C. is going D. goes
2. I…………………for seven hours last night.
A. was slept B. slept C. am sleeping D. sleep
3. Where……………you……………… last night?
A. are/going B. is / going C. did / go D. were / go
4. Did you just ………………. me a liar?
A. tell B. told C. telled D. tells
5. I ………….. smoking a long time ago.
A. have stopped B. am stopping C. stopped D. stop
6. She….out with her boyfriend last night.
A. goes B. go C. went D. is going
7. Laura….a meal yesterday afternoon
A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. have cooked
8. Mozart ….more than 600 pieces of music
A. composed B. compose C. composing D. has composed
9. I …. tired when I came home last night.
A. am B. was C. were D. have been
10. The bed was very comfortable so they…..very well yesterday
A. slept B. sleep C. are sleeping D. sleeped
Exercise 3 : Sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau
1. I looked at her but she didn’t looked at me._____________________________
2. Yesterday is my birthday. __________________________
3. I am working on the computer 2 hour ago__________________________
4. Susie were sick 10 days ago. __________________________
5. She came home late, eat midnight snack and went to bed. ______________________
6. They having fun at the party last week. __________________________
7. You didn’t brushed your teeth this morning. __________________________
8. Yesterday, Dad isn’t happy with my scores. __________________________
9. Our relatives having decided to pay us a visit last month. _______________________
10. My friends are doing their homework last week__________________________
Exercise 4 : Hoàn thành 2 đoạn văn sau, sử dụng thì QKĐ
The line graph (1-compare)__________________ three types of traveler to New Zealand
between 1997 and 2017 in terms of their average daily expenditure.

It is noticeable that spending by these international visitors (2-be) at its highest between
the years 2000 and 2003. Overall, business travelers (3-spend)______________ the most
per day, while people visiting friends or relatives (4-spend)________________the least.

In 1997, business visitors to New Zealand spent an average of almost $260 per day, while
holidaymakers spent around $190 and people visiting friends or relatives spent less than
$120. Over the following five years, spending by all three types of traveler (5-
increase)_______________ dramatically, to peaks of around $330, $270 and $220.
However, visitor spending suddenly (6-fall)___________ again between 2003 and 2005.

From 2005 to 2015, the daily expenditure of business travelers and tourists (7-
fluctuate)___________ around the $200 mark, whereas people visiting relations or
friends spent roughly 60 to 80 dollars less per day. By 2017, daily spending had risen to
approximately $250, $210 and $140 respectively for vacationers, business people and
those visiting loved ones.

I can remember many happy events of my life and out of those, I would like to talk about
the event that I can still remember vividly. It (1-be)_________ indeed an exhilarating
event and that was regarding my success in the board final exam. The moment I (2-
hear)__________ that I had been awarded a scholarship for my performance in the board
exam, I (3-become)___________ the happiest man in the world. This (4-be)________
truly a felicitous moment for me as it is something I was looking forward to very eagerly
and the news (5-make)_________ my parents quite happy and proud. I would like to
thank you for letting me talk about this event.

I (6-wait) ___________almost a month with great anxiety for my result. I (7-

start)______________ speculating so many things and many of them were negative. I
could hardly stop thinking about my upcoming result during this period. The result was
highly important and my college admission was dependent on it. I could not sleep well
the night before the result publishing day. I think it is common for students to worry
about their results, especially for important exams, and I was familiar with this type of
concern. However, I have to admit that I had been more worried about it than other exam
results I can remember.
The result was published at around 11.00 am and I (8-find)_________ that I did
exceptionally well. I was so relieved and happy that I was on cloud nine. Then I hurriedly
returned home and gave the news to my parents. They were very happy. My father, who
barely expresses his emotions (9-be)__________ also very pleased, and my mother called
a few of our relatives to share the good news. I felt excited, happy and relieved. At that
time I was about 15 years old. It (10-happen)__________ in our hometown

Exercise 5 : Viết lại câu ở thì QKĐ, sử dụng những từ đã cho dưới đây ( PHẢI ĐỔI
ĐỘNG TỪ SANG THÌ QKĐ)

1. Yesterday/I/see/Jaden/when/I/come/home.

 _________________________________________________________________
2. What/you/do/last Monday?/You/look/tired/when/come/our house.
 _________________________________________________________________
3. Linda/not/eat/anything/because/full.
 _________________________________________________________________
4. The cats/go/out/They/look/happy.
 _________________________________________________________________
5. You and your classmates/study/lesson?
 _________________________________________________________________